The standard index of DNA methylation (beta) is computed from methylated and unmethylated signal intensities. Betas calculated from raw signal intensities perform well, but using 11 methylomic datasets we demonstrate that quantile normalization methods produce marked improvement. The commonly used procedure of normalizing betas is inferior to the separate normalization of M and U, and it is also advantageous to normalize Type I and Type II assays separately. This package provides 15 flavours of betas and three performance metrics, with methods for objects produced by the methylumi and minfi packages.

Covered uses modern Ruby features to generate comprehensive coverage, including support for templates which are compiled into Ruby. It has the following features:

• Incremental coverage -- if you run your full test suite, and the run a subset, it will still report the correct coverage - so you can incrementally work on improving coverage.

• Integration with RSpec, Minitest, Travis & Coveralls - no need to configure anything - out of the box support for these platforms.

• It supports coverage of views -- templates compiled to Ruby code can be tracked for coverage reporting.

This package provides a package for summary and annotation of genomic intervals. Users can visualize and quantify genomic intervals over pre-defined functional regions, such as promoters, exons, introns, etc. The genomic intervals represent regions with a defined chromosome position, which may be associated with a score, such as aligned reads from HT-seq experiments, TF binding sites, methylation scores, etc. The package can use any tabular genomic feature data as long as it has minimal information on the locations of genomic intervals. In addition, it can use BAM or BigWig files as input.

This package support non-robust and robust computations of the sample autocovariance (ACOVF) and sample autocorrelation functions (ACF) of univariate and multivariate processes. The methodology consists in reversing the diagonalization procedure involving the periodogram or the cross-periodogram and the Fourier transform vectors, and, thus, obtaining the ACOVF or the ACF as discussed in Fuller (1995) doi:10.1002/9780470316917. The robust version is obtained by fitting robust M-regressors to obtain the M-periodogram or M-cross-periodogram as discussed in Reisen et al. (2017) doi:10.1016/j.jspi.2017.02.008.

This package implements functions to retrieve the nearest genes around the peak, annotate genomic region of the peak, statstical methods for estimate the significance of overlap among ChIP peak data sets, and incorporate GEO database for user to compare the own dataset with those deposited in database. The comparison can be used to infer cooperative regulation and thus can be used to generate hypotheses. Several visualization functions are implemented to summarize the coverage of the peak experiment, average profile and heatmap of peaks binding to TSS regions, genomic annotation, distance to TSS, and overlap of peaks or genes.

Interactive R package with an intuitive Shiny-based graphical interface for alternative splicing quantification and integrative analyses of alternative splicing and gene expression based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the Genotype-Tissue Expression project (GTEx), Sequence Read Archive (SRA) and user-provided data. The tool interactively performs survival, dimensionality reduction and median- and variance-based differential splicing and gene expression analyses that benefit from the incorporation of clinical and molecular sample-associated features (such as tumour stage or survival). Interactive visual access to genomic mapping and functional annotation of selected alternative splicing events is also included.

The MsFeature package defines functionality for Mass Spectrometry features. This includes functions to group (LC-MS) features based on some of their properties, such as retention time (coeluting features), or correlation of signals across samples. This package hence can be used to group features, and its results can be used as an input for the QFeatures package which allows aggregating abundance levels of features within each group. This package defines concepts and functions for base and common data types, implementations for more specific data types are expected to be implemented in the respective packages (such as e.g. xcms).

Peptide Set Test (PepSetTest) is a peptide-centric strategy to infer differentially expressed proteins in LC-MS/MS proteomics data. This test detects coordinated changes in the expression of peptides originating from the same protein and compares these changes against the rest of the peptidome. Compared to traditional aggregation-based approaches, the peptide set test demonstrates improved statistical power, yet controlling the Type I error rate correctly in most cases. This test can be valuable for discovering novel biomarkers and prioritizing drug targets, especially when the direct application of statistical analysis to protein data fails to provide substantial insights.

This is an R package for interfacing with the BIOM format. This package includes basic tools for reading biom-format files, accessing and subsetting data tables from a biom object (which is more complex than a single table), as well as limited support for writing a biom-object back to a biom-format file. The design of this API is intended to match the Python API and other tools included with the biom-format project, but with a decidedly "R flavor" that should be familiar to R users. This includes S4 classes and methods, as well as extensions of common core functions/methods.

Representing nucleotide modifications in a nucleotide sequence is usually done via special characters from a number of sources. This represents a challenge to work with in R and the Biostrings package. The Modstrings package implements this functionality for RNA and DNA sequences containing modified nucleotides by translating the character internally in order to work with the infrastructure of the Biostrings package. For this the ModRNAString and ModDNAString classes and derivates and functions to construct and modify these objects despite the encoding issues are implemenented. In addition the conversion from sequences to list like location information (and the reverse operation) is implemented as well.

This package provides utility functions that enhance the parallel package and support the built-in parallel backends of the future package. For example, availableCores gives the number of CPU cores available to your R process as given by R options and environment variables, including those set by job schedulers on high-performance compute clusters. If none is set, it will fall back to parallel::detectCores. Another example is makeClusterPSOCK, which is backward compatible with parallel::makePSOCKcluster while doing a better job in setting up remote cluster workers without the need for configuring the firewall to do port-forwarding to your local computer.

High-throughput sequencing technologies allow the production of large volumes of short sequences, which can be aligned to the genome to create a set of matches to the genome. By looking for regions of the genome which to which there are high densities of matches, we can infer a segmentation of the genome into regions of biological significance. The methods in this package allow the simultaneous segmentation of data from multiple samples, taking into account replicate data, in order to create a consensus segmentation. This has obvious applications in a number of classes of sequencing experiments, particularly in the discovery of small RNA loci and novel mRNA transcriptome discovery.

This package provides a toolset for functional enrichment analysis and visualization, gene/protein/SNP identifier conversion and mapping orthologous genes across species via g:Profiler. The main tools are:

1. g:GOSt, functional enrichment analysis and visualization of gene lists;

2. g:Convert, gene/protein/transcript identifier conversion across various namespaces;

3. g:Orth, orthology search across species;

4. g:SNPense, mapping SNP rs identifiers to chromosome positions, genes and variant effects.

This package is an R interface corresponding to the 2019 update of g:Profiler and provides access to versions e94_eg41_p11 and higher.

Intense parallel workloads can be difficult to monitor. Packages crew.cluster, clustermq, and future.batchtools distribute hundreds of worker processes over multiple computers. If a worker process exhausts its available memory, it may terminate silently, leaving the underlying problem difficult to detect or troubleshoot. Using the autometric package, a worker can proactively monitor itself in a detached background thread. The worker process itself runs normally, and the thread writes to a log every few seconds. If the worker terminates unexpectedly, autometric can read and visualize the log file to reveal potential resource-related reasons for the crash. The autometric package borrows heavily from the methods of packages ps and psutil.

This is a package for normalization, testing for differential variability and differential methylation and gene set testing for data from Illumina's Infinium HumanMethylation arrays. The normalization procedure is subset-quantile within-array normalization (SWAN), which allows Infinium I and II type probes on a single array to be normalized together. The test for differential variability is based on an empirical Bayes version of Levene's test. Differential methylation testing is performed using RUV, which can adjust for systematic errors of unknown origin in high-dimensional data by using negative control probes. Gene ontology analysis is performed by taking into account the number of probes per gene on the array, as well as taking into account multi-gene associated probes.

The package xmapbridge can plot graphs in the X:Map genome browser. X:Map uses the Google Maps API to provide a scrollable view of the genome. It supports a number of species, and can be accessed at http://xmap.picr.man.ac.uk. This package exports plotting files in a suitable format. Graph plotting in R is done using calls to the functions xmap.plot and xmap.points, which have parameters that aim to be similar to those used by the standard plot methods in R. These result in data being written to a set of files (in a specific directory structure) that contain the data to be displayed, as well as some additional meta-data describing each of the graphs.

This package provides an integrated pipeline for the analysis of PAR-CLIP data. PAR-CLIP-induced transitions are first discriminated from sequencing errors, SNPs and additional non-experimental sources by a non- parametric mixture model. The protein binding sites (clusters) are then resolved at high resolution and cluster statistics are estimated using a rigorous Bayesian framework. Post-processing of the results, data export for UCSC genome browser visualization and motif search analysis are provided. In addition, the package integrates RNA-Seq data to estimate the False Discovery Rate of cluster detection. Key functions support parallel multicore computing. While wavClusteR was designed for PAR-CLIP data analysis, it can be applied to the analysis of other NGS data obtained from experimental procedures that induce nucleotide substitutions (e.g. BisSeq).

The Datasaurus Dozen is a set of datasets with the same summary statistics. They retain the same summary statistics despite having radically different distributions. The datasets represent a larger and quirkier object lesson that is typically taught via Anscombe's Quartet (available in the 'datasets' package). Anscombe's Quartet contains four very different distributions with the same summary statistics and as such highlights the value of visualisation in understanding data, over and above summary statistics. As well as being an engaging variant on the Quartet, the data is generated in a novel way. The simulated annealing process used to derive datasets from the original Datasaurus is detailed in "Same Stats, Different Graphs: Generating Datasets with Varied Appearance and Identical Statistics through Simulated Annealing" doi:10.1145/3025453.3025912.

DNA methylation is generally considered to be associated with transcriptional silencing. However, comprehensive, genome-wide investigation of this relationship requires the evaluation of potentially millions of correlation values between the methylation of individual genomic loci and expression of associated transcripts in a relatively large numbers of samples. Methodical makes this process quick and easy while keeping a low memory footprint. It also provides a novel method for identifying regions where a number of methylation sites are consistently strongly associated with transcriptional expression. In addition, Methodical enables housing DNA methylation data from diverse sources (e.g. WGBS, RRBS and methylation arrays) with a common framework, lifting over DNA methylation data between different genome builds and creating base-resolution plots of the association between DNA methylation and transcriptional activity at transcriptional start sites.

Rdiff-backup backs up one directory to another, possibly over a network. The target directory ends up a copy of the source directory, but extra reverse diffs are stored in a special subdirectory of that target directory, so you can still recover files lost some time ago. The idea is to combine the best features of a mirror and an incremental backup. Rdiff-backup also preserves subdirectories, hard links, dev files, permissions, uid/gid ownership, modification times, extended attributes, acls, and resource forks. Also, rdiff-backup can operate in a bandwidth efficient manner over a pipe, like rsync. Thus you can use rdiff-backup and ssh to securely back a hard drive up to a remote location, and only the differences will be transmitted. Finally, rdiff-backup is easy to use and settings have sensible defaults.

This package provides several functions to explore miRNA sponge (also called ceRNA or miRNA decoy) regulation from putative miRNA-target interactions or/and transcriptomics data (including bulk, single-cell and spatial gene expression data). It provides eight popular methods for identifying miRNA sponge interactions, and an integrative method to integrate miRNA sponge interactions from different methods, as well as the functions to validate miRNA sponge interactions, and infer miRNA sponge modules, conduct enrichment analysis of miRNA sponge modules, and conduct survival analysis of miRNA sponge modules. By using a sample control variable strategy, it provides a function to infer sample-specific miRNA sponge interactions. In terms of sample-specific miRNA sponge interactions, it implements three similarity methods to construct sample-sample correlation network.

This package implements a functionality to deal with RabbitMQ Streams using asyncio.

It is designed and implemented with the following qualities in mind:

• asynchronous Pythonic API with type annotations

• use of AMQP 1.0 message format to enable interoperability between RabbitMQ Stream. clients

• auto reconnection to RabbitMQ broker with lazily created connection objects

Support of many RabbitMQ Streams broker features:

• publishing single messages, or in batches, with confirmation

• subscribing to a stream at a specific point in time, from a specific offset, or using offset reference

• stream message filtering

• writing stream offset reference

• message deduplication

• integration with AMQP 1.0 ecosystem at message format level

This package provides the "enrich" method to enrich list-like R objects with new, relevant components. The current version has methods for enriching objects of class family, link-glm, lm, glm and betareg. The resulting objects preserve their class, so all methods associated with them still apply. The package also provides the enriched_glm function that has the same interface as glm but results in objects of class enriched_glm. In addition to the usual components in a glm object, enriched_glm objects carry an object-specific simulate method and functions to compute the scores, the observed and expected information matrix, the first-order bias, as well as model densities, probabilities, and quantiles at arbitrary parameter values. The package can also be used to produce customizable source code templates for the structured implementation of methods to compute new components and enrich arbitrary objects.

Clustering is carried out to identify patterns in transcriptomics profiles to determine clinically relevant subgroups of patients. Feature (gene) selection is a critical and an integral part of the process. Currently, there are many feature selection and clustering methods to identify the relevant genes and perform clustering of samples. However, choosing an appropriate methodology is difficult. In addition, extensive feature selection methods have not been supported by the available packages. Hence, we developed an integrative R-package called multiClust that allows researchers to experiment with the choice of combination of methods for gene selection and clustering with ease. Using multiClust, we identified the best performing clustering methodology in the context of clinical outcome. Our observations demonstrate that simple methods such as variance-based ranking perform well on the majority of data sets, provided that the appropriate number of genes is selected. However, different gene ranking and selection methods remain relevant as no methodology works for all studies.