This package provides a computational tool to describe patterns in black and white images from natural structures. bwimage implemented functions for exceptionally broad subject. For instance, bwimage provide examples that range from calculation of canopy openness, description of patterns in vertical vegetation structure, to patterns in bird nest structure.

Fork-safe, raw access to the Amazon Web Services ('AWS') SDK via the boto3 Python module, and convenient helper functions to query the Simple Storage Service ('S3') and Key Management Service ('KMS'), partial support for IAM', the Systems Manager Parameter Store and Secrets Manager'.

Computes appropriate confidence intervals for the likelihood ratio tests commonly used in medicine/epidemiology, using the method of Marill et al. (2015) <doi:10.1177/0962280215592907>. It is particularly useful when the sensitivity or specificity in the sample is 100%. Note that this does not perform the test on nested models--for that, see epicalc::lrtest'.

Query information and generate badge for using in README and GitHub Pages.

Bayesian Hierarchical beta-binomial models for modeling cell population to predictors/exposures. This package utilizes runjags to run Gibbs sampling, parallelizing the chains. Options for different covariances/relationship structures between parameters of interest.

This package provides a "Shiny"" web application for creating interactive Bayesian Network models, learning the structure and parameters of Bayesian networks, and utilities for classic network analysis.

This package provides functions for behavior genetics analysis, including variance component model identification [Hunter et al. (2021) <doi:10.1007/s10519-021-10055-x>], calculation of relatedness coefficients using path-tracing methods [Wright (1922) <doi:10.1086/279872>; McArdle & McDonald (1984) <doi:10.1111/j.2044-8317.1984.tb00802.x>], inference of relatedness, pedigree conversion, and simulation of multi-generational family data [Lyu et al. (2025) <doi:10.1007/s10519-025-10225-1>]. For a full overview, see [Garrison et al. (2024) <doi:10.21105/joss.06203>]. For a big data application see [Burt et al. (2025) <doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2025.105911>.

Script search, corner, genetic optimization, permutation tests, write expect test.

Enables a user to consume the BambooHR API endpoints using R. The actual URL of the API will depend on your company domain, and will be handled by the package automatically once you setup the config file. The API documentation can be found here <https://documentation.bamboohr.com/docs>.

Bayesian power/type I error calculation and model fitting using the power prior and the normalized power prior for generalized linear models. Detailed examples of applying the package are available at <doi:10.32614/RJ-2023-016>. Models for time-to-event outcomes are implemented in the R package BayesPPDSurv'. The Bayesian clinical trial design methodology is described in Chen et al. (2011) <doi:10.1111/j.1541-0420.2011.01561.x>, and Psioda and Ibrahim (2019) <doi:10.1093/biostatistics/kxy009>. The normalized power prior is described in Duan et al. (2006) <doi:10.1002/env.752> and Ibrahim et al. (2015) <doi:10.1002/sim.6728>.

Bayesian Additive Regression Kernels (BARK) provides an implementation for non-parametric function estimation using Levy Random Field priors for functions that may be represented as a sum of additive multivariate kernels. Kernels are located at every data point as in Support Vector Machines, however, coefficients may be heavily shrunk to zero under the Cauchy process prior, or even, set to zero. The number of active features is controlled by priors on precision parameters within the kernels, permitting feature selection. For more details see Ouyang, Z (2008) "Bayesian Additive Regression Kernels", Duke University. PhD dissertation, Chapter 3 and Wolpert, R. L, Clyde, M.A, and Tu, C. (2011) "Stochastic Expansions with Continuous Dictionaries Levy Adaptive Regression Kernels, Annals of Statistics Vol (39) pages 1916-1962 <doi:10.1214/11-AOS889>.

This package provides functions for creating, modifying, and displaying bitmaps including printing them in the terminal. There is a special emphasis on monochrome bitmap fonts and their glyphs as well as colored pixel art/sprites. Provides native read/write support for the hex and yaff bitmap font formats and if monobit <https://github.com/robhagemans/monobit> is installed can also read/write several additional bitmap font formats.

Calculates the prices of European options based on the universal solution provided by Bakshi, Cao and Chen (1997) <doi:10.1111/j.1540-6261.1997.tb02749.x>. This solution considers stochastic volatility, stochastic interest and random jumps. Please cite their work if this package is used.

This package implements bidirectional two-stage least squares (Bi-TSLS) estimation for identifying bidirectional causal effects between two variables in the presence of unmeasured confounding. The method uses proxy variables (negative control exposure and outcome) along with at least one covariate to handle confounding.

Supervised learning using Boltzmann Bayes model inference, which extends naive Bayes model to include interactions. Enables classification of data into multiple response groups based on a large number of discrete predictors that can take factor values of heterogeneous levels. Either pseudo-likelihood or mean field inference can be used with L2 regularization, cross-validation, and prediction on new data. <doi:10.18637/jss.v101.i05>.

Includes modern base-R functions. Functions beginning with p_ are wrapper functions for existing base-R functions, supporting native piping. Other functions are wrapper functions for core base-R features, including bracket notation and dollar-sign notation. base_match() and base_when() mimic case_match() and case_when() from dplyr but return a factor by default with levels ordered according to user input. et() mimics count() from dplyr'.

Computation of large covariance matrices having a block structure up to a permutation of their columns and rows from a small number of samples with respect to the dimension of the matrix. The method is described in the paper Perrot-Dockès et al. (2019) <arXiv:1806.10093>.

It computes betas-select, coefficients after standardization in structural equation models and regression models, standardizing only selected variables. Supports models with moderation, with product terms formed after standardization. It also offers confidence intervals that account for standardization, including bootstrap confidence intervals as proposed by Cheung et al. (2022) <doi:10.1037/hea0001188>. An introduction to the package can be found in Sun et al. (2026) <doi:10.1080/00273171.2026.2672692>.

Easy-to-use, efficient, flexible and scalable tools for analyzing massive SNP arrays. Privé et al. (2018) <doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/bty185>.

Generates confidence intervals for standardized regression coefficients using delta method standard errors for models fitted by lm() as described in Yuan and Chan (2011) <doi:10.1007/s11336-011-9224-6> and Jones and Waller (2015) <doi:10.1007/s11336-013-9380-y>. The package can also be used to generate confidence intervals for differences of standardized regression coefficients and as a general approach to performing the delta method. A description of the package and code examples are presented in Pesigan, Sun, and Cheung (2023) <doi:10.1080/00273171.2023.2201277>.

Geographically referenced data and statistics of nighttime lights from NASA Black Marble <https://blackmarble.gsfc.nasa.gov/>.

Approximate Euclidean k-nearest neighbour search routines that operate on bigmemory::big.matrix data through Annoy indexes created with RcppAnnoy'. The package builds persistent on-disk indexes plus sidecar metadata from streamed big.matrix rows, supports euclidean, angular, Manhattan, and dot-product Annoy metrics, and can either return in-memory results or stream neighbour indices and distances into destination bigmemory matrices. Explicit index life cycle helpers, stronger metadata validation, descriptor-aware file-backed workflows, and benchmark helpers are also included.

Fit computational and measurement models using full Bayesian inference. The package provides a simple and accessible interface by translating complex domain-specific models into brms syntax, a powerful and flexible framework for fitting Bayesian regression models using Stan'. The package is designed so that users can easily apply state-of-the-art models in various research fields, and so that researchers can use it as a new model development framework. References: Frischkorn and Popov (2025) <doi:10.3758/s13428-025-02643-0>.

In ancient Chinese mythology, Bai Ze is a divine creature that knows the needs of everything. baizer provides data processing functions frequently used by the author. Hope this package also knows what you want!