DEsubs is a network-based systems biology package that extracts disease-perturbed subpathways within a pathway network as recorded by RNA-seq experiments. It contains an extensive and customizable framework covering a broad range of operation modes at all stages of the subpathway analysis, enabling a case-specific approach. The operation modes refer to the pathway network construction and processing, the subpathway extraction, visualization and enrichment analysis with regard to various biological and pharmacological features. Its capabilities render it a tool-guide for both the modeler and experimentalist for the identification of more robust systems-level biomarkers for complex diseases.

This package provides various R programming tools for plotting data, including:

• calculating and plotting locally smoothed summary function

• enhanced versions of standard plots

• manipulating colors

• calculating and plotting two-dimensional data summaries

• enhanced regression diagnostic plots

• formula-enabled interface to stats::lowess function

• displaying textual data in plots

• balloon plots

• plotting "Venn" diagrams

• displaying Open-Office style plots

• plotting multiple data on same region, with separate axes

• plotting means and confidence intervals

• spacing points in an x-y plot so they don't overlap

Interpretation of time series data is affected by model choices. Different models can give different or even contradicting estimates of patterns, trends, and mechanisms for the same data--a limitation alleviated by the Bayesian estimator of abrupt change,seasonality, and trend (BEAST) of this package. BEAST seeks to improve time series decomposition by forgoing the "single-best-model" concept and embracing all competing models into the inference via a Bayesian model averaging scheme. It is a flexible tool to uncover abrupt changes (i.e., change-points, breakpoints, structural breaks, or join-points), cyclic variations (e.g., seasonality), and nonlinear trends in time-series observations. BEAST not just tells when changes occur but also quantifies how likely the detected changes are true. It detects not just piecewise linear trends but also arbitrary nonlinear trends. BEAST is applicable to real-valued time series data of all kinds, be it for remote sensing, economics, climate sciences, ecology, and hydrology. Example applications include its use to identify regime shifts in ecological data, map forest disturbance and land degradation from satellite imagery, detect market trends in economic data, pinpoint anomaly and extreme events in climate data, and unravel system dynamics in biological data. Details on BEAST are reported in Zhao et al. (2019) <doi:10.1016/j.rse.2019.04.034>.

Implementation of Bayesian multi-task regression models and was developed within the context of imaging genetics. The package can currently fit two models. The Bayesian group sparse multi-task regression model of Greenlaw et al. (2017)<doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btx215> can be fit with implementation using Gibbs sampling. An extension of this model developed by Song, Ge et al. to accommodate both spatial correlation as well as correlation across brain hemispheres can also be fit using either mean-field variational Bayes or Gibbs sampling. The model can also be used more generally for multivariate (non-imaging) phenotypes with spatial correlation.

Computed tomography (CT) imaging is a powerful tool for understanding the composition of sediment cores. This package streamlines and accelerates the analysis of CT data generated in the context of environmental science. Included are tools for processing raw DICOM images to characterize sediment composition (sand, peat, etc.). Root analyses are also enabled, including measures of external surface area and volumes for user-defined root size classes. For a detailed description of the application of computed tomography imaging for sediment characterization, see: Davey, E., C. Wigand, R. Johnson, K. Sundberg, J. Morris, and C. Roman. (2011) <DOI: 10.1890/10-2037.1>.

Implementations of the expected shortfall backtests of Bayer and Dimitriadis (2020) <doi:10.1093/jjfinec/nbaa013> as well as other well known backtests from the literature. Can be used to assess the correctness of forecasts of the expected shortfall risk measure which is e.g. used in the banking and finance industry for quantifying the market risk of investments. A special feature of the backtests of Bayer and Dimitriadis (2020) <doi:10.1093/jjfinec/nbaa013> is that they only require forecasts of the expected shortfall, which is in striking contrast to all other existing backtests, making them particularly attractive for practitioners.

The production of certified reference materials (CRMs) requires various statistical tests depending on the task and recorded data to ensure that reported values of CRMs are appropriate. Often these tests are performed according to the procedures described in ISO GUIDE 35:2017'. The eCerto package contains a Shiny app which provides functionality to load, process, report and backup data recorded during CRM production and facilitates following the recommended procedures. It is described in Lisec et al (2023) <doi:10.1007/s00216-023-05099-3> and can also be accessed online <https://apps.bam.de/shn00/eCerto/> without package installation.

Process automation of point cloud data derived from terrestrial-based technologies such as Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) or Mobile Laser Scanner. FORTLS enables (i) detection of trees and estimation of tree-level attributes (e.g. diameters and heights), (ii) estimation of stand-level variables (e.g. density, basal area, mean and dominant height), (iii) computation of metrics related to important forest attributes estimated in Forest Inventories at stand-level, and (iv) optimization of plot design for combining TLS data and field measured data. Documentation about FORTLS is described in Molina-Valero et al. (2022, <doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2022.105337>).

Cellular responses to perturbations are highly heterogeneous and depend largely on the initial state of cells. Connecting post-perturbation cells via cellular trajectories to untreated cells (e.g. by leveraging metabolic labeling information) enables exploitation of intercellular heterogeneity as a combined knock-down and overexpression screen to identify pathway modulators, termed Heterogeneity-seq (see Berg et al <doi:10.1101/2024.10.28.620481>). This package contains functions to generate cellular trajectories based on scSLAM-seq (single-cell, thiol-(SH)-linked alkylation of RNA for metabolic labelling sequencing) time courses, functions to identify pathway modulators and to visualize the results.

Combine probabilistic forecasts using CRPS learning algorithms proposed in Berrisch, Ziel (2021) <doi:10.48550/arXiv.2102.00968> <doi:10.1016/j.jeconom.2021.11.008>. The package implements multiple online learning algorithms like Bernstein online aggregation; see Wintenberger (2014) <doi:10.48550/arXiv.1404.1356>. Quantile regression is also implemented for comparison purposes. Model parameters can be tuned automatically with respect to the loss of the forecast combination. Methods like predict(), update(), plot() and print() are available for convenience. This package utilizes the optim C++ library for numeric optimization <https://github.com/kthohr/optim>.

Defines and includes a set of class-based templates for developing and implementing data processing and analysis workflows, with a strong emphasis on statistics and machine learning. The templates can be used and where needed extended to wrap tools and methods from other packages into a common standardised structure to allow for effective and fast integration. Model objects can be combined into sequences, and sequences nested in iterators using overloaded operators to simplify and improve readability of the code. Ontology lookup has been integrated and implemented to provide standardised definitions for methods, inputs and outputs wrapped using the class-based templates.

This package implements a new RNA-Seq analysis method and integrates two modules: a basic model for pairwise comparison and a linear model for complex design. RNA-Seq quantifies gene expression with reads count, which usually consists of conditions (or treatments) and several replicates for each condition. This software infers differential expression directly by the counts difference between conditions. It assumes that the sum counts difference between conditions follow a negative binomial distribution. In addition, ABSSeq moderates the fold-changes by two steps: the expression level and gene-specific dispersion, that might facilitate the gene ranking by fold-change and visualization.

The FBED and mmpc variable selection algorithms have been implemented using the distance correlation. The references include: Tsamardinos I., Aliferis C. F. and Statnikov A. (2003). "Time and sample efficient discovery of Markovblankets and direct causal relations". In Proceedings of the ninth ACM SIGKDD international Conference. <doi:10.1145/956750.956838>. Borboudakis G. and Tsamardinos I. (2019). "Forward-backward selection with early dropping". Journal of Machine Learning Research, 20(8): 1--39. <doi:10.48550/arXiv.1705.10770>. Huo X. and Szekely G.J. (2016). "Fast computing for distance covariance". Technometrics, 58(4): 435--447. <doi:10.1080/00401706.2015.1054435>.

All datasets and functions required for the examples and exercises of the book "Data Science for Psychologists" (by Hansjoerg Neth, Konstanz University, 2025), freely available at <https://bookdown.org/hneth/ds4psy/>. The book and corresponding courses introduce principles and methods of data science to students of psychology and other biological or social sciences. The ds4psy package primarily provides datasets, but also functions for data generation and manipulation (e.g., of text and time data) and graphics that are used in the book and its exercises. All functions included in ds4psy are designed to be explicit and instructive, rather than efficient or elegant.

Distributed Online Mean Tests is a powerful tool designed to efficiently process and analyze distributed datasets. It enables users to perform mean tests in an online, distributed manner, making it highly suitable for large-scale data analysis. By leveraging advanced computational techniques, Domean ensures robust and scalable solutions for statistical analysis, particularly in scenarios where data is dispersed across multiple nodes or sources. This package is ideal for researchers and practitioners working with high-dimensional data, providing a flexible and efficient framework for mean testing. The philosophy of Domean is described in Guo G.(2025) <doi:10.1016/j.physa.2024.130308>.

This package contains two functions that are intended to make tuning supervised learning methods easy. The eztune function uses a genetic algorithm or Hooke-Jeeves optimizer to find the best set of tuning parameters. The user can choose the optimizer, the learning method, and if optimization will be based on accuracy obtained through validation error, cross validation, or resubstitution. The function eztune.cv will compute a cross validated error rate. The purpose of eztune_cv is to provide a cross validated accuracy or MSE when resubstitution or validation data are used for optimization because error measures from both approaches can be misleading.

Implementation of the Stochastic Expectation Maximisation (StEM) approach to Record Linkage described in the paper by K. Robach, S. L. van der Pas, M. A. van de Wiel and M. H. Hof (2024, <doi:10.1093/jrsssc/qlaf016>); see citation("FlexRL") for details. This is a record linkage method, for finding the common set of records among 2 data sources based on Partially Identifying Variables (PIVs) available in both sources. It includes modelling of dynamic Partially Identifying Variables (e.g. postal code) that may evolve over time and registration errors (missing values and mistakes in the registration). Low memory footprint.

The kernelized version of principal component analysis (KPCA) has proven to be a valid nonlinear alternative for tackling the nonlinearity of biological sample spaces. However, it poses new challenges in terms of the interpretability of the original variables. kpcaIG aims to provide a tool to select the most relevant variables based on the kernel PCA representation of the data as in Briscik et al. (2023) <doi:10.1186/s12859-023-05404-y>. It also includes functions for 2D and 3D visualization of the original variables (as arrows) into the kernel principal components axes, highlighting the contribution of the most important ones.

Performing impulse-response function (IRF) analysis of relevant variables of agent-based simulation models, in particular for models described in LSD format. Based on the data produced by the simulation model, it performs both linear and state-dependent IRF analysis, providing the tools required by the Counterfactual Monte Carlo (CMC) methodology (Amendola and Pereira (2024) <doi:10.2139/ssrn.4740360>), including state identification and sensitivity. CMC proposes retrieving the causal effect of shocks by exploiting the opportunity to directly observe the counterfactual in a fully controlled experimental setup. LSD (Laboratory for Simulation Development) is free software available at <https://www.labsimdev.org/>).

This package provides a framework that boosts the imputation of missForest by Stekhoven, D.J. and Bühlmann, P. (2012) <doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btr597> by harnessing parallel processing and through the fast Gradient Boosted Decision Trees (GBDT) implementation LightGBM by Ke, Guolin et al.(2017) <https://papers.nips.cc/paper/6907-lightgbm-a-highly-efficient-gradient-boosting-decision>. misspi has the following main advantages: 1. Allows embrassingly parallel imputation on large scale data. 2. Accepts a variety of machine learning models as methods with friendly user portal. 3. Supports multiple initializations methods. 4. Supports early stopping that prohibits unnecessary iterations.

This package contains functions that help to determine event boundaries in event segmentation experiments by bootstrapping a critical segmentation magnitude under the null hypothesis that all key presses were randomly distributed across the experiment. Segmentation magnitude is defined as the sum of Gaussians centered at the times of the segmentation key presses performed by the participants. Within a participant, the maximum of the overlaid Gaussians is used to prevent an excessive influence of a single participant on the overall outcome (e.g. if a participant is pressing the key multiple times in succession). Further functions are included, such as plotting the results.

Clustering and classification inference for high dimension low sample size (HDLSS) data with U-statistics. The package contains implementations of nonparametric statistical tests for sample homogeneity, group separation, clustering, and classification of multivariate data. The methods have high statistical power and are tailored for data in which the dimension L is much larger than sample size n. See Gabriela B. Cybis, Marcio Valk and SÃ lvia RC Lopes (2018) <doi:10.1080/00949655.2017.1374387>, Marcio Valk and Gabriela B. Cybis (2020) <doi:10.1080/10618600.2020.1796398>, Debora Z. Bello, Marcio Valk and Gabriela B. Cybis (2021) <arXiv:2106.09115>.

This package provides a collection of functions useful in learning and practicing Item Response Theory (IRT), which can be combined into larger programs. It provides basic CTT analysis, a simple common interface to the estimation of item parameters in IRT models for binary responses with three different programs (ICL, BILOG-MG, and ltm), ability estimation (MLE, BME, EAP, WLE, plausible values), item and person fit statistics, scaling methods (MM, MS, Stocking-Lord, and the complete Hebaera method), and a rich array of parametric and non-parametric (kernel) plots. It estimates and plots Haberman's interaction model when all items are dichotomously scored.

This is an add-on to the cna package <https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=cna> comprising various functions for optimizing consistency and coverage scores of models of configurational comparative methods as Coincidence Analysis (CNA) and Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA). The function conCovOpt() calculates con-cov optima, selectMax() selects con-cov maxima among the con-cov optima, DNFbuild() can be used to build models actually reaching those optima, and findOutcomes() identifies those factor values in analyzed data that can be modeled as outcomes. For a theoretical introduction to these functions see Baumgartner and Ambuehl (2021) <doi:10.1177/0049124121995554>.