Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) data sets by Karlen et al. (2007) <doi:10.1186/1471-2105-8-131>. Provides one single tabular tidy data set in long format, encompassing 32 dilution series, for seven PCR targets and four biological samples. The targeted amplicons are within the murine genes: Cav1, Ccn2, Eln, Fn1, Rpl27, Hspg2, and Serpine1, respectively. Dilution series: scheme 1 (Cav1, Eln, Hspg2, Serpine1): 1-fold, 10-fold, 50-fold, and 100-fold; scheme 2 (Ccn2, Rpl27, Fn1): 1-fold, 10-fold, 50-fold, 100-fold and 1000-fold. For each concentration there are five replicates, except for the 1000-fold concentration, where only two replicates were performed. Each amplification curve is 40 cycles long. Original raw data file is Additional file 2 from "Statistical significance of quantitative PCR" by Y. Karlen, A. McNair, S. Perseguers, C. Mazza, and N. Mermod (2007) <https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1186%2F1471-2105-8-131/MediaObjects/12859_2006_1503_MOESM2_ESM.ZIP>.

Create a kite-square plot for contingency tables using ggplot2', to display their relevant quantities in a single figure (marginal, conditional, expected, observed, chi-squared). The plot resembles a flying kite inside a square if the variables are independent, and deviates from this the more dependence exists.

Implementation of Kmeans clustering algorithm and a supervised KNN (K Nearest Neighbors) learning method. It allows users to perform unsupervised clustering and supervised classification on their datasets. Additional features include data normalization, imputation of missing values, and the choice of distance metric. The package also provides functions to determine the optimal number of clusters for Kmeans and the best k-value for KNN: knn_Function(), find_Knn_best_k(), KMEANS_FUNCTION(), and find_Kmeans_best_k().

Rcpp implementation of the multivariate Kalman filter for state space models that can handle missing values and exogenous data in the observation and state equations. There is also a function to handle time varying parameters. Kim, Chang-Jin and Charles R. Nelson (1999) "State-Space Models with Regime Switching: Classical and Gibbs-Sampling Approaches with Applications" <doi:10.7551/mitpress/6444.001.0001><http://econ.korea.ac.kr/~cjkim/>.

Computes Khattree-Bahuguna's univariate and multivariate skewness, principal-component-based Khattree-Bahuguna's multivariate skewness. It also provides several measures of univariate or multivariate skewnesses including, Pearsonâ s coefficient of skewness, Bowleyâ s univariate skewness and Mardia's multivariate skewness. See Khattree, R. and Bahuguna, M. (2019) <doi: 10.1007/s41060-018-0106-1>.

Analysis of kin-cohort studies. kin.cohort provides estimates of age-specific cumulative risk of a disease for carriers and noncarriers of a mutation. The cohorts are retrospectively built from relatives of probands for whom the genotype is known. Currently the method of moments and marginal maximum likelihood are implemented. Confidence intervals are calculated from bootstrap samples. Most of the code is a translation from previous MATLAB code by N. Chatterjee.

Miscellaneous functions and data used in psychological research and teaching. Keng currently has a built-in dataset depress, and could (1) scale a vector; (2) divide a vector into three groups, (3) compute the cut-off values of Pearson's r with known sample size; (4) test the significance and compute the post-hoc power for Pearson's r with known sample size; (5) conduct a priori power analysis and plan the sample size for Pearson's r; (6) compare lm()'s fitted outputs using R-squared, f_squared, post-hoc power, and PRE (Proportional Reduction in Error, also called partial R-squared or partial Eta-squared); (7) calculate PRE from partial correlation, Cohen's f, or f_squared; (8) conduct a priori power analysis and plan the sample size for one or a set of predictors in regression analysis; (9) conduct post-hoc power analysis for one or a set of predictors in regression analysis with known sample size; (10) randomly pick numbers for Chinese Super Lotto and Double Color Balls; (11) assess course objective achievement in Outcome-Based Education.

Extends RT-QuIC (Real-Time Quaking-Induced Conversion) statistical analysis to complex environmental matrices through hierarchical adaptive classification. KWELA is named after a deity of the Fore people of Papua New Guinea, among whom Kuru, a notable human prion disease, was identified. Implements a 6-layer architecture: hard gate biological constraints, per-well adaptive scoring, separation-aware combination, Youden-optimized cutoffs, replicate consensus, and matrix instability detection. Features dual-mode operation (diagnostic/research), auto-profile selection (Standard/Sensitive/Matrix-Robust), RAF integration for artifact detection, matrix-aware baseline correction, and multiple consensus rules. Methods include energy distance (Szekely and Rizzo (2013) <doi:10.1016/j.jspi.2013.03.018>), CRPS (Gneiting and Raftery (2007) <doi:10.1198/016214506000001437>), SSMD (Zhang (2007) <doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2007.01.005>), and Jensen-Shannon divergence (Lin (1991) <doi:10.1109/18.61115>). This package implements methodology currently under peer review; please contact the author before publication using this approach. Development followed an iterative human-machine collaboration where all algorithmic design, statistical methodologies, and biological validation logic were conceptualized, tested, and iteratively refined by Richard A. Feiss through repeated cycles of running experimental data, evaluating analytical outputs, and selecting among candidate algorithms and approaches. AI systems ('Anthropic Claude and OpenAI GPT') served as coding assistants and analytical sounding boards under continuous human direction. The selection of statistical methods, evaluation of biological plausibility, and all final methodology decisions were made by the human author. AI systems did not independently originate algorithms, statistical approaches, or scientific methodologies.

This package provides tools for estimate (joint) cumulants and (joint) products of cumulants of a random sample using (multivariate) k-statistics and (multivariate) polykays, unbiased estimators with minimum variance. Tools for generating univariate and multivariate Faa di Bruno's formula and related polynomials, such as Bell polynomials, generalized complete Bell polynomials, partition polynomials and generalized partition polynomials. For more details see Di Nardo E., Guarino G., Senato D. (2009) <arXiv:0807.5008>, <arXiv:1012.6008>.

This package provides a high-performance R interface to the kuzu graph database. It uses the reticulate package to wrap the official Python client ('kuzu', pandas', and networkx'), allowing users to interact with kuzu seamlessly from within R'. Key features include managing database connections, executing Cypher queries, and efficiently loading data from R data frames. It also provides seamless integration with the R ecosystem by converting query results directly into popular R data structures, including tibble', igraph', tidygraph', and g6R objects, making kuzu's powerful graph computation capabilities readily available for data analysis and visualization workflows in R'. The kuzu documentation can be found at <https://kuzudb.github.io/docs/>.

Implementation of Discrete Symmetric Optimal Kernel for estimating count data distributions, as described by T. Senga Kiessé and G. Durrieu (2024) <doi:10.1016/j.spl.2024.110078>.The nonparametric estimator using the discrete symmetric optimal kernel was illustrated on simulated data sets and a real-word data set included in the package, in comparison with two other discrete symmetric kernels.

This package provides data for Kaya identity variables (population, gross domestic product, primary energy consumption, and energy-related CO2 emissions) for the world and for individual nations, and utility functions for looking up data, plotting trends of Kaya variables, and plotting the fuel mix for a given country or region. The Kaya identity (Yoichi Kaya and Keiichi Yokobori, "Environment, Energy, and Economy: Strategies for Sustainability" (United Nations University Press, 1998) and <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaya_identity>) expresses a nation's or region's greenhouse gas emissions in terms of its population, per-capita Gross Domestic Product, the energy intensity of its economy, and the carbon-intensity of its energy supply.

This package implements several methods for testing the variance component parameter in regression models that contain kernel-based random effects, including a maximum of adjusted scores test. Several kernels are supported, including a profile hidden Markov model mutual information kernel for protein sequence. This package is described in Fong et al. (2015) <DOI:10.1093/biostatistics/kxu056>.

K Quantiles Medoids (KQM) clustering applies quantiles to divide data of each dimension into K mean intervals. Combining quantiles of all the dimensions of the data and fully permuting quantiles on each dimension is the strategy to determine a pool of candidate initial cluster centers. To find the best initial cluster centers from the pool of candidate initial cluster centers, two methods based on quantile strategy and PAM strategy respectively are proposed. During a clustering process, medoids of clusters are used to update cluster centers in each iteration. Comparison between KQM and the method of randomly selecting initial cluster centers shows that KQM is almost always getting clustering results with smaller total sum squares of distances.

Produce Kaplanâ Meier plots in the style recommended following the KMunicate study by Morris et al. (2019) <doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030215>. The KMunicate style consists of Kaplan-Meier curves with confidence intervals to quantify uncertainty and an extended risk table (per treatment arm) depicting the number of study subjects at risk, events, and censored observations over time. The resulting plots are built using ggplot2 and can be further customised to a certain extent, including themes, fonts, and colour scales.

Prediction with k* nearest neighbor algorithm based on a publication by Anava and Levy (2016) <arXiv:1701.07266>.

Assign and listen to keyboard shortcuts in shiny using the Mousetrap Javascript library.

This package provides a spatial smoothing algorithm based on convolutions of finite rectangular kernels that provides sharp resolution in the presence of high levels of noise.

To test if a tensor time series following a Tucker-decomposition factor model has a Kronecker product structure. Supplementary functions for tensor reshape and its reversal are also included.

Estimation algorithms for Kullback-Leibler divergence between two probability distributions, based on one or two samples, and including uncertainty quantification. Distributions can be uni- or multivariate and continuous, discrete or mixed.

This package provides a multi-purpose and flexible k-meric enrichment analysis software. kmeRtone measures the enrichment of k-mers by comparing the population of k-mers in the case loci with a carefully devised internal negative control group, consisting of k-mers from regions close to, yet sufficiently distant from, the case loci to mitigate any potential sequencing bias. This method effectively captures both the local sequencing variations and broader sequence influences, while also correcting for potential biases, thereby ensuring more accurate analysis. The core functionality of kmeRtone is the SCORE() function, which calculates the susceptibility scores for k-mers in case and control regions. Case regions are defined by the genomic coordinates provided in a file by the user and the control regions can be constructed relative to the case regions or provided directly. The k-meric susceptibility scores are calculated by using a one-proportion z-statistic. kmeRtone is highly flexible by allowing users to also specify their target k-mer patterns and quantify the corresponding k-mer enrichment scores in the context of these patterns, allowing for a more comprehensive approach to understanding the functional implications of specific DNA sequences on a genomic scale (e.g., CT motifs upon UV radiation damage). Adib A. Abdullah, Patrick Pflughaupt, Claudia Feng, Aleksandr B. Sahakyan (2024) Bioinformatics (submitted).

Implementation for kernel functional partial least squares (KFPLS) method. KFPLS method is developed for functional nonlinear models, and the method does not require strict constraints for the nonlinear structures. The crucial function of this package is KFPLS().

Tests the homogeneity of intraclass kappa statistics obtained from independent studies or a stratified study with binary results. It is desired to compare the kappa statistics obtained in multi-center studies or in a single stratified study to give a common or summary kappa using all available information. If the homogeneity test of these kappa statistics is not rejected, then it is possible to make inferences over a single kappa statistic that summarizes all the studies. Muammer Albayrak, Kemal Turhan, Yasemin Yavuz, Zeliha Aydin Kasap (2019) <doi:10.1080/03610918.2018.1538457> Jun-mo Nam (2003) <doi:10.1111/j.0006-341X.2003.00118.x> Jun-mo Nam (2005) <doi:10.1002/sim.2321>Mousumi Banerjee, Michelle Capozzoli, Laura McSweeney,Debajyoti Sinha (1999) <doi:10.2307/3315487> Allan Donner, Michael Eliasziw, Neil Klar (1996) <doi:10.2307/2533154>.

This package provides a novel implementation that solves the linear distance weighted discrimination and the kernel distance weighted discrimination. Reference: Wang and Zou (2018) <doi:10.1111/rssb.12244>.