This package provides a comprehensive set of wrapper functions for the analysis of multiplex metabarcode data. It includes robust wrappers for Cutadapt and DADA2 to trim primers, filter reads, perform amplicon sequence variant (ASV) inference, and assign taxonomy. The package can handle single metabarcode datasets, datasets with two pooled metabarcodes, or multiple datasets simultaneously. The final output is a matrix per metabarcode, containing both ASV abundance data and associated taxonomic assignments. An optional function converts these matrices into phyloseq and taxmap objects. For more information on DADA2', including information on how DADA2 infers samples sequences, see Callahan et al. (2016) <doi:10.1038/nmeth.3869>. For more details on the demulticoder R package see Sudermann et al. (2025) <doi:10.1094/PHYTO-02-25-0043-FI>.

For a given graph containing vertices, edges, and a signal associated with the vertices, the PathwaySpace package performs a convolution operation, which involves a weighted combination of neighboring vertices and their associated signals. The package uses a decay function to project these signals, creating geodesic paths on a 2D-image space. PathwaySpace has various applications, such as visualizing network data in a graphical format that highlights the relationships and signal strengths between vertices. By combining graph theory, signal processing, and visualization, PathwaySpace provides a way of representing graph data on a continuous projection space. Based on methods introduced in Tercan et al. (2025) <doi:10.1016/j.xpro.2025.103681> and Ellrott et al. (2025) <doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2024.12.002>.

This package provides a simulator for reticulate evolution under a birth-death-hybridization process. Here the birth-death process is extended to consider reticulate Evolution by allowing hybridization events to occur. The general purpose simulator allows the modeling of three different reticulate patterns: lineage generative hybridization, lineage neutral hybridization, and lineage degenerative hybridization. Users can also specify hybridization events to be dependent on a trait value or genetic distance. We also extend some phylogenetic tree utility and plotting functions for networks. We allow two different stopping conditions: simulated to a fixed time or number of taxa. When simulating to a fixed number of taxa, the user can simulate under the Generalized Sampling Approach that properly simulates phylogenies when assuming a uniform prior on the root age.

Maximum-likelihood estimation of beta regression models for responses derived from bounded rating scales. Observations are treated as interval-censored on (0, 1) after a scale-to-unit transformation, and the likelihood is built from the difference of the beta CDF at the interval endpoints. The complete likelihood supports mixed censoring types: uncensored, left-censored, right-censored, and interval-censored observations. Both fixed- and variable-dispersion submodels are supported, with flexible link functions for the mean and precision components. A compiled C++ backend (via Rcpp and RcppArmadillo') provides numerically stable, high-performance log-likelihood evaluation. Standard S3 methods (print(), summary(), coef(), fitted(), residuals(), predict(), plot(), confint(), vcov(), logLik(), AIC(), BIC()) are available for fitted objects.

Fast, flexible and user-friendly tools for distribution comparison through direct density ratio estimation. The estimated density ratio can be used for covariate shift adjustment, outlier-detection, change-point detection, classification and evaluation of synthetic data quality. The package implements multiple non-parametric estimation techniques (unconstrained least-squares importance fitting, ulsif(), Kullback-Leibler importance estimation procedure, kliep(), spectral density ratio estimation, spectral(), kernel mean matching, kmm(), and least-squares hetero-distributional subspace search, lhss()). with automatic tuning of hyperparameters. Helper functions are available for two-sample testing and visualizing the density ratios. For an overview on density ratio estimation, see Sugiyama et al. (2012) <doi:10.1017/CBO9781139035613> for a general overview, and the help files for references on the specific estimation techniques.

This package provides R with the Glottolog database <https://glottolog.org/> and some more abilities for purposes of linguistic mapping. The Glottolog database contains the catalogue of languages of the world. This package helps researchers to make a linguistic maps, using philosophy of the Cross-Linguistic Linked Data project <https://clld.org/>, which allows for while at the same time facilitating uniform access to the data across publications. A tutorial for this package is available on GitHub pages <https://docs.ropensci.org/lingtypology/> and package vignette. Maps created by this package can be used both for the investigation and linguistic teaching. In addition, package provides an ability to download data from typological databases such as WALS, AUTOTYP and some others and to create your own database website.

We propose a consistent monitoring procedure to detect a structural change from a cointegrating relationship to a spurious relationship. The procedure is based on residuals from modified least squares estimation, using either Fully Modified, Dynamic or Integrated Modified OLS. It is inspired by Chu et al. (1996) <DOI:10.2307/2171955> in that it is based on parameter estimation on a pre-break "calibration" period only, rather than being based on sequential estimation over the full sample. See the discussion paper <DOI:10.2139/ssrn.2624657> for further information. This package provides the monitoring procedures for both the cointegration and the stationarity case (while the latter is just a special case of the former one) as well as printing and plotting methods for a clear presentation of the results.

An implementation of ggplot2'-methods to present the composition of Solvency II Solvency Capital Requirement (SCR) as a series of concentric circle-parts. Solvency II (Solvency 2) is European insurance legislation, coming in force by the delegated acts of October 10, 2014. <https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=OJ%3AL%3A2015%3A012%3ATOC>. Additional files, defining the structure of the Standard Formula (SF) method of the SCR-calculation are provided. The structure files can be adopted for localization or for insurance companies who use Internal Models (IM). Options are available for combining smaller components, horizontal and vertical scaling, rotation, and plotting only some circle-parts. With outlines and connectors several SCR-compositions can be compared, for example in ORSA-scenarios (Own Risk and Solvency Assessment).

Computes the Conover-Iman test (1979) for stochastic superiority and reports the results among multiple pairwise comparisons after a Kruskal-Wallis omnibus test for stochastic superiority among k groups (Kruskal and Wallis, 1952). conover.test makes k(k-1)/2 multiple pairwise comparisons based on Conover-Iman t-test-statistic of the rank differences. The null hypothesis for each pairwise comparison is that the probability of observing a randomly selected value from the first group that is larger than a randomly selected value from the second group equals one half; this null hypothesis corresponds to that of the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney rank-sum test. conover.test accounts for tied ranks. The Conover-Iman test is strictly valid if and only if the corresponding Kruskal-Wallis null hypothesis is rejected.

This package provides a simple informative powerful test (mvnTest()) for multivariate normality proposed by Zhou and Shao (2014) <doi:10.1080/02664763.2013.839637>, which combines kurtosis with Shapiro-Wilk test that is easy for biomedical researchers to understand and easy to implement in all dimensions. This package also contains some other multivariate normality tests including Fattorini's FA test (faTest()), Mardia's skewness and kurtosis test (mardia()), Henze-Zirkler's test (mhz()), Bowman and Shenton's test (msk()), Roystonâ s H test (msw()), and Villasenor-Alva and Gonzalez-Estrada's test (msw()). Empirical power calculation functions for these tests are also provided. In addition, this package includes some functions to generate several types of multivariate distributions mentioned in Zhou and Shao (2014).

The StockDistFit package provides functions for fitting probability distributions to stock price data. The package uses maximum likelihood estimation to find the best-fitting distribution for a given stock. It also offers a function to fit several distributions to one or more assets and compare the distribution with the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and then pick the best distribution. References are as follows: Siew et al. (2008) <https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jappstat/37/1/37_1_1/_pdf/-char/ja> and Benth et al. (2008) <https://books.google.co.ke/books?hl=en&lr=&id=MHNpDQAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=Stochastic+modeling+of+commodity+prices+using+the+Variance+Gamma+(VG)+model.+&ots=YNIL2QmEYg&sig=XZtGU0lp4oqXHVyPZ-O8x5i7N3w&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false>.

Estimation and inference methods for large-scale mean and quantile regression models via stochastic (sub-)gradient descent (S-subGD) algorithms. The inference procedure handles cross-sectional data sequentially: (i) updating the parameter estimate with each incoming "new observation", (ii) aggregating it as a Polyak-Ruppert average, and (iii) computing an asymptotically pivotal statistic for inference through random scaling. The methodology used in the SGDinference package is described in detail in the following papers: (i) Lee, S., Liao, Y., Seo, M.H. and Shin, Y. (2022) <doi:10.1609/aaai.v36i7.20701> "Fast and robust online inference with stochastic gradient descent via random scaling". (ii) Lee, S., Liao, Y., Seo, M.H. and Shin, Y. (2023) <arXiv:2209.14502> "Fast Inference for Quantile Regression with Tens of Millions of Observations".

An implementation of functions to generate and plot postestimation quantities after estimating Bayesian regression models using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). Functionality includes the estimation of the Precision-Recall curves (see Beger, 2016 <doi:10.2139/ssrn.2765419>), the implementation of the observed values method of calculating predicted probabilities by Hanmer and Kalkan (2013) <doi:10.1111/j.1540-5907.2012.00602.x>, the implementation of the average value method of calculating predicted probabilities (see King, Tomz, and Wittenberg, 2000 <doi:10.2307/2669316>), and the generation and plotting of first differences to summarize typical effects across covariates (see Long 1997, ISBN:9780803973749; King, Tomz, and Wittenberg, 2000 <doi:10.2307/2669316>). This package can be used with MCMC output generated by any Bayesian estimation tool including JAGS', BUGS', MCMCpack', and Stan'.

Test for monotonicity in financial variables sorted by portfolios. It is conventional practice in empirical research to form portfolios of assets ranked by a certain sort variable. A t-test is then used to consider the mean return spread between the portfolios with the highest and lowest values of the sort variable. Yet comparing only the average returns on the top and bottom portfolios does not provide a sufficient way to test for a monotonic relation between expected returns and the sort variable. This package provides nonparametric tests for the full set of monotonic patterns by Patton, A. and Timmermann, A. (2010) <doi:10.1016/j.jfineco.2010.06.006> and compares the proposed results with extant alternatives such as t-tests, Bonferroni bounds, and multivariate inequality tests through empirical applications and simulations.

Implementation of the Future API <doi:10.32614/RJ-2021-048> on top of the mirai package <doi:10.5281/zenodo.7912722>. By using this package, you get to take advantage of the benefits of mirai plus everything else that future and the Futureverse adds on top of it. It allows you to process futures, as defined by the future package, in parallel out of the box, on your local machine or across remote machines. Contrary to back-ends relying on the parallel package (e.g. multisession') and socket connections, mirai_cluster and mirai_multisession', provided here, can run more than 125 parallel R processes. As a reminder, regardless which future backend is used by the user, the code does not have to change, it gives identical results, and behaves exactly the same.

This package provides a network-based systems biology tool for flexible identification of phenotype-specific subpathways in the cancer gene expression data with multiple categories (such as multiple subtype or developmental stages of cancer). Subtype Set Enrichment Analysis (SubSEA) and Dynamic Changed Subpathway Analysis (DCSA) are developed to flexible identify subtype specific and dynamic changed subpathways respectively. The operation modes include extraction of subpathways from biological pathways, inference of subpathway activities in the context of gene expression data, identification of subtype specific subpathways with SubSEA, identification of dynamic changed subpathways associated with the cancer developmental stage with DCSA, and visualization of the activities of resulting subpathways by using box plots and heat maps. Its capabilities render the tool could find the specific abnormal subpathways in the cancer dataset with multi-phenotype samples.

This package provides a set of functions to estimate rank and factor loadings of time series tensor factor models. A tensor is a multidimensional array. To analyze high-dimensional tensor time series, factor model is a major dimension reduction tool. TensorPreAve provides functions to estimate the rank of core tensors and factor loading spaces of tensor time series. More specifically, a pre-averaging method that accumulates information from tensor fibres is used to estimate the factor loading spaces. The estimated directions corresponding to the strongest factors are then used for projecting the data for a potentially improved re-estimation of the factor loading spaces themselves. A new rank estimation method is also implemented to utilizes correlation information from the projected data. See Chen and Lam (2023) <arXiv:2208.04012> for more details.

This package provides cross-validation tools for adsorption isotherm models, supporting both linear and non-linear forms. Current methods cover commonly used isotherms including the Freundlich, Langmuir, and Temkin models. This package implements K-fold and leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) with optional clustering-based fold assignment to preserve underlying data structures during validation. Model predictive performance is assessed using mean squared error (MSE), with optional graphical visualization of fold-wise MSEs to support intuitive evaluation of model accuracy. This package is intended to facilitate rigorous model validation in adsorption studies and aid researchers in selecting robust isotherm models. For more details, see Montgomery et al. (2012) <isbn: 978-0-470-54281-1>, Lumumba et al. (2024) <doi:10.11648/j.ajtas.20241305.13>, and Yates et al. (2022) <doi:10.1002/ecm.1557>.

Several statistical methods for analyzing survival data under various forms of dependent censoring are implemented in the package. In addition to accounting for dependent censoring, it offers tools to adjust for unmeasured confounding factors. The implemented approaches allow users to estimate the dependency between survival time and dependent censoring time, based solely on observed survival data. For more details on the methods, refer to Deresa and Van Keilegom (2021) <doi:10.1093/biomet/asaa095>, Czado and Van Keilegom (2023) <doi:10.1093/biomet/asac067>, Crommen et al. (2024) <doi:10.1007/s11749-023-00903-9>, Deresa and Van Keilegom (2024) <doi:10.1080/01621459.2022.2161387>, Willems et al. (2025) <doi:10.48550/arXiv.2403.11860>, Ding and Van Keilegom (2025) and D'Haen et al. (2025) <doi:10.1007/s10985-025-09647-0>.

Simplifies regression modeling in R by integrating multiple modeling and summarization tools into a cohesive, user-friendly interface. Designed to be accessible for researchers, particularly those in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC). Built upon widely accepted statistical methods, including logistic regression (Hosmer et al. 2013, ISBN:9781118548429), log-binomial regression (Spiegelman and Hertzmark 2005 <doi:10.1093/aje/kwi188>), Firth penalized logistic regression (Firth 1993 <doi:10.1093/biomet/80.1.27>), Poisson and robust Poisson regression (Zou 2004 <doi:10.1093/aje/kwh090>), negative binomial regression (Hilbe 2011, ISBN:9780521179515), Cox proportional hazards regression, parametric survival regression, causal mediation analysis, and linear regression (Kutner et al. 2005, ISBN:9780071122214). Leverages multiple dependencies to ensure high-quality output and generate reproducible, publication-ready tables in alignment with best practices in epidemiology and applied statistics.

This package provides a comprehensive toolkit for clinical Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) informatics, built on tidyverse <https://tidyverse.tidyverse.org/> principles and making use of Genotype List String (GL String, Mack et al. (2023) <doi:10.1111/tan.15126>) for storing and computing HLA genotype data. Specific functionalities include: coercion of HLA data in tabular format to and from GL String; calculation of matching and mismatching in all directions, with multiple output formats; automatic formatting of HLA data for searching within a GL String; truncation of molecular HLA data to a specific number of fields; and reading HLA genotypes in HML files and extracting the GL String. This library is intended for research use. Any application making use of this package in a clinical setting will need to be independently validated according to local regulations.

This package provides a comprehensive bundle of utilities for the estimation of probability of informed trading models: original PIN in Easley and O'Hara (1992) and Easley et al. (1996); Multilayer PIN (MPIN) in Ersan (2016); Adjusted PIN (AdjPIN) in Duarte and Young (2009); and volume-synchronized PIN (VPIN) in Easley et al. (2011, 2012). Implementations of various estimation methods suggested in the literature are included. Additional compelling features comprise posterior probabilities, an implementation of an expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm, and PIN decomposition into layers, and into bad/good components. Versatile data simulation tools, and trade classification algorithms are among the supplementary utilities. The package provides fast, compact, and precise utilities to tackle the sophisticated, error-prone, and time-consuming estimation procedure of informed trading, and this solely using the raw trade-level data.

Inspects provenance collected by the rdt or rdtLite packages, or other tools providing compatible PROV JSON output created by the execution of a script, and find differences between two provenance collections. Factors under examination included the hardware and software used to execute the script, versions of attached libraries, use of global variables, modified inputs and outputs, and changes in main and sourced scripts. Based on detected changes, provExplainR can be used to study how these factors affect the behavior of the script and generate a promising diagnosis of the causes of different script results. More information about rdtLite and associated tools is available at <https://github.com/End-to-end-provenance/> and Barbara Lerner, Emery Boose, and Luis Perez (2018), Using Introspection to Collect Provenance in R, Informatics, <doi:10.3390/informatics5010012>.

It provides a comprehensive toolkit for calculating a suite of common vegetation indices (VIs) derived from remote sensing imagery. VIs are essential tools used to quantify vegetation characteristics, such as biomass, leaf area index (LAI) and photosynthetic activity, which are essential parameters in various ecological, agricultural, and environmental studies. Applications of this package include biomass estimation, crop monitoring, forest management, land use and land cover change analysis and climate change studies. For method details see, Deb,D.,Deb,S.,Chakraborty,D.,Singh,J.P.,Singh,A.K.,Dutta,P.and Choudhury,A.(2020)<doi:10.1080/10106049.2020.1756461>. Utilizing this R package, users can effectively extract and analyze critical information from remote sensing imagery, enhancing their comprehension of vegetation dynamics and their importance in global ecosystems. The package includes the function vegetation_indices().