Approximate Bayesian inference and Monte Carlo validation for small-N repeated-measures designs with two time points and two raters. The package is intended for applications in which sample size is limited and the observed outcome may be affected by rater-specific bias. User-supplied data are standardised into a common long-format structure. Pre-post effects are analysed using difference scores in a linear model with a rater indicator as covariate. Posterior summaries for the regression coefficients are obtained from a large-sample normal approximation centred at the least-squares estimate with plug-in covariance under a flat improper prior. Evidence for a non-zero pre-post effect, adjusted for rater differences, is summarised using a BIC-based approximation to the Bayes factor for comparison between models with and without the pre-post effect. Monte Carlo validation uses design quantities estimated from the observed data, including sample size, mean pre-post change, and second-rater additive discrepancy, and summarises inferential performance in terms of bias, root mean squared error, credible interval coverage, posterior tail probabilities, and mean Bayes factor values. For background on the BIC approximation and Bayes factors, see Schwarz (1978) <doi:10.1214/aos/1176344136> and Kass and Raftery (1995) <doi:10.1080/01621459.1995.10476572>.

This package provides functions to compute distances between probability measures or any other data object than can be posed in this way, entropy measures for samples of curves, distances and depth measures for functional data, and the Generalized Mahalanobis Kernel distance for high dimensional data. For further details about the metrics please refer to Martos et al (2014) <doi:10.3233/IDA-140706>; Martos et al (2018) <doi:10.3390/e20010033>; Hernandez et al (2018, submitted); Martos et al (2018, submitted).

Calculates several entropy metrics for spatial data inspired by Boltzmann's entropy formula. It includes metrics introduced by Cushman for landscape mosaics (Cushman (2015) <doi:10.1007/s10980-015-0305-2>), and landscape gradients and point patterns (Cushman (2021) <doi:10.3390/e23121616>); by Zhao and Zhang for landscape mosaics (Zhao and Zhang (2019) <doi:10.1007/s10980-019-00876-x>); and by Gao et al. for landscape gradients (Gao et al. (2018) <doi:10.1111/tgis.12315>; Gao and Li (2019) <doi:10.1007/s10980-019-00854-3>).

Currently, the package provides several functions for plotting and analyzing bibliometric data (JIF, Journal Impact Factor, and paper percentile values), beamplots with citations and percentiles, and three plot functions to visualize the result of a reference publication year spectroscopy (RPYS) analysis performed in the free software CRExplorer (see <http://crexplorer.net>). Further extension to more plot variants is planned.

Ecological alteration of degraded lands can improve their sustainability by addition of large amount of biomass to soil resulting in improved soil health. Soil biological parameters (such as carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycling enzyme activity) are reactive to minute variations in soils [Ghosh et al. (2021) <doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2021.106176> ]. Hence, biological activity index combining Urease, Alkaline Phosphatase, Dehydrogenase (DHA) & Beta-Glucosidase activity will assist in detecting early changes in restored land use systems [Patidar et al. (2023) <doi:10.3389/fsufs.2023.1230156>]. This package helps to calculate Biological Activity Index (BAI) based on vectors of Land Use System/treatment and control/reference Land Use System containing four values of Urease, Alkaline Phosphatase, DHA & Beta-Glucosidase. (DHA), urease (URE), fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis (FDA) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities are measured in soil samples using triphenyl tetrazolium chloride, urea, fluorescein diacetate and p-nitro phenyl-phosphate as substrates, respectively.

This package provides tools for the analysis and visualization of gene expression data from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Implements a complete workflow including data import, quality control, differential expression analysis, co-expression network analysis, pathway enrichment, and multi-gene biomarker discovery. Differential expression uses the empirical Bayes moderated t-statistic of Smyth (2004) <doi:10.2202/1544-6115.1027>. Gene set enrichment analysis follows Subramanian et al. (2005) <doi:10.1073/pnas.0506580102>. Multi-gene biomarker selection uses the LASSO method of Tibshirani (1996) <doi:10.1111/j.2517-6161.1996.tb02080.x>. Effect sizes are computed as Cohen's d following Cohen (1988).

BabyTime is an application for tracking infant and toddler care activities like sleeping, eating, etc. This package will take the outputted .zip files and parse it into a usable list object with cleaned data. It handles malformed and incomplete data gracefully and is designed to parse one directory at a time.

This package provides spatial data for mapping Brunei, including boundaries for districts, mukims, and kampongs, as well as locations of key infrastructure such as masjids, hospitals, clinics, and schools. The package supports researchers, analysts, and developers working with Bruneiâ s geographic and demographic data, offering a quick and accessible foundation for creating maps and conducting spatial studies.

This package provides deterministic two- and three-dimensional boids and swarm simulations for R. The package implements Reynolds-style separation, alignment, and cohesion rules with optional obstacles, attractors, predators, species parameters, and reproducible frame export. Simulation state is renderer-neutral; optional adapters can hand frame data to visualization packages such as ggWebGL'. The model follows Reynolds (1987) <doi:10.1145/37402.37406>.

This package provides a unified syntax for the simulation-based comparison of different single-stage basket trial designs with a binary endpoint and equal sample sizes in all baskets. Methods include the designs by Baumann et al. (2025) <doi:10.1080/19466315.2024.2402275>, Schmitt and Baumann (2025) <doi:10.1080/19466315.2025.2486231>, Fujikawa et al. (2020) <doi:10.1002/bimj.201800404>, Berry et al. (2020) <doi:10.1177/1740774513497539>, and Neuenschwander et al. (2016) <doi:10.1002/pst.1730>. For the latter two designs, the functions are mostly wrappers for functions provided by the package bhmbasket'.

This package provides fast and efficient procedures for Bayesian analysis of Structural Vector Autoregressions. This package estimates a wide range of models, including homo-, heteroskedastic, and non-normal specifications. Structural models can be identified by adjustable exclusion restrictions, time-varying volatility, or non-normality. They all include a flexible three-level equation-specific local-global hierarchical prior distribution for the estimated level of shrinkage for autoregressive and structural parameters. Additionally, the package facilitates predictive and structural analyses such as impulse responses, forecast error variance and historical decompositions, forecasting, verification of heteroskedasticity, non-normality, and hypotheses on autoregressive parameters, as well as analyses of structural shocks, volatilities, and fitted values. Beautiful plots, informative summary functions, and extensive documentation including the vignette by Woźniak (2024) <doi:10.48550/arXiv.2410.15090> complement all this. The implemented techniques align closely with those presented in Lütkepohl, Shang, Uzeda, & Woźniak (2024) <doi:10.48550/arXiv.2404.11057>, Lütkepohl & Woźniak (2020) <doi:10.1016/j.jedc.2020.103862>, and Song & Woźniak (2021) <doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780190625979.013.174>. The bsvars package is aligned regarding objects, workflows, and code structure with the R package bsvarSIGNs by Wang & Woźniak (2024) <doi:10.32614/CRAN.package.bsvarSIGNs>, and they constitute an integrated toolset.

Skinfold measurements is one of the most popular and practical methods for estimating percent body fat. Body composition is a term that describes the relative proportions of fat, bone, and muscle mass in the human body. Following the collection of skinfold measurements, regression analysis (a statistical procedure used to predict a dependent variable based on one or more independent or predictor variables) is used to estimate total percent body fat in humans. <doi:10.4324/9780203868744>.

Extends blockr.core with interactive blocks for reading and writing data files. Supports CSV, Excel, Parquet, RDS, and other formats through a graphical interface without writing code directly. Includes file browser integration and configurable import/export options.

This package provides tools for 3D imaging, mostly for biology/microscopy. Read and write TIFF stacks. Functions for segmentation, filtering and analyzing 3D point patterns.

This package provides methods for estimating the area under the concentration versus time curve (AUC) and its standard error in the presence of Below the Limit of Quantification (BLOQ) observations. Two approaches are implemented: direct estimation using censored maximum likelihood, and a two-step approach that first imputes BLOQ values using various methods and then computes the AUC using the imputed data. Technical details are described in Barnett et al. (2020), "Methods for Non-Compartmental Pharmacokinetic Analysis With Observations Below the Limit of Quantification," Statistics in Biopharmaceutical Research. <doi:10.1080/19466315.2019.1701546>.

Data processing tools to compute the rectified, integrated and the averaged EMG. Routines for automatic detection of activation phases. A routine to compute and plot the ensemble average of the EMG. An EMG signal simulator for general purposes.

This package provides tools for working with BIDS (Brain Imaging Data Structure) formatted neuroimaging datasets. The package provides functionality for reading and querying BIDS'-compliant projects, creating mock BIDS datasets for testing, and extracting preprocessed data from fMRIPrep derivatives. It supports searching and filtering BIDS files by various entities such as subject, session, task, and run to streamline neuroimaging data workflows. See Gorgolewski et al. (2016) <doi:10.1038/sdata.2016.44> for the BIDS specification.

Bayes factors represent the ratio of probabilities assigned to data by competing scientific hypotheses. However, one drawback of Bayes factors is their dependence on prior specifications that define null and alternative hypotheses. Additionally, there are challenges in their computation. To address these issues, we define Bayes factor functions (BFFs) directly from common test statistics. BFFs express Bayes factors as a function of the prior densities used to define the alternative hypotheses. These prior densities are centered on standardized effects, which serve as indices for the BFF. Therefore, BFFs offer a summary of evidence in favor of alternative hypotheses that correspond to a range of scientifically interesting effect sizes. Such summaries remove the need for arbitrary thresholds to determine "statistical significance." BFFs are available in closed form and can be easily computed from z, t, chi-squared, and F statistics. They depend on hyperparameters "r" and "tau^2", which determine the shape and scale of the prior distributions defining the alternative hypotheses. Plots of BFFs versus effect size provide informative summaries of hypothesis tests that can be easily aggregated across studies.

This package provides methods for Bayesian parameter estimation and forecasting in epidemiological models. Functions enable model fitting using Bayesian methods and generate forecasts with uncertainty quantification. Implements approaches described in <doi:10.48550/arXiv.2411.05371> and <doi:10.1002/sim.9164>.

Toolkit for Bayesian estimation of the dependence structure in multivariate extreme value parametric models, following Sabourin and Naveau (2014) <doi:10.1016/j.csda.2013.04.021> and Sabourin, Naveau and Fougeres (2013) <doi:10.1007/s10687-012-0163-0>.

Analyze differences among time series curves with p-value adjustment for multiple comparisons introduced in Oleson et al (2015) <DOI:10.1177/0962280215607411>.

Efficiently access the Bedrock Bio library of open-access computational biology datasets. Lazily query datasets backed by DuckDB and Apache Iceberg', with support for predicate pushdown and column projection to the cloud storage backend. This enables quick, iterative access to otherwise massive, unwieldy datasets without downloading them in full. See <https://bedrock.bio> for available datasets and documentation.

Battery reduction is a method used in data reduction. It uses Gram-Schmidt orthogonal rotations to find out a subset of variables best representing the original set of variables.

This is an implementation of BART:Bayesian Additive Regression Trees, by Chipman, George, McCulloch (2010).