Four measures of linkage disequilibrium are provided: the usual r^2 measure, the r^2_S measure (r^2 corrected by the structure sample), the r^2_V (r^2 corrected by the relatedness of genotyped individuals), the r^2_VS measure (r^2 corrected by both the relatedness of genotyped individuals and the structure of the sample).

Fit relationship-based and customized mixed-effects models with complex variance-covariance structures using the lme4 machinery. The core computational algorithms are implemented using the Eigen C++ library for numerical linear algebra and RcppEigen glue'.

This package provides a single analysis path that includes distance-based ordination, global tests of any effect of the microbiome, and tests of the effects of individual taxa with false-discovery-rate (FDR) control. It accommodates both continuous and discrete covariates as well as interaction terms to be tested either singly or in combination, allows for adjustment of confounding covariates, and uses permutation-based p-values that can control for sample correlations. It can be applied to transformed data, and an omnibus test can combine results from analyses conducted on different transformation scales. It can also be used for testing presence-absence associations based on infinite number of rarefaction replicates, testing mediation effects of the microbiome, analyzing censored time-to-event outcomes, and for compositional analysis by fitting linear models to centered-log-ratio taxa count data.

This package provides missing data imputation through two complementary engines: a large language model engine that communicates with the Anthropic Claude application programming interface for context-aware semantic imputation, and a fully self-contained offline engine implementing nineteen statistical and machine learning algorithms entirely in base R with no additional package dependencies. Offline methods include mean, median, mode, last observation carried forward, next observation carried backward, hot-deck, predictive mean matching, k-nearest neighbours, ordinary least-squares regression, Lasso with coordinate descent, Ridge with closed-form solution, Bayesian Ridge regression with evidence approximation following MacKay (1992), support vector regression with a radial basis function kernel, classification and regression trees, random forests, gradient boosting, iterative random forest imputation, principal component analysis imputation via iterative singular value decomposition, and nuclear-norm minimisation via singular value thresholding. When no API key is available the package automatically falls back to the offline engine, ensuring full operation in environments without internet access. Every imputed value is accompanied by a confidence score and a plain-language reasoning string, producing reproducible audit trails. The automatic method selector chooses the best algorithm per column based on data type, skewness, missingness rate, and inter-column correlations.

Simulates categorical maps on actual geographical realms, starting from either empty landscapes or landscapes provided by the user (e.g. land use maps). Allows to tweak or create landscapes while retaining a high degree of control on its features, without the hassle of specifying each location attribute. In this it differs from other tools which generate null or neutral landscapes in a theoretical space. The basic algorithm currently implemented uses a simple agent style/cellular automata growth model, with no rules (apart from areas of exclusion) and von Neumann neighbourhood (four cells, aka Rook case). Outputs are raster dataset exportable to any common GIS format.

Alternate font rendering is useful when rendering text to novel graphics outputs where modern font rendering is not available or where bespoke text positioning is required. Bitmap and vector fonts allow for custom layout and rendering using pixel coordinates and line drawing. Formatted text is created as a data.frame of pixel coordinates (for bitmap fonts) or stroke coordinates (for vector fonts). All text can be easily previewed as a matrix or raster image. A selection of fonts is included with this package.

Bayesian model averaging (BMA) algorithms for univariate link latent Gaussian models (ULLGMs). For detailed information, refer to Steel M.F.J. & Zens G. (2024) "Model Uncertainty in Latent Gaussian Models with Univariate Link Function" <doi:10.48550/arXiv.2406.17318>. The package supports various g-priors and a beta-binomial prior on the model space. It also includes auxiliary functions for visualizing and tabulating BMA results. Currently, it offers an out-of-the-box solution for model averaging of Poisson log-normal (PLN) and binomial logistic-normal (BiL) models. The codebase is designed to be easily extendable to other likelihoods, priors, and link functions.

Various opportunities to evaluate the effects of including one or more control variable(s) in structural equation models onto model-implied variances, covariances, and parameter estimates. The derivation of the methodology employed in this package can be obtained from Blötner (2023) <doi:10.31234/osf.io/dy79z>.

Nonparametric methods for landmark prediction of long-term survival outcomes, incorporating covariate and short-term event information. The package supports the construction of flexible varying-coefficient models that use discrete covariates, as well as multiple continuous covariates. The goal is to improve prediction accuracy when censored short-term events are available as predictors, using robust nonparametric procedures that do not require correct model specification and avoid restrictive parametric assumptions found in alternative methods. More information on these methods can be found in Parast et al. 2012 <doi:10.1080/01621459.2012.721281>, Parast et al. 2011 <doi:10.1002/bimj.201000150>, and Parast and Cai 2013 <doi:10.1002/sim.5776>. A tutorial for this package is available here: <https://www.laylaparast.com/landpred>.

Estimate covariance matrices that contain low rank and sparse components.

In addition to modeling the expectation (location) of an outcome, mixed effects location scale models (MELSMs) include submodels on the variance components (scales) directly. This allows models on the within-group variance with mixed effects, and between-group variances with fixed effects. The MELSM can be used to model volatility, intraindividual variance, uncertainty, measurement error variance, and more. Multivariate MELSMs (MMELSMs) extend the model to include multiple correlated outcomes, and therefore multiple locations and scales. The latent multivariate MELSM (LMMELSM) further includes multiple correlated latent variables as outcomes. This package implements two-level mixed effects location scale models on multiple observed or latent outcomes, and between-group variance modeling. Williams, Martin, Liu, and Rast (2020) <doi:10.1027/1015-5759/a000624>. Hedeker, Mermelstein, and Demirtas (2008) <doi:10.1111/j.1541-0420.2007.00924.x>.

Identifying latent genetic interactions in genome-wide association studies using the Latent Interaction Testing (LIT) framework. LIT is a flexible kernel-based approach that leverages information across multiple traits to detect latent genetic interactions without specifying or observing the interacting variable (e.g., environment). LIT accepts standard PLINK files as inputs to analyze large genome-wide association studies.

This package provides a bootstrap proportion test for Brand Lift Testing to quantify the effectiveness of online advertising. Methods of the bootstrap proportion test are presented in Liu, Yu, Mao, Wu, Dyer (2023) <doi:10.1145/3583780.3615021>.

Resolves ambiguous links between data.frames using large language models (LLMs). Supports matching across spelling variations, translations, and differing levels of precision.

This package implements Expectation/Conditional Maximization Either (ECME), rapidly converging algorithms, and Bayesian inference for linear mixed models following Schafer (1998), "Some Improved Procedures for Linear Mixed Models", Department of Statistics, The Pennsylvania State University.

This package provides functions and tools for using open GIS and remote sensing command-line interfaces in a reproducible environment.

Local Polynomial Regression with Ridging.

Converts output from latent variable model tools into publication-ready path diagrams and model schematics. lavaan fit objects and parameter tables are supported as a primary workflow, with graph adapters for objects from blavaan', lavaan.mi', semPlot', mirt', eRm', OpenMx', psych', poLCA', mclust', flexmix', lcmm', tidyLPA', and MplusAutomation workflows when those packages are available. Supports structural equation and confirmatory factor analysis diagrams, multilevel structural equation models, growth models, higher-order factor models, latent class and profile models, item response theory models, and common mixture outputs through a unified graph grammar with model-aware defaults, geometry diagnostics, layout quality scoring, automatic layout selection, customizable publication styles, RStudio preview, SVG/PDF/PNG export, TikZ output, and reproducible publication bundles. A local Shiny editor supports mouse dragging of nodes and coefficient labels, synchronized figure downloads, and reusable editing state.

This package provides a variety of ordination and community analyses useful in analysis of data sets in community ecology. Includes many of the common ordination methods, with graphical routines to facilitate their interpretation, as well as several novel analyses.

This package provides tools for creating and using lenses to simplify data manipulation. Lenses are composable getter/setter pairs for working with data in a purely functional way. Inspired by the Haskell library lens (Kmett, 2012) <https://hackage.haskell.org/package/lens>. For a fairly comprehensive (and highly technical) history of lenses please see the lens wiki <https://github.com/ekmett/lens/wiki/History-of-Lenses>.

Effectively simulates the discretization process inherent to Likert scales while minimizing distortion. It converts continuous latent variables into ordinal categories to generate Likert scale item responses. Particularly useful for accurately modeling and analyzing survey data that use Likert scales, especially when applying statistical techniques that require metric data.

The Bayesian estimation of mixture models (and more general hidden Markov models) suffers from the label switching phenomenon, making the MCMC output non-identifiable. This package can be used in order to deal with this problem using various relabelling algorithms.

Shared, dependency-light primitives for landscape-genetic network methods: a lightweight deme/landscape graph (vertex coordinates and an undirected edge list) with constructors from coordinates; genetic covariance and distance from biallelic or multiallelic data (the Yang-style normalized-dosage covariance and the Dyer-style multivariate covariance); and antisymmetric per-edge directional covariate builders (the gradient of a scalar potential, and the projection of a vector flow field). Used by terradish (symmetric resistance). No compiled code.

This package provides a bridge between the loon and ggplot2 packages. Extends the grammar of ggplot to add clauses to create interactive loon plots. Existing ggplot(s) can be turned into interactive loon plots and loon plots into static ggplot(s); the function loon.ggplot() is the bridge from one plot structure to the other.