This package performs parametric and non-parametric estimation and simulation for multi-state discrete-time semi-Markov processes. For the parametric estimation, several discrete distributions are considered for the sojourn times: Uniform, Geometric, Poisson, Discrete Weibull and Negative Binomial. The non-parametric estimation concerns the sojourn time distributions, where no assumptions are done on the shape of distributions. Moreover, the estimation can be done on the basis of one or several sample paths, with or without censoring at the beginning or/and at the end of the sample paths. Reliability indicators such as reliability, maintainability, availability, BMP-failure rate, RG-failure rate, mean time to failure and mean time to repair are available as well. The implemented methods are described in Barbu, V.S., Limnios, N. (2008) <doi:10.1007/978-0-387-73173-5>, Barbu, V.S., Limnios, N. (2008) <doi:10.1080/10485250701261913> and Trevezas, S., Limnios, N. (2011) <doi:10.1080/10485252.2011.555543>. Estimation and simulation of discrete-time k-th order Markov chains are also considered.

This package provides functions for calculating species richness for rarefaction and extrapolation, primarily non-parametric species richness such as jackknife, Chao1, and ACE. Also available are functions for plotting species richness and extrapolation curves, and computing standard diversity and entropy indices.

Read CODAR's SeaSonde High-Frequency Radar spectra files, compute radial metrics, and generate plots for spectra and antenna pattern data. Implementation is based in technical manuals, publications and patents, please refer to the following documents for more information: Barrick and Lipa (1999) <https://codar.com/images/about/patents/05990834.PDF>; CODAR Ocean Sensors (2002) <http://support.codar.com/Technicians_Information_Page_for_SeaSondes/Docs/Informative/FirstOrder_Settings.pdf>; Lipa et al. (2006) <doi:10.1109/joe.2006.886104>; Paolo et al. (2007) <doi:10.1109/oceans.2007.4449265>; CODAR Ocean Sensors (2009a) <http://support.codar.com/Technicians_Information_Page_for_SeaSondes/Docs/GuidesToFileFormats/File_AntennaPattern.pdf>; CODAR Ocean Sensors (2009b) <http://support.codar.com/Technicians_Information_Page_for_SeaSondes/Docs/GuidesToFileFormats/File_CrossSpectraReduced.pdf>; CODAR Ocean Sensors (2016a) <http://support.codar.com/Technicians_Information_Page_for_SeaSondes/Manuals_Documentation_Release_8/File_Formats/File_Cross_Spectra_V6.pdf>; CODAR Ocean Sensors (2016b) <http://support.codar.com/Technicians_Information_Page_for_SeaSondes/Manuals_Documentation_Release_8/File_Formats/FIle_Reduced_Spectra.pdf>; CODAR Ocean Sensors (2016c) <http://support.codar.com/Technicians_Information_Page_for_SeaSondes/Manuals_Documentation_Release_8/Application_Guides/Guide_SpectraPlotterMap.pdf>; Bushnell and Worthington (2022) <doi:10.25923/4c5x-g538>.

Compute relative or absolute population trends across space and time using predictions from models fitted to ecological population abundance data, as described in Knape (2025) <doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113435>. The package supports models fitted by mgcv or brms', and draws from posterior predictive distributions.

Plots survival models from the survival package. Additionally, it plots curves of multistate models from the mstate package. Typically, a plot is drawn by the sequence survplot(), confIntArea(), survCurve() and nrAtRisk(). The separation of the plot in this 4 functions allows for great flexibility to make a custom plot for publication.

This package implements the methodological developments found in Hermes, van Heerwaarden, and Behrouzi (2025) <doi:10.48550/arXiv.2407.10846>, and allows for the statistical modeling of multi-group rank data in combination with object variables. The package also allows for the simulation of synthetic multi-group rank data.

This package provides a suite of functions that allow a full, fast, and efficient Bayesian treatment of the Bradley--Terry model. Prior assumptions about the model parameters can be encoded through a multivariate normal prior distribution. Inference is performed using a latent variable representation of the model.

This package provides a tool to interactively explore the embeddings created by dimension reduction methods such as Principal Components Analysis (PCA), Multidimensional Scaling (MDS), T-distributed Stochastic Neighbour Embedding (t-SNE), Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) or any other.

Practitioners of Bayesian statistics often use Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) samplers to sample from a posterior distribution. This package determines whether the MCMC sample is large enough to yield reliable estimates of the target distribution. In particular, this calculates a Gelman-Rubin convergence diagnostic using stable and consistent estimators of Monte Carlo variance. Additionally, this uses the connection between an MCMC sample's effective sample size and the Gelman-Rubin diagnostic to produce a threshold for terminating MCMC simulation. Finally, this informs the user whether enough samples have been collected and (if necessary) estimates the number of samples needed for a desired level of accuracy. The theory underlying these methods can be found in "Revisiting the Gelman-Rubin Diagnostic" by Vats and Knudson (2018) <arXiv:1812:09384>.

This package provides a user-friendly framework for estimating a wide variety of cross-sectional and panel stochastic frontier models. Suitable for a broad range of applications, the implementation offers extensive flexibility in specification and estimation techniques.

This package provides estimation of Bayesian vector autoregression (BVAR) models with steady-state priors via Stan', along with functions for unconditional and conditional forecasting, as well as impulse response analysis. For details on the steady-state BVAR model see Villani (2009) <doi:10.1002/jae.1065>.

Print function signatures and find overly complicated code.

Machine learning provides algorithms that can learn from data and make inferences or predictions. Stochastic automata is a class of input/output devices which can model components. This work provides implementation an inference algorithm for stochastic automata which is similar to the Viterbi algorithm. Moreover, we specify a learning algorithm using the expectation-maximization technique and provide a more efficient implementation of the Baum-Welch algorithm for stochastic automata. This work is based on Inference and learning in stochastic automata was by Karl-Heinz Zimmermann(2017) <doi:10.12732/ijpam.v115i3.15>.

This package provides a programmatic interface to <http://sp2000.org.cn>, re-written based on an accompanying Species 2000 API. Access tables describing catalogue of the Chinese known species of animals, plants, fungi, micro-organisms, and more. This package also supports access to catalogue of life global <http://catalogueoflife.org>, China animal scientific database <http://zoology.especies.cn> and catalogue of life Taiwan <https://taibnet.sinica.edu.tw/home_eng.php>. The development of SP2000 package were supported by Biodiversity Survey and Assessment Project of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, China <2019HJ2096001006>,Yunnan University's "Double First Class" Project <C176240405> and Yunnan University's Research Innovation Fund for Graduate Students <2019227>.

During the preparation of data set(s) one usually performs some sanity checks. The idea is that irrespective of where the checks are performed, they are centralized by this package in order to list all at once with examples if a check failed.

Estimation of robust estimators for multi-group and spatial data including the casewise robust Spatially Smoothed Minimum Regularized Determinant (ssMRCD) estimator and its usage for local outlier detection as described in Puchhammer and Filzmoser (2023) <doi:10.1080/10618600.2023.2277875> as well as for sparse robust PCA for multi-source data described in Puchhammer, Wilms and Filzmoser (2024) <doi:10.48550/arXiv.2407.16299>. Moreover, a cellwise robust multi-group Gaussian mixture model (MG-GMM) is implemented as described in Puchhammer, Wilms and Filzmoser (2024) <doi:10.48550/arXiv.2504.02547>. Included are also complementary visualization and parameter tuning tools.

This package provides utilities for conducting specification curve analyses (Simonsohn, Simmons & Nelson (2020, <doi: 10.1038/s41562-020-0912-z>) or multiverse analyses (Steegen, Tuerlinckx, Gelman & Vanpaemel, 2016, <doi: 10.1177/1745691616658637>) including functions to setup, run, evaluate, and plot all specifications.

This package provides functions for evaluating the stability of low-dimensional embeddings and cluster assignments in singleâ cell RNA sequencing (scRNAâ seq) datasets. Starting from a principal component analysis (PCA) object, users can generate multiple replicates of tâ Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (tâ SNE) or Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) embeddings. Embedding stability is quantified by computing pairwise Kendallâ s Tau correlations across replicates and summarizing the distribution of correlation coefficients. In addition to dimensionality reduction, scStability assesses clustering consistency using either Louvain or Leiden algorithms and calculating the Normalized Mutual Information (NMI) between all pairs of cluster assignments. For background on UMAP and t-SNE algorithms, see McInnes et al. (2020, <doi:10.21105/joss.00861>) and van der Maaten & Hinton (2008, <https://github.com/lvdmaaten/bhtsne>), respectively.

Calculate and compare lower confidence bounds for binomial series system reliability. The R shiny application, launched by the function launch_app(), weaves together a workflow of customized simulations and delta coverage calculations to output recommended lower confidence bound methods.

By calling the SimpleTex <https://simpletex.cn/> open API implements text and mathematical formula recognition on the image, and the output formula can be used directly with Markdown and LaTeX'.

This package provides a framework for extracting semantic motifs around entities in textual data. It implements an entity-centered semantic grammar that distinguishes six classes of motifs: actions of an entity, treatments of an entity, agents acting upon an entity, patients acted upon by an entity, characterizations of an entity, and possessions of an entity. Motifs are identified by applying a set of extraction rules to a parsed text object that includes part-of-speech tags and dependency annotations - such as those generated by spacyr'. For further reference, see: Stuhler (2022) <doi: 10.1177/00491241221099551>.

This package implements Multivariate ANalysis Of VAriance (MANOVA) parameters inference and test with regularization for semicontinuous high-dimensional data. The method can be applied also in presence of low-dimensional data. The p-value can be obtained through asymptotic distribution or using a permutation procedure. The package gives also the possibility to simulate this type of data. Method is described in Elena Sabbioni, Claudio Agostinelli and Alessio Farcomeni (2025) A regularized MANOVA test for semicontinuous high-dimensional data. Biometrical Journal, 67:e70054. DOI <doi:10.1002/bimj.70054>, arXiv DOI <doi:10.48550/arXiv.2401.04036>.

An R wrapper for pulling data from the Spotify Web API <https://developer.spotify.com/documentation/web-api/> in bulk, or post items on a Spotify user's playlist.

Survival analysis using a flexible Bayesian model for individual-level right-censored data, optionally combined with aggregate data on counts of survivors in different periods of time. An M-spline is used to describe the hazard function, with a prior on the coefficients that controls over-fitting. Proportional hazards or flexible non-proportional hazards models can be used to relate survival to predictors. Additive hazards (relative survival) models, waning treatment effects, and mixture cure models are also supported. Priors can be customised and calibrated to substantive beliefs. Posterior distributions are estimated using Stan', and outputs are arranged in a tidy format. See Jackson (2023) <doi:10.1186/s12874-023-02094-1>.