Kiener distributions K1, K2, K3, K4 and K7 to characterize distributions with left and right, symmetric or asymmetric fat tails in finance, neuroscience and other disciplines. Two algorithms to estimate the distribution parameters, quantiles, value-at-risk and expected shortfall. IMPORTANT: Standardization has been changed in versions >= 2.0.0 to get sd = 1 when kappa = Inf rather than 2*pi/sqrt(3) in versions <= 1.8.6. This affects parameter g (other parameters stay unchanged). Do not update if you need consistent comparisons with previous results for the g parameter.

For functions that take and return vectors (or scalars), this package provides 8 algorithms for finding fixed point vectors (vectors for which the inputs and outputs to the function are the same vector). These algorithms include Anderson (1965) acceleration <doi:10.1145/321296.321305>, epsilon extrapolation methods (Wynn 1962 <doi:10.2307/2004051>) and minimal polynomial methods (Cabay and Jackson 1976 <doi:10.1137/0713060>).

Play or simulate games of "Four in a Row" in the R console. This package is designed for educational purposes, encouraging users to write their own functions to play the game automatically. It contains a collection of built-in functions that play the game at various skill levels, for users to test their own functions against.

This package implements a novel approach for measuring feature importance in k-means clustering. Importance of a feature is measured by the misclassification rate relative to the baseline cluster assignment due to a random permutation of feature values. An explanation of permutation feature importance in general can be found here: <https://christophm.github.io/interpretable-ml-book/feature-importance.html>.

Diagnostic plots for optimisation, with a focus on projection pursuit. These show paths the optimiser takes in the high-dimensional space in multiple ways: by reducing the dimension using principal component analysis, and also using the tour to show the path on the high-dimensional space. Several botanical colour palettes are included, reflecting the name of the package. A paper describing the methodology can be found at <https://journal.r-project.org/articles/RJ-2021-105/index.html>.

Offers calculation, visualization and comparison of algorithmic fairness metrics. Fair machine learning is an emerging topic with the overarching aim to critically assess whether ML algorithms reinforce existing social biases. Unfair algorithms can propagate such biases and produce predictions with a disparate impact on various sensitive groups of individuals (defined by sex, gender, ethnicity, religion, income, socioeconomic status, physical or mental disabilities). Fair algorithms possess the underlying foundation that these groups should be treated similarly or have similar prediction outcomes. The fairness R package offers the calculation and comparisons of commonly and less commonly used fairness metrics in population subgroups. These methods are described by Calders and Verwer (2010) <doi:10.1007/s10618-010-0190-x>, Chouldechova (2017) <doi:10.1089/big.2016.0047>, Feldman et al. (2015) <doi:10.1145/2783258.2783311> , Friedler et al. (2018) <doi:10.1145/3287560.3287589> and Zafar et al. (2017) <doi:10.1145/3038912.3052660>. The package also offers convenient visualizations to help understand fairness metrics.

This package implements the AdaptiveImpute matrix completion algorithm of Intelligent Initialization and Adaptive Thresholding for Iterative Matrix Completion <doi:10.1080/10618600.2018.1518238> as well as the specialized variant of Co-Factor Analysis of Citation Networks <doi:10.1080/10618600.2024.2394464>. AdaptiveImpute is useful for embedding sparsely observed matrices, often out performs competing matrix completion algorithms, and self-tunes its hyperparameter, making usage easy.

This package provides functions to estimate a factor model using discrete and continuous proxy variables. The function dproxyme estimates a factor model of discrete proxy variables using an EM algorithm (Dempster, Laird, Rubin (1977) <doi:10.1111/j.2517-6161.1977.tb01600.x>; Hu (2008) <doi:10.1016/j.jeconom.2007.12.001>; Hu(2017) <doi:10.1016/j.jeconom.2017.06.002> ). The function cproxyme estimates a linear factor model (Cunha, Heckman, and Schennach (2010) <doi:10.3982/ECTA6551>).

Stores large arrays in files to avoid occupying large memories. Implemented with super fast gigabyte-level multi-threaded reading/writing via OpenMP'. Supports multiple non-character data types (double, float, complex, integer, logical, and raw).

Interface for accessing the Fortnite Ecosystem API, allowing users to retrieve island metadata and engagement metrics. The package provides functions to search for Fortnite Creative islands, retrieve detailed metadata about specific islands including titles, descriptions, and tags, and access engagement metrics such as daily active users and play duration. It supports pagination for large result sets and time-series analysis of island performance. The API endpoint is <https://api.fortnite.com/ecosystem/v1>.

Turn numeric,data.frame,matrix into fraction form.

Fit the vector autoregressive model for multiple individuals using the OpenMx package (Hunter, 2017 <doi:10.1080/10705511.2017.1369354>).

This package implements a variational Expectation-Maximization (VEM) algorithm for smoothing one or multiple functional observations via basis function selection. The algorithm estimates all model parameters simultaneously and automatically, while accounting for within-curve correlation. The approach provides a flexible and computationally efficient framework for smoothing correlated functional data. The algorithm is described in da Cruz, A. C., de Souza, C. P., and Sousa, P. H. (2024). Fast Bayesian basis selection for functional data representation with correlated errors. <doi:10.48550/arXiv.2405.20758>.

This package provides a shiny application based on FossilSim'. Used for simulating tree, taxonomic and fossil data under mechanistic models of speciation, preservation and sampling.

Simulating and plotting taxonomy and fossil data on phylogenetic trees under mechanistic models of speciation, preservation and sampling.

Multifactor nonparametric analysis of variance based on ranks. Builds on the Kruskal-Wallis H test and its 2x2 Scheirer-Ray-Hare extension to handle any factorial designs. Provides effect sizes, Dunn-Bonferroni pairwise-comparison matrices, and simple-effects analyses. Tailored for psychology and the social sciences, with beginner-friendly R syntax and outputs that can be dropped into journal reports. Includes helpers to export tab-separated results and compact tables of descriptive statistics (to APA-style reports).

This package provides a collection of user-friendly functions for assessing and visualizing fragility of individual studies (Walsh et al., 2014 <doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2013.10.019>; Lin, 2021 <doi:10.1111/jep.13428>), conventional pairwise meta-analyses (Atal et al., 2019 <doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2019.03.012>), and network meta-analyses of multiple treatments with binary outcomes (Xing et al., 2020 <doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2020.07.003>). The included functions are designed to: 1) calculate the fragility index (i.e., the minimal event status modifications that can alter the significance or non-significance of the original result) and fragility quotient (i.e., fragility index divided by sample size) at a specific significance level; 2) give the cases of event status modifications for altering the result's significance or non-significance and visualize these cases; 3) visualize the trend of statistical significance as event status is modified; 4) efficiently derive fragility indexes and fragility quotients at multiple significance levels, and visualize the relationship between these fragility measures against the significance levels; and 5) calculate fragility indexes and fragility quotients of multiple datasets (e.g., a collection of clinical trials or meta-analyses) and produce plots of their overall distributions. The outputs from these functions may inform the robustness of clinical results in terms of statistical significance and aid the interpretation of fragility measures. The usage of this package is illustrated in Lin et al. (2023 <doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2022.08.053>) and detailed in Lin and Chu (2022 <doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0268754>).

Estimates the sample size for a test or a trial based on repeated simulation using a model based approach. Implements a method by Maruo et al. (2018) <doi:10.1080/19466315.2017.1349689> and an extension.

Regression models for functional data, i.e., scalar-on-function, function-on-scalar and function-on-function regression models, are fitted by a component-wise gradient boosting algorithm. For a manual on how to use FDboost', see Brockhaus, Ruegamer, Greven (2017) <doi:10.18637/jss.v094.i10>.

Recent technological advances have enable the simultaneous collection of multi-omics data i.e., different types or modalities of molecular data, presenting challenges for integrative prediction modeling due to the heterogeneous, high-dimensional nature and possible missing modalities of some individuals. We introduce this package for late integrative prediction modeling, enabling modality-specific variable selection and prediction modeling, followed by the aggregation of the modality-specific predictions to train a final meta-model. This package facilitates conducting late integration predictive modeling in a systematic, structured, and reproducible way.

Exchange rate regression and structural change tools for estimating, testing, dating, and monitoring (de facto) exchange rate regimes.

This package provides a set of simplified functions for creating funnel plots for proportion data. This package supports user defined benchmarks, confidence limits and estimation methods (i.e. exact or approximate) based on Spiegelhalter (2005) <doi:10.1002/sim.1970>. Additional routines for returning scored unit level data according to a set of specifications is also implemented for convenience. Specifically, both a categorical and a continuous score variable is returned to the sample data frame, which identifies which observations are deemed extreme or in control. Typically, such variables are useful as stratifications or covariates in further exploratory analyses. Lastly, the plotting routine returns a base funnel plot ('ggplot2'), which can also be tailored.

Enables the construction of flexible urban delineations that can be tailored to specific applications or research questions, see Van Migerode et al. (2024) <DOI:10.1177/23998083241262545> and Van Migerode et al. (2025) <DOI:10.5281/zenodo.15173220>. Originally developed to flexibly reconstruct the Degree of Urbanisation classification of cities, towns and rural areas developed by Dijkstra et al. (2021) <DOI:10.1016/j.jue.2020.103312>. Now it also support a broader range of delineation approaches, using multiple datasets â including population, built-up area, and night-time light grids â and different thresholding methods.

Wrapper for computing parameters for univariate distributions using MLE. It creates an object that stores d, p, q, r functions as well as parameters and statistics for diagnostics. Currently supports automated fitting from base and actuar packages. A manually fitting distribution fitting function is included to support directly specifying parameters for any distribution from ancillary packages.