This package implements the simpler and faster heat index, which matches the values of the original 1979 heat index and its 2022 extension for air temperatures above 300 K (27 C, 80 F) and with only minor differences at lower temperatures. Also implements an algorithm for calculating the thermodynamic (and psychrometric) wet-bulb (and ice-bulb) temperature.

We provide an R tool for computation and nonparametric plug-in estimation of Highest Density Regions (HDRs) and general level sets in the directional setting. Concretely, circular and spherical HDRs can be reconstructed from a data sample following Saavedra-Nieves and Crujeiras (2021) <doi:10.1007/s11634-021-00457-4>. This library also contains two real datasets in the circular and spherical settings. The first one concerns a problem from animal orientation studies and the second one is related to earthquakes occurrences.

This package provides easy access to essential climate change datasets to non-climate experts. Users can download the latest raw data from authoritative sources and view it via pre-defined ggplot2 charts. Datasets include atmospheric CO2, methane, emissions, instrumental and proxy temperature records, sea levels, Arctic/Antarctic sea-ice, Hurricanes, and Paleoclimate data. Sources include: NOAA Mauna Loa Laboratory <https://gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/trends/data.html>, Global Carbon Project <https://www.globalcarbonproject.org/carbonbudget/>, NASA GISTEMP <https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/>, National Snow and Sea Ice Data Center <https://nsidc.org/home>, CSIRO <https://research.csiro.au/slrwavescoast/sea-level/measurements-and-data/sea-level-data/>, NOAA Laboratory for Satellite Altimetry <https://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/socd/lsa/SeaLevelRise/> and HURDAT Atlantic Hurricane Database <https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/Data_Storm.html>, Vostok Paleo carbon dioxide and temperature data: <doi:10.3334/CDIAC/ATG.009>.

Higher-order latent trait theory (item response theory). We implement the generalized partial credit model with a second-order latent trait structure. Latent regression can be done on the second-order latent trait. For a pre-print of the methods, see, "Latent Regression in Higher-Order Item Response Theory with the R Package hlt" <https://mkleinsa.github.io/doc/hlt_proof_draft_brmic.pdf>.

An implementation of the sandwich smoother proposed in Fast Bivariate Penalized Splines by Xiao et al. (2012) <doi:10.1111/rssb.12007>. A hero is a specific type of sandwich. Dictionary.com (2018) <https://www.dictionary.com> describes a hero as: a large sandwich, usually consisting of a small loaf of bread or long roll cut in half lengthwise and containing a variety of ingredients, as meat, cheese, lettuce, and tomatoes. Also implements the spatio-temporal sandwich smoother of French and Kokoszka (2021) <doi:10.1016/j.spasta.2020.100413>.

Implementation of selected high-dimensional statistical and econometric methods for estimation and inference. Efficient estimators and uniformly valid confidence intervals for various low-dimensional causal/ structural parameters are provided which appear in high-dimensional approximately sparse models. Including functions for fitting heteroscedastic robust Lasso regressions with non-Gaussian errors and for instrumental variable (IV) and treatment effect estimation in a high-dimensional setting. Moreover, the methods enable valid post-selection inference and rely on a theoretically grounded, data-driven choice of the penalty. Chernozhukov, Hansen, Spindler (2016) <arXiv:1603.01700>.

Provide functionality to manage, clean and match highfrequency trades and quotes data, calculate various liquidity measures, estimate and forecast volatility, detect price jumps and investigate microstructure noise and intraday periodicity. A detailed vignette can be found in the open-access paper "Analyzing Intraday Financial Data in R: The highfrequency Package" by Boudt, Kleen, and Sjoerup (2022, <doi:10.18637/jss.v104.i08>).

Based on the aggregated shares retained by individual firms or actors within a market or space, the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) measures the level of concentration in a space. This package allows for intuitive and straightforward computation of HHI scores, requiring placement of objects of interest directly into the function. The package also includes a plot function for quick visual display of an HHI time series using any measure of time (year, quarter, month, etc.). For usage, please cite the Journal of Open Source Software paper associated with the package: Waggoner, Philip D. (2018) <doi:10.21105/joss.00828>.

This package provides utilities for encoding and decoding coordinates to/from Hilbert curves based on the iterative encoding implementation described in Chen et al. (2006) <doi:10.1002/spe.793>.

Programmatic interface to the Harmonized World Soil Database HWSD web services (<https://daac.ornl.gov/cgi-bin/dsviewer.pl?ds_id=1247>). Allows for easy downloads of HWSD soil data directly to your R workspace or your computer. Routines for both single pixel data downloads and gridded data are provided.

This package provides a generic function and a set of methods to calculate highest density intervals for a variety of classes of objects which can specify a probability density distribution, including MCMC output, fitted density objects, and functions.

Harriet was Charles Darwin's pet tortoise (possibly). harrietr implements some function to manipulate distance matrices and phylogenetic trees to make it easier to plot with ggplot2 and to manipulate using tidyverse tools.

Statistical analysis of static chamber concentration data for trace gas flux estimation.

This package provides semiparametric sufficient dimension reduction for central mean subspaces for heterogeneous data defined by combinations of binary factors (such as chronic conditions). Subspaces are estimated to be hierarchically nested to respect the structure of subpopulations with overlapping characteristics. This package is an implementation of the proposed methodology of Huling and Yu (2021) <doi:10.1111/biom.13546>.

This package performs genetic association analyses of case-parent triad (trio) data with multiple markers. It can also incorporate complete or incomplete control triads, for instance independent control children. Estimation is based on haplotypes, for instance SNP haplotypes, even though phase is not known from the genetic data. Haplin estimates relative risk (RR + conf.int.) and p-value associated with each haplotype. It uses maximum likelihood estimation to make optimal use of data from triads with missing genotypic data, for instance if some SNPs has not been typed for some individuals. Haplin also allows estimation of effects of maternal haplotypes and parent-of-origin effects, particularly appropriate in perinatal epidemiology. Haplin allows special models, like X-inactivation, to be fitted on the X-chromosome. A GxE analysis allows testing interactions between environment and all estimated genetic effects. The models were originally described in "Gjessing HK and Lie RT. Case-parent triads: Estimating single- and double-dose effects of fetal and maternal disease gene haplotypes. Annals of Human Genetics (2006) 70, pp. 382-396".

Function to identify haplotypes within QTL (Quantitative Trait Loci). One haplotype is a combination of SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) within the QTL. This function groups together all individuals of a population with the same haplotype. Each group contains individual with the same allele in each SNP, whether or not missing data. Thus, haplotyper groups individuals, that to be imputed, have a non-zero probability of having the same alleles in the entire sequence of SNP's. Moreover, haplotyper calculates such probability from relative frequencies.

The half-weight index gregariousness (HWIG) is an association index used in social network analyses. It extends the half-weight association index (HWI), correcting for level of gregariousness in individuals. It is calculated using group by individual data according to methods described in Godde et al. (2013) <doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2012.12.010>.

The hydReng package provides a set of functions for hydraulic engineering tasks and natural hazard assessments. It includes basic hydraulics (wetted area, wetted perimeter, flow, flow velocity, flow depth, and maximum flow) for open channels with arbitrary geometry under uniform flow conditions. For structures such as circular pipes, weirs, and gates, the package includes calculations for pressure flow, backwater depth, and overflow over a weir crest. Additionally, it provides formulas for calculating bedload transport. The formulas used can be found in standard literature on hydraulics, such as Bollrich (2019, ISBN:978-3-410-29169-5) or Hager (2011, ISBN:978-3-642-77430-0).

Import and classify canopy fish-eye images, estimate angular gap fraction and derive canopy attributes like leaf area index and openness. Additional information is provided in the study by Chianucci F., Macek M. (2023) <doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109470>.

The HBV hydrological model (Bergström, S. and Lindström, G., (2015) <doi:10.1002/hyp.10510>) has been split in modules to allow the user to build his/her own model. This version was developed by the author in IANIGLA-CONICET (Instituto Argentino de Nivologia, Glaciologia y Ciencias Ambientales - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas) for hydroclimatic studies in the Andes. HBV.IANIGLA incorporates routines for clean and debris covered glacier melt simulations.

Paternal recombination rate and maternal linkage disequilibrium (LD) are estimated for pairs of biallelic markers such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from progeny genotypes and sire haplotypes. The implementation relies on paternal half-sib families. If maternal half-sib families are used, the roles of sire/dam are swapped. Multiple families can be considered. For parameter estimation, at least one sire has to be double heterozygous at the investigated pairs of SNPs. Based on recombination rates, genetic distances between markers can be estimated. Markers with unusually large recombination rate to markers in close proximity (i.e. putatively misplaced markers) shall be discarded in this derivation. A workflow description is attached as vignette. *A pipeline is available at GitHub* <https://github.com/wittenburg/hsrecombi> Hampel, Teuscher, Gomez-Raya, Doschoris, Wittenburg (2018) "Estimation of recombination rate and maternal linkage disequilibrium in half-sibs" <doi:10.3389/fgene.2018.00186>. Gomez-Raya (2012) "Maximum likelihood estimation of linkage disequilibrium in half-sib families" <doi:10.1534/genetics.111.137521>.

This package provides the posterior estimates of the regression coefficients when horseshoe prior is specified. The regression models considered here are logistic model for binary response and log normal accelerated failure time model for right censored survival response. The linear model analysis is also available for completeness. All models provide deviance information criterion and widely applicable information criterion. See <doi:10.1111/rssc.12377> Maity et. al. (2019) <doi:10.1111/biom.13132> Maity et. al. (2020).

Compute 21 summary measures of health inequality and its corresponding confidence intervals for ordered and non-ordered dimensions using disaggregated data. Measures for ordered dimensions (e.g., Slope Index of Inequality, Absolute Concentration Index) also accept individual and survey data.

In the framework of Symbolic Data Analysis, a relatively new approach to the statistical analysis of multi-valued data, we consider histogram-valued data, i.e., data described by univariate histograms. The methods and the basic statistics for histogram-valued data are mainly based on the L2 Wasserstein metric between distributions, i.e., the Euclidean metric between quantile functions. The package contains unsupervised classification techniques, least square regression and tools for histogram-valued data and for histogram time series. An introducing paper is Irpino A. Verde R. (2015) <doi: 10.1007/s11634-014-0176-4>.