This package provides a collection of general optimization routines based on variants of the One Side Cut Accelerated Random Search (OSCARS-II) algorithm (Price et al., 2020, <doi:10.1007/s10898-020-00928-6>). The main function , oscars()', performs black-box optimization of a general (including nonsmooth or discontinuous) function subject to simple bounds on the unknowns. If all bounds are finite, oscars searches globally. The main method implements a stochastic direct search method and is derivative free. Testing shows the OSCARS-II algorithm usually finds extrema with fewer function evaluations than similar global derivative-free methods.

Fast functions for dealing with prime numbers, such as testing whether a number is prime and generating a sequence prime numbers. Additional functions include finding prime factors and Ruth-Aaron pairs, finding next and previous prime numbers in the series, finding or estimating the nth prime, estimating the number of primes less than or equal to an arbitrary number, computing primorials, prime k-tuples (e.g., twin primes), finding the greatest common divisor and smallest (least) common multiple, testing whether two numbers are coprime, and computing Euler's totient function. Most functions are vectorized for speed and convenience.

Several person-fit statistics (PFSs; Meijer and Sijtsma, 2001, <doi:10.1177/01466210122031957>) are offered. These statistics allow assessing whether individual response patterns to tests or questionnaires are (im)plausible given the other respondents in the sample or given a specified item response theory model. Some PFSs apply to dichotomous data, such as the likelihood-based PFSs (lz, lz*) and the group-based PFSs (personal biserial correlation, caution index, (normed) number of Guttman errors, agreement/disagreement/dependability statistics, U3, ZU3, NCI, Ht). PFSs suitable to polytomous data include extensions of lz, U3, and (normed) number of Guttman errors.

G-computation for a set of time-fixed exposures with quantile-based basis functions, possibly under linearity and homogeneity assumptions. This approach estimates a regression line corresponding to the expected change in the outcome (on the link basis) given a simultaneous increase in the quantile-based category for all exposures. Works with continuous, binary, and right-censored time-to-event outcomes. Reference: Alexander P. Keil, Jessie P. Buckley, Katie M. OBrien, Kelly K. Ferguson, Shanshan Zhao, and Alexandra J. White (2019) A quantile-based g-computation approach to addressing the effects of exposure mixtures; <doi:10.1289/EHP5838>.

The Swiss Ephemeris (version 2.10.03) is a high precision ephemeris based upon the DE431 ephemerides from NASA's JPL. It covers the time range 13201 BCE to 17191 CE. This package uses the semi-analytic theory by Steve Moshier. For faster and more accurate calculations, the compressed Swiss Ephemeris data is available in the swephRdata package. To access this data package, run install.packages("swephRdata", repos = "https://rstub.r-universe.dev", type = "source")'. The size of the swephRdata package is approximately 115 MB. The user can also use the original JPL DE431 data.

This package contains existing and novel methods for nonparametric analysis and Cox regression analysis with doubly truncated survival data, as described in Vazquez and Xie (2025) <doi:10.1007/s10985-025-09650-5>. Includes survival curves and hazard estimates through nonparametric maximum likelihood estimation, various tests for detecting group differences or non-ignorable sampling bias, and inverse probability weighted Cox regression with several options of nonparametric weights. Also implements diagnostics for key modeling assumptions such as quasi-independent truncation and the positivity assumption. Closed-form standard errors are available for all estimates, i.e. bootstrapping is not required.

Toolbox containing a variety of spectral clustering tools functions. Among the tools available are the hierarchical spectral clustering algorithm, the Shi and Malik clustering algorithm, the Perona and Freeman algorithm, the non-normalized clustering, the Von Luxburg algorithm, the Partition Around Medoids clustering algorithm, a multi-level clustering algorithm, recursive clustering and the fast method for all clustering algorithm. As well as other tools needed to run these algorithms or useful for unsupervised spectral clustering. This toolbox aims to gather the main tools for unsupervised spectral classification. See <http://mawenzi.univ-littoral.fr/> for more information and documentation.

MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) is the NLM controlled vocabulary used to manually index articles for MEDLINE/PubMed. MeSH terms were associated by Entrez Gene ID by three methods, gendoo, gene2pubmed and RBBH. This association is fundamental for enrichment and semantic analyses. meshes supports enrichment analysis (over-representation and gene set enrichment analysis) of gene list or whole expression profile. The semantic comparisons of MeSH terms provide quantitative ways to compute similarities between genes and gene groups. meshes implemented five methods proposed by Resnik, Schlicker, Jiang, Lin and Wang respectively and supports more than 70 species.

slalom is a scalable modelling framework for single-cell RNA-seq data that uses gene set annotations to dissect single-cell transcriptome heterogeneity, thereby allowing to identify biological drivers of cell-to-cell variability and model confounding factors. The method uses Bayesian factor analysis with a latent variable model to identify active pathways (selected by the user, e.g. KEGG pathways) that explain variation in a single-cell RNA-seq dataset. This an R/C++ implementation of the f-scLVM Python package. See the publication describing the method at https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-017-1334-8.

Sets the alpha level for coefficients in a regression model as a decreasing function of the sample size through the use of Jeffreys Approximate Bayes factor. You tell alphaN() your sample size, and it tells you to which value you must lower alpha to avoid Lindley's Paradox. For details, see Wulff and Taylor (2024) <doi:10.1177/14761270231214429>. Alpha can also be calibrated to the effect-size and moment Bayes factors of Klauer, Meyer-Grant, and Kellen (2025) <doi:10.3758/s13423-024-02612-2>, which center the alternative hypothesis on an effect size of your choosing.

This package implements several basic algorithms for estimating regression parameters for semiparametric accelerated failure time (AFT) model. The main methods are: Jin rank-based method (Jin (2003) <doi:10.1093/biomet/90.2.341>), Hellerâ s estimating method (Heller (2012) <doi:10.1198/016214506000001257>), Polynomial smoothed Gehan function method (Chung (2013) <doi:10.1007/s11222-012-9333-9>), Buckley-James method (Buckley (1979) <doi:10.2307/2335161>) and Jin`s improved least squares method (Jin (2006) <doi:10.1093/biomet/93.1.147>). This package can be used for modeling right-censored data and for comparing different estimation algorithms.

An implementation of the ALFAM2 dynamic emission model for ammonia volatilization from field-applied animal slurry (manure with dry matter below about 15%). The model can be used to predict cumulative emission and emission rate of ammonia following field application of slurry. Predictions may be useful for emission inventory calculations, fertilizer management, assessment of mitigation strategies, or research aimed at understanding ammonia emission. Default parameter sets include effects of application method, slurry composition, and weather. The model structure is based on a simplified representation of the physical-chemical slurry-soil-atmosphere system. More information is available via citation("ALFAM2").

This package performs Bayesian posterior inference for heteroskedastic Gaussian processes. Models are trained through MCMC including elliptical slice sampling (ESS) of latent noise processes and Metropolis-Hastings sampling of kernel hyperparameters. Replicates are handled efficientyly through a Woodbury formulation of the joint likelihood for the mean and noise process (Binois, M., Gramacy, R., Ludkovski, M. (2018) <doi:10.1080/10618600.2018.1458625>) For large data, Vecchia-approximation for faster computation is leveraged (Sauer, A., Cooper, A., and Gramacy, R., (2023), <doi:10.1080/10618600.2022.2129662>). Incorporates OpenMP and SNOW parallelization and utilizes C'/'C++ under the hood.

Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) data sets by Batsch et al. (2008) <doi:10.1186/1471-2105-9-95>. This package provides five data sets, one for each PCR target: (i) rat SLC6A14, (ii) human SLC22A13, (iii) pig EMT, (iv) chicken ETT, and (v) human GAPDH. Each data set comprises a five-point, four-fold dilution series. For each concentration there are three replicates. Each amplification curve is 45 cycles long. Original raw data file: <https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1186%2F1471-2105-9-95/MediaObjects/12859_2007_2080_MOESM5_ESM.xls>.

This package provides classes (S4) of commonly used elliptical, Archimedean, extreme-value and other copula families, as well as their rotations, mixtures and asymmetrizations. Nested Archimedean copulas, related tools and special functions. Methods for density, distribution, random number generation, bivariate dependence measures, Rosenblatt transform, Kendall distribution function, perspective and contour plots. Fitting of copula models with potentially partly fixed parameters, including standard errors. Serial independence tests, copula specification tests (independence, exchangeability, radial symmetry, extreme-value dependence, goodness-of-fit) and model selection based on cross-validation. Empirical copula, smoothed versions, and non-parametric estimators of the Pickands dependence function.

This project provides a group of new functions to calculate the outputs of the two main components of the Canadian Forest Fire Danger Rating System (CFFDRS) Van Wagner and Pickett (1985) <https://ostrnrcan-dostrncan.canada.ca/entities/publication/29706108-2891-4e5d-a59a-a77c96bc507c>) at various time scales: the Fire Weather Index (FWI) System Wan Wagner (1985) <https://ostrnrcan-dostrncan.canada.ca/entities/publication/d96e56aa-e836-4394-ba29-3afe91c3aa6c> and the Fire Behaviour Prediction (FBP) System Forestry Canada Fire Danger Group (1992) <https://cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/pubwarehouse/pdfs/10068.pdf>. Some functions have two versions, table and raster based.

This package implements a generalized linear model approach for detecting differentially expressed genes across treatment groups in count data. The package supports both quasi-Poisson and negative binomial models to handle over-dispersion, ensuring robust identification of differential expression. It allows for the inclusion of treatment effects and gene-wise covariates, as well as normalization factors for accurate scaling across samples. Additionally, it incorporates statistical significance testing with options for p-value adjustment and log2 fold range thresholds, making it suitable for RNA-seq analysis as described in by Xu et al., (2024) <doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0300565>.

The EXPOS model uses a digital elevation model (DEM) to estimate exposed and protected areas for a given hurricane wind direction and inflection angle. The resulting topographic exposure maps can be combined with output from the HURRECON model to estimate hurricane wind damage across a region. For details on the original version of the EXPOS model written in Borland Pascal', see: Boose, Foster, and Fluet (1994) <doi:10.2307/2937142>, Boose, Chamberlin, and Foster (2001) <doi:10.1890/0012-9615(2001)071[0027:LARIOH]2.0.CO;2>, and Boose, Serrano, and Foster (2004) <doi:10.1890/02-4057>.

The geomod does spatial prediction of the Geotechnical soil properties. It predicts the spatial distribution of Geotechnical properties of soil e.g. shear strength, permeability, plasticity index, Standard Penetration Test (SPT) counts, etc. The output of the prediction takes the form of a map or a series of maps. It uses the interpolation technique where a single or statistically â bestâ estimate of spatial occurrence soil property is determined. The interpolation is based on both the sampled data and a variogram model for the spatial correlation of the sampled data. The single estimate is produced by a Kriging technique.

Base R's default setting for stringsAsFactors within data.frame() and as.data.frame() is supposedly the most often complained about piece of code in the R infrastructure. The hellno package provides an explicit solution without changing R itself or having to mess around with options. It tries to solve this problem by providing alternative data.frame() and as.data.frame() functions that are in fact simple wrappers around base R's data.frame() and as.data.frame() with stringsAsFactors option set to HELLNO ( which in turn equals FALSE ) by default.

Sends supported R objects to the Mellio web app and creates polished, editable statistical tables in R'. The mellio_open interface handles common hypothesis tests, model objects, model comparisons, descriptive summaries, tabular data, plots, and image files. The melliotab interface formats data frames, model summaries, correlation matrices, and side-by-side comparison tables with APA-style numeric formatting, confidence intervals, table notes, and optional significance markers. Manual table helpers can copy or save melliotab output as HTML', LaTeX', or Markdown when file-based handoff is needed. Payloads include package-version metadata to support reproducible reporting and software citation.

This package provides a set of tools for estimating hierarchical linear models and effect sizes based on data from single-case designs. Functions are provided for calculating standardized mean difference effect sizes that are directly comparable to standardized mean differences estimated from between-subjects randomized experiments, as described in Hedges, Pustejovsky, and Shadish (2012) <DOI:10.1002/jrsm.1052>; Hedges, Pustejovsky, and Shadish (2013) <DOI:10.1002/jrsm.1086>; Pustejovsky, Hedges, and Shadish (2014) <DOI:10.3102/1076998614547577>; and Chen, Pustejovsky, Klingbeil, and Van Norman (2023) <DOI:10.1016/j.jsp.2023.02.002>. Includes an interactive web interface.

This package provides an R interface to the Python package u-stats <https://pypi.org/project/u-stats/> for efficient computation of higher-order U-statistics using Einstein summation notation, implementing the methods of Chen, Zhang, and Liu (2025) <doi:10.48550/arXiv.2508.12627>. The package automatically converts R objects to NumPy or PyTorch tensors via reticulate and supports GPU acceleration when PyTorch with CUDA is available. Python dependencies are declared via reticulate and can be installed automatically on first use. Designed for large-scale statistical estimation where numerical stability and performance are critical.

This package provides various R programming tools for plotting data, including:

• calculating and plotting locally smoothed summary function

• enhanced versions of standard plots

• manipulating colors

• calculating and plotting two-dimensional data summaries

• enhanced regression diagnostic plots

• formula-enabled interface to stats::lowess function

• displaying textual data in plots

• balloon plots

• plotting "Venn" diagrams

• displaying Open-Office style plots

• plotting multiple data on same region, with separate axes

• plotting means and confidence intervals

• spacing points in an x-y plot so they don't overlap