This package contains a number of infix binary operators that may be useful in day to day practices.

Computes and tests individual (species, phylogenetic and functional) diversity-area relationships, i.e., how species-, phylogenetic- and functional-diversity varies with spatial scale around the individuals of some species in a community. See applications of these methods in Wiegand et al. (2007) <doi:10.1073/pnas.0705621104> or Chacon-Labella et al. (2016) <doi:10.1007/s00442-016-3547-z>.

An implementation of the correction methods proposed by Shu and Yi (2017) <doi:10.1177/0962280217743777> for the inverse probability weighted (IPW) estimation of average treatment effect (ATE) with misclassified binary outcomes. Logistic regression model is assumed for treatment model for all implemented correction methods, and is assumed for the outcome model for the implemented doubly robust correction method. Misclassification probability given a true value of the outcome is assumed to be the same for all individuals.

This package provides a lightweight interface to the iNaturalist API (<https://www.inaturalist.org/pages/api+reference>) for downloading observation photos and exporting metadata to CSV. Supports filtering by taxon, place, user, and annotation. Note that downloaded photos retain their original licenses as set by iNaturalist observers; users are responsible for respecting these licenses.

R interface to access the Vocabularies REST API of the ICES (International Council for the Exploration of the Sea) Vocabularies database <https://vocab.ices.dk/services/>.

Collection of functions for quality control (QC) of climatological daily time series (e.g. the ECA&D station data).

An implementation of generalized linear models (GLMs) for studying relationships among attributes in connected populations, where responses of connected units can be dependent, as introduced by Fritz et al. (2025) <doi:10.1080/01621459.2025.2565851>. igml extends GLMs for independent responses to dependent responses and can be used for studying spillover in connected populations and other network-mediated phenomena.

Item response theory (IRT) parameter estimation using marginal maximum likelihood and expectation-maximization algorithm (Bock \& Aitkin, 1981 <doi:10.1007/BF02293801>). Within parameter estimation algorithm, several methods for latent distribution estimation are available. Reflecting some features of the true latent distribution, these latent distribution estimation methods can possibly enhance the estimation accuracy and free the normality assumption on the latent distribution.

This package provides analysis results and trial simulation functions for the I-SPY Acute Respiratory Disease Syndrome trial based on composite ranked outcomes. The composite ranked outcome is a hierarchical outcome where trial participants are ranked first by 28 day mortality, then ventilator days, then by advanced respiratory support days. A Bayesian win probability approach is used for analysis. Trial design options include group sequential looks for safety, superiority, futility, and adjustment of randomization probabilities.

This is the central location for data and tools for the development, maintenance, analysis, and deployment of the International Soil Radiocarbon Database (ISRaD). ISRaD was developed as a collaboration between the U.S. Geological Survey Powell Center and the Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry. This R package provides tools for accessing and manipulating ISRaD data, compiling local data using the ISRaD data structure, and simple query and reporting functions for ISRaD. For more detailed information visit the ISRaD website at: <https://soilradiocarbon.org/>.

We construct the explicit form of clamped cubic interpolating spline (both uniform - knots are equidistant and non-uniform - knots are arbitrary). Using this form, we propose a linear regression model suitable for real data smoothing.

Package for training interpretable machine learning models. Historically, the most interpretable machine learning models were not very accurate, and the most accurate models were not very interpretable. Microsoft Research has developed an algorithm called the Explainable Boosting Machine (EBM) which has both high accuracy and interpretable characteristics. EBM uses machine learning techniques like bagging and boosting to breathe new life into traditional GAMs (Generalized Additive Models). This makes them as accurate as random forests and gradient boosted trees, and also enhances their intelligibility and editability. Details on the EBM algorithm can be found in the paper by Rich Caruana, Yin Lou, Johannes Gehrke, Paul Koch, Marc Sturm, and Noemie Elhadad (2015, <doi:10.1145/2783258.2788613>).

Some basic functions to implement belief functions including: transformation between belief functions using the method introduced by Philippe Smets <arXiv:1304.1122>, evidence combination, evidence discounting, decision-making, and constructing masses. Currently, thirteen combination rules and six decision rules are supported. It can also be used to generate different types of random masses when working on belief combination and conflict management.

This package provides a set of tools to i) identify geographic areas with significant change over time in drug utilization, and ii) characterize common change over time patterns among the time series for multiple geographic areas. For reference, see below: 1. Song, J., Carey, M., Zhu, H., Miao, H., Ram´ırez, J. C., & Wu, H. (2018) <doi:10.1504/IJCBDD.2018.10011910> 2. Wu, S., Wu, H. (2013) <doi:10.1186/1471-2105-14-6> 3. Carey, M., Wu, S., Gan, G. & Wu, H. (2016) <doi:10.1016/j.idm.2016.07.001>.

Implementation of some Individual Based Models (IBMs, sensu Grimm and Railsback 2005) and methods to create new ones, particularly for population dynamics models (reproduction, mortality and movement). The basic operations for the simulations are implemented in Rcpp for speed.

Nonparametric estimation on survival analysis under order-restrictions.

Cluster sampling is a valuable approach when constructing a comprehensive list of individual units is challenging. It provides operational and cost advantages. This package is designed to test the efficiency of cluster sampling in terms cluster variance and design effect in context to crop surveys. This package has been developed using the algorithm of Iqbal et al. (2018) <doi:10.19080/BBOAJ.2018.05.555673>.

Calibration and risk-set calibration methods for fitting Cox proportional hazard model when a binary covariate is measured intermittently. Methods include functions to fit calibration models from interval-censored data and modified partial likelihood for the proportional hazard model, Nevo et al. (2018+) <arXiv:1801.01529>.

Make empirical Bayes incidence curves from reported case data using a specified delay distribution.

Reproducible, programmatic retrieval of datasets from the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research archive.

This package implements Inductive Node-Splitting Cross-Validation (INCV) for selecting the number of communities in stochastic block models. Provides f-fold and random-split node-level cross-validation, along with competing methods including CROISSANT, Edge Cross-Validation (ECV), and Node Cross-Validation (NCV). Supports both SBM and Degree-Corrected Block Models (DCBM), with multiple loss functions (L2, binomial deviance, AUC). Includes network simulation utilities for SBM, RDPG, and latent space models.

Multivariate Expectation-Maximization (EM) based imputation framework that offers several different algorithms. These include regularisation methods like Lasso and Ridge regression, tree-based models and dimensionality reduction methods like PCA and PLS.

Non-parametric resampling-based inference tests for ExPosition.

This package provides an up-to-date version of the InvaCost database (<doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12668570>) in R, and several functions to analyse the costs of invasive alien species (<doi:10.1111/2041-210X.13929>).