Python is a remarkably powerful dynamic programming language that is used in a wide variety of application domains. Some of its key distinguishing features include: clear, readable syntax; strong introspection capabilities; intuitive object orientation; natural expression of procedural code; full modularity, supporting hierarchical packages; exception-based error handling; and very high level dynamic data types.

NumPy is the fundamental package for scientific computing with Python. It contains among other things: a powerful N-dimensional array object, sophisticated (broadcasting) functions, tools for integrating C/C++ and Fortran code, useful linear algebra, Fourier transform, and random number capabilities.

Pytest is a testing tool that provides auto-discovery of test modules and functions, detailed info on failing assert statements, modular fixtures, and many external plugins.

rpy2 is a redesign and rewrite of rpy. It is providing a low-level interface to R from Python, a proposed high-level interface, including wrappers to graphical libraries, as well as R-like structures and functions.

Six is a Python 2 and 3 compatibility library. It provides utility functions for smoothing over the differences between the Python versions with the goal of writing Python code that is compatible on both Python versions.

Py is a Python library for file name parsing, .ini file parsing, I/O, code introspection, and logging.

Pysam is a Python module for reading and manipulating files in the SAM/BAM format. Pysam is a lightweight wrapper of the SAMtools C API. It also includes an interface for tabix.

Unittest2 is a replacement for the unittest module in the Python standard library.

The Python Imaging Library adds image processing capabilities to your Python interpreter. This library provides extensive file format support, an efficient internal representation, and fairly powerful image processing capabilities. The core image library is designed for fast access to data stored in a few basic pixel formats. It should provide a solid foundation for a general image processing tool.

This Python library provides functions for converting between Julian dates and Gregorian dates.

Pyro is a Distributed Object Technology system written in Python that is designed to be easy to use. It resembles Java's Remote Method Invocation (RMI). It has less similarity to CORBA, which is a system and language independent Distributed Object Technology and has much more to offer than Pyro or RMI. Pyro 3.x is no longer maintained. New projects should use Pyro4 instead, which is the new Pyro version that is actively developed.

Pluggy is an extraction of the plugin manager as used by Pytest but stripped of Pytest specific details.

This package provides chardet, a Python module that can automatically detect a wide range of file encodings.

This module is primarily a backport of the Python 3.2 contextlib to earlier Python versions. Like contextlib, it provides utilities for common tasks involving decorators and context managers. It also contains additional features that are not part of the standard library.

ScientificPython is a collection of Python modules that are useful for scientific computing. Most modules are rather general (Geometry, physical units, automatic derivatives, ...) whereas others are more domain-specific (e.g. netCDF and PDB support). The library is currently not actively maintained and works only with Python 2 and NumPy < 1.9.

Mock is a library for testing in Python. It allows you to replace parts of your system under test with mock objects and make assertions about how they have been used. This library is now part of Python (since Python 3.3), available via the unittest.mock module.

This package provides an implementation of importlib.resources for older versions of Python.

Enum34 is the new Python stdlib enum module available in Python 3.4 backported for previous versions of Python from 2.4 to 3.3.

Pycairo is a set of Python bindings for the Cairo graphics library.

Python bindings for GLib, GObject, and GIO.

Directory iteration function like os.listdir(), except that instead of returning a list of bare filenames, it yields DirEntry objects that include file type and stat information along with the name. Using scandir() increases the speed of os.walk() by 2-20 times (depending on the platform and file system) by avoiding unnecessary calls to os.stat() in most cases.

This package is part of the Python standard library since version 3.5.

Six is a Python 2 and 3 compatibility library. It provides utility functions for smoothing over the differences between the Python versions with the goal of writing Python code that is compatible on both Python versions. Six supports every Python version since 2.5. It is contained in only one Python file, so it can be easily copied into your project.

This package provides a pathlib-compatible Zipfile object wrapper. It provides a backport of the Path object.

Coverage measures code coverage, typically during test execution. It uses the code analysis tools and tracing hooks provided in the Python standard library to determine which lines are executable, and which have been executed.