An integrated wavelet-based spatial time series modelling framework designed to enhance predictive accuracy under noisy and nonstationary conditions by jointly exploiting multi-resolution (wavelet) information and spatial dependence. The package implements WaveSARIMA() (Wavelet Based Spatial AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average model using regression features with forecast::auto.arima()) and WaveSNN() (Wavelet Based Spatial Neural Network model using neuralnet with hyperparameter search). Both functions support spatial transformation via a user-supplied spatial matrix, lag feature construction, MODWT-based wavelet sub-series feature generation, time-ordered train/test splitting, and performance evaluation (Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), R-squared (R²), and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE)), returning fitted models and actual vs predicted values for train and test sets. The package has been developed using the algorithm of Paul et al. (2023) <doi:10.1007/s43538-025-00581-1>.

This package provides a decision support tool to strategically prioritise evidence gathering in complex, hierarchical AND-OR decision trees. It is designed for situations with incomplete or uncertain information where the goal is to reach a confident conclusion as efficiently as possible (responding to the minimum number of questions, and only spending resources on generating improved evidence when it is of significant value to the final decision). The framework excels in complex analyses with multiple potential successful pathways to a conclusion ('OR nodes). Key features include a dynamic influence index to guide users to the most impactful question, a system for propagating answers and semi-quantitative confidence scores (0-5) up the tree, and post-conclusion guidance to identify the best actions to increase the final confidence. These components are brought together in an interactive command-line workflow that guides the analysis from start to finish.

This package provides a post-estimation method for categorical response models (CRM). Inputs from objects of class serp(), clm(), polr(), multinom(), mlogit(), vglm() and glm() are currently supported. Available tests include the Hosmer-Lemeshow tests for the binary, multinomial and ordinal logistic regression; the Lipsitz and the Pulkstenis-Robinson tests for the ordinal models. The proportional odds, adjacent-category, and constrained continuation-ratio models are particularly supported at ordinal level. Tests for the proportional odds assumptions in ordinal models are also possible with the Brant and the Likelihood-Ratio tests. Moreover, several summary measures of predictive strength (Pseudo R-squared), and some useful error metrics, including, the brier score, misclassification rate and logloss are also available for the binary, multinomial and ordinal models. Ugba, E. R. and Gertheiss, J. (2018) <http://www.statmod.org/workshops_archive_proceedings_2018.html>.

The saemix package implements the Stochastic Approximation EM algorithm for parameter estimation in (non)linear mixed effects models. It (i) computes the maximum likelihood estimator of the population parameters, without any approximation of the model (linearisation, quadrature approximation,...), using the Stochastic Approximation Expectation Maximization (SAEM) algorithm, (ii) provides standard errors for the maximum likelihood estimator (iii) estimates the conditional modes, the conditional means and the conditional standard deviations of the individual parameters, using the Hastings-Metropolis algorithm (see Comets et al. (2017) <doi:10.18637/jss.v080.i03>). Many applications of SAEM in agronomy, animal breeding and PKPD analysis have been published by members of the Monolix group. The full PDF documentation for the package including references about the algorithm and examples can be downloaded on the github of the IAME research institute for saemix': <https://github.com/iame-researchCenter/saemix/blob/7638e1b09ccb01cdff173068e01c266e906f76eb/docsaem.pdf>.

This natural language processing toolkit provides language-agnostic tokenization', parts of speech tagging', lemmatization and dependency parsing of raw text. Next to text parsing, the package also allows you to train annotation models based on data of treebanks in CoNLL-U format as provided at <https://universaldependencies.org/format.html>. The techniques are explained in detail in the paper: Tokenizing, POS Tagging, Lemmatizing and Parsing UD 2.0 with UDPipe', available at <doi:10.18653/v1/K17-3009>. The toolkit also contains functionalities for commonly used data manipulations on texts which are enriched with the output of the parser. Namely functionalities and algorithms for collocations, token co-occurrence, document term matrix handling, term frequency inverse document frequency calculations, information retrieval metrics (Okapi BM25), handling of multi-word expressions, keyword detection (Rapid Automatic Keyword Extraction, noun phrase extraction, syntactical patterns) sentiment scoring and semantic similarity analysis.

This package provides raster grid logic, operations that describe a discretized rectangular domain and do not require access to materialized data. Grids are arrays with dimension and extent, and many operations are functions of dimension only: number of columns, number of rows, or they are a combination of the dimension and the extent the range in x and the range in y in that order. Here we provide direct access to this logic without need for connection to any materialized data or formats. Grid logic includes functions that relate the cell index to row and column, or row and column to cell index, row, column or cell index to position. These methods are described in Loudon, TV, Wheeler, JF, Andrew, KP (1980) <doi:10.1016/0098-3004(80)90015-1>, and implementations were in part derived from Hijmans R (2024) <doi:10.32614/CRAN.package.terra>.

Functional enrichment analysis methods such as gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) have been widely used for analyzing gene expression data. GSEA is a powerful method to infer results of gene expression data at a level of gene sets by calculating enrichment scores for predefined sets of genes. GSEA depends on the availability and accuracy of gene sets. There are overlaps between terms of gene sets or categories because multiple terms may exist for a single biological process, and it can thus lead to redundancy within enriched terms. In other words, the sets of related terms are overlapping. Using deep learning, this pakage is aimed to predict enrichment scores for unique tokens or words from text in names of gene sets to resolve this overlapping set issue. Furthermore, we can coin a new term by combining tokens and find its enrichment score by predicting such a combined tokens.

Learning, manipulation and evaluation of mixtures of truncated basis functions (MoTBFs), which include mixtures of polynomials (MOPs) and mixtures of truncated exponentials (MTEs). MoTBFs are a flexible framework for modelling hybrid Bayesian networks (I. Pérez-Bernabé, A. Salmerón, H. Langseth (2015) <doi:10.1007/978-3-319-20807-7_36>; H. Langseth, T.D. Nielsen, I. Pérez-Bernabé, A. Salmerón (2014) <doi:10.1016/j.ijar.2013.09.012>; I. Pérez-Bernabé, A. Fernández, R. Rumà , A. Salmerón (2016) <doi:10.1007/s10618-015-0429-7>). The package provides functionality for learning univariate, multivariate and conditional densities, with the possibility of incorporating prior knowledge. Structural learning of hybrid Bayesian networks is also provided. A set of useful tools is provided, including plotting, printing and likelihood evaluation. This package makes use of S3 objects, with two new classes called motbf and jointmotbf'.

This natural language processing toolkit provides language-agnostic tokenization, parts of speech tagging, lemmatization and dependency parsing of raw text. Next to text parsing, the package also allows you to train annotation models based on data of treebanks in CoNLL-U format as provided at https://universaldependencies.org/format.html. The techniques are explained in detail in the paper: 'Tokenizing, POS Tagging, Lemmatizing and Parsing UD 2.0 with UDPipe', available at doi:10.18653/v1/K17-3009. The toolkit also contains functionalities for commonly used data manipulations on texts which are enriched with the output of the parser. Namely functionalities and algorithms for collocations, token co-occurrence, document term matrix handling, term frequency inverse document frequency calculations, information retrieval metrics (Okapi BM25), handling of multi-word expressions, keyword detection (Rapid Automatic Keyword Extraction, noun phrase extraction, syntactical patterns) sentiment scoring and semantic similarity analysis.

This package implements PRIDIT (Principal Component Analysis applied to RIDITs'), an unsupervised, nonparametric method for aggregating ordinal, categorical, and continuous indicators into a single interpretable composite score. Originally proposed by Brockett et al. (2002) <doi:10.1111/1539-6975.00027> for insurance fraud detection and extended to hospital quality measurement by Lieberthal (2008) <doi:10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00821.x> and Lieberthal and Comer (2013) <doi:10.1111/rmir.12009>. The package provides: (1) low-level functions ridit(), PRIDITweight(), and PRIDITscore(); (2) a unified pridit() entry point returning a classed object with print, summary, autoplot', and coef methods; (3) pridit_boot() for bootstrap confidence intervals on scores and weights; (4) a step_pridit() recipe step for out-of-sample scoring within the tidymodels framework; and (5) pridit_longitudinal() for panel data, computing cross-period stability of scores and weights.

Solves optimal pairing and matching problems using linear assignment algorithms. Provides implementations of the Hungarian method (Kuhn 1955) <doi:10.1002/nav.3800020109>, Jonker-Volgenant shortest path algorithm (Jonker and Volgenant 1987) <doi:10.1007/BF02278710>, Auction algorithm (Bertsekas 1988) <doi:10.1007/BF02186476>, cost-scaling (Goldberg and Kennedy 1995) <doi:10.1007/BF01585996>, scaling algorithms (Gabow and Tarjan 1989) <doi:10.1137/0218069>, push-relabel (Goldberg and Tarjan 1988) <doi:10.1145/48014.61051>, and Sinkhorn entropy-regularized transport (Cuturi 2013) <doi:10.48550/arxiv.1306.0895>. Designed for matching plots, sites, samples, or any pairwise optimization problem. Supports rectangular matrices, forbidden assignments, data frame inputs, batch solving, k-best solutions, and pixel-level image morphing for visualization. Includes automatic preprocessing with variable health checks, multiple scaling methods (standardized, range, robust), greedy matching algorithms, and comprehensive balance diagnostics for assessing match quality using standardized differences and distribution comparisons.

This package provides a collection of tools and data for analyzing the Gause microcosm experiments, and for fitting Lotka-Volterra models to time series data. Includes methods for fitting single-species logistic growth, and multi-species interaction models, e.g. of competition, predator/prey relationships, or mutualism. See documentation for individual functions for examples. In general, see the lv_optim() function for examples of how to fit parameter values in multi-species systems. Note that the general methods applied here, as well as the form of the differential equations that we use, are described in detail in the Quantitative Ecology textbook by Lehman et al., available at <http://hdl.handle.net/11299/204551>, and in Lina K. Mühlbauer, Maximilienne Schulze, W. Stanley Harpole, and Adam T. Clark. gauseR': Simple methods for fitting Lotka-Volterra models describing Gause's Struggle for Existence in the journal Ecology and Evolution.

This package provides a collection of clinical trial designs and methods, implemented in rstan and R, including: the Continual Reassessment Method by O'Quigley et al. (1990) <doi:10.2307/2531628>; EffTox by Thall & Cook (2004) <doi:10.1111/j.0006-341X.2004.00218.x>; the two-parameter logistic method of Neuenschwander, Branson & Sponer (2008) <doi:10.1002/sim.3230>; and the Augmented Binary method by Wason & Seaman (2013) <doi:10.1002/sim.5867>; and more. We provide functions to aid model-fitting and analysis. The rstan implementations may also serve as a cookbook to anyone looking to extend or embellish these models. We hope that this package encourages the use of Bayesian methods in clinical trials. There is a preponderance of early phase trial designs because this is where Bayesian methods are used most. If there is a method you would like implemented, please get in touch.

Simple and efficient access to Yahoo Finance's historical data API <https://finance.yahoo.com/> for querying and retrieval of financial data. The core functionality of the yfhist package abstracts the complexities of interacting with Yahoo Finance APIs, such as session management, crumb and cookie handling, query construction, date validation, and interval management. This abstraction allows users to focus on retrieving data rather than managing API details. Use cases include historical data across a range of security types including equities & ETFs, indices, and other tickers. The package supports flexible query capabilities, including customizable date ranges, multiple time intervals, and automatic data validation. It automatically manages interval-specific limitations, such as lookback periods for intraday data and maximum date ranges for minute-level intervals. The implementation leverages standard HTTP libraries to handle API interactions efficiently and provides support for both R and Python to ensure accessibility for a broad audience.

This package provides a simple approach to using a probit or logit analysis to calculate lethal concentration (LC) or time (LT) and the appropriate fiducial confidence limits desired for selected LC or LT for ecotoxicology studies (Finney 1971; Wheeler et al. 2006; Robertson et al. 2007). The simplicity of ecotox comes from the syntax it implies within its functions which are similar to functions like glm() and lm(). In addition to the simplicity of the syntax, a comprehensive data frame is produced which gives the user a predicted LC or LT value for the desired level and a suite of important parameters such as fiducial confidence limits and slope. Finney, D.J. (1971, ISBN: 052108041X); Wheeler, M.W., Park, R.M., and Bailer, A.J. (2006) <doi:10.1897/05-320R.1>; Robertson, J.L., Savin, N.E., Russell, R.M., and Preisler, H.K. (2007, ISBN: 0849323312).

This package provides a formula-based wrapper around glmnet that brings the glm()'-compatible modeling workflow to regularized generalized linear models. Training-time terms', xlevels', and contrasts are stored on the fit object and reused at predict time, so the design matrix is reconstructed consistently across sessions. Complete-case bookkeeping is exposed via nobs_info', and linearly dependent columns are detected by a QR pivot and reported as NA in coef() and summary() (the stats::glm() convention), distinguishing "not identifiable" from "shrunk to zero by the penalty". Novel factor levels at predict time raise the same error stats::predict.glm() does by default, with on_new_levels = "na" as a production-style opt-in. Accepts character family strings ('gaussian', binomial', poisson', cox', multinomial', mgaussian') and any glm family object the underlying glmnet itself accepts, including Gamma and fixed-theta negative binomial via MASS::negative.binomial'.

This package provides a comprehensive, modular framework for computing the Soil Quality Index (SQI) using six established methods: Linear Scoring (Doran and Parkin, 1994, <doi:10.2136/sssaspecpub35.c1>), Regression-based (Masto et al., 2008, <doi:10.1007/s10661-007-9697-z>), Principal Component Analysis-based (Andrews et al., 2004, <doi:10.2136/sssaj2004.1945>), Fuzzy Logic, Entropy Weighting (Shannon, 1948, <doi:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x>), and TOPSIS (Hwang and Yoon, 1981, <doi:10.1007/978-3-642-48318-9>). Implements four variable scoring functions: more-is-better, less-is-better, optimum-value, and trapezoidal, following Karlen and Stott (1994, <doi:10.2136/sssaspecpub35.c4>). Includes automated Minimum Data Set selection via Principal Component Analysis with Variance Inflation Factor filtering (Kaiser, 1960, <doi:10.1177/001316446002000116>), one-way ANOVA with Tukey HSD post-hoc tests, leave-one-out sensitivity analysis, and publication-quality visualization using ggplot2'.

The heterogeneous treatment effect estimation procedure proposed by Imai and Ratkovic (2013)<DOI: 10.1214/12-AOAS593>. The proposed method is applicable, for example, when selecting a small number of most (or least) efficacious treatments from a large number of alternative treatments as well as when identifying subsets of the population who benefit (or are harmed by) a treatment of interest. The method adapts the Support Vector Machine classifier by placing separate LASSO constraints over the pre-treatment parameters and causal heterogeneity parameters of interest. This allows for the qualitative distinction between causal and other parameters, thereby making the variable selection suitable for the exploration of causal heterogeneity. The package also contains a class of functions, CausalANOVA, which estimates the average marginal interaction effects (AMIEs) by a regularized ANOVA as proposed by Egami and Imai (2019). It contains a variety of regularization techniques to facilitate analysis of large factorial experiments.

The Gene Ontology (GO) Consortium <https://geneontology.org/> organizes genes into hierarchical categories based on biological process (BP), molecular function (MF) and cellular component (CC, i.e., subcellular localization). Tools such as GoMiner (see Zeeberg, B.R., Feng, W., Wang, G. et al. (2003) <doi:10.1186/gb-2003-4-4-r28>) can leverage GO to perform ontological analysis of microarray and proteomics studies, typically generating a list of significant functional categories. Microarray studies are usually analyzed with BP, whereas proteomics researchers often prefer CC. To capture the benefit of both of those ontologies, I developed a two-dimensional version of High-Throughput GoMiner ('HTGM2D'). I generate a 2D heat map whose axes are any two of BP, MF, or CC, and the value within a picture element of the heat map reflects the Jaccard metric p-value for the number of genes in common for the corresponding pair.

This package provides measures to describe and manipulate one-mode, two-mode, multiplex, and multilevel networks using matrix algebra. Implements functions for network centrality, cohesive subgroups, communities, structural holes, roles and positions, similarity measures, path distances, signed networks, segregation, social influence, and random network generation. Supports ego-centric and whole-network analyses, including dyadic and triadic censuses, structural balance, bipartite projections, measures with overlapping group memberships, Q-analysis, neighbourhood-inclusion dominance, main path analysis of citation networks, and permutation tests for networks. Key references: Bonacich (1972) <doi:10.1080/0022250X.1972.9989806>, Breiger (1974) <doi:10.2307/2576011>, Kivela et al. (2014) <doi:10.1093/comnet/cnu016>, Espinosa-Rada et al. (2024) <doi:10.1016/j.socnet.2023.11.008>, Schoch and Brandes (2016) <doi:10.1017/S0956792516000401>, Traag et al. (2019) <doi:10.1038/s41598-019-41695-z>, Everett and Borgatti (2026) <doi:10.1016/j.socnet.2025.12.001>.

This package creates realistic random trajectories in a 3-D space between two given fix points, so-called conditional empirical random walks (CERWs). The trajectory generation is based on empirical distribution functions extracted from observed trajectories (training data) and thus reflects the geometrical movement characteristics of the mover. A digital elevation model (DEM), representing the Earth's surface, and a background layer of probabilities (e.g. food sources, uplift potential, waterbodies, etc.) can be used to influence the trajectories. Unterfinger M (2018). "3-D Trajectory Simulation in Movement Ecology: Conditional Empirical Random Walk". Master's thesis, University of Zurich. <https://www.geo.uzh.ch/dam/jcr:6194e41e-055c-4635-9807-53c5a54a3be7/MasterThesis_Unterfinger_2018.pdf>. Technitis G, Weibel R, Kranstauber B, Safi K (2016). "An algorithm for empirically informed random trajectory generation between two endpoints". GIScience 2016: Ninth International Conference on Geographic Information Science, 9, online. <doi:10.5167/uzh-130652>.

This package provides a toolkit that allows scientists to work with data from single cell sequencing technologies such as scRNA-seq, scVDJ-seq, scATAC-seq, CITE-Seq and Spatial Transcriptomics (ST). Single (i) Cell R package ('iCellR') provides unprecedented flexibility at every step of the analysis pipeline, including normalization, clustering, dimensionality reduction, imputation, visualization, and so on. Users can design both unsupervised and supervised models to best suit their research. In addition, the toolkit provides 2D and 3D interactive visualizations, differential expression analysis, filters based on cells, genes and clusters, data merging, normalizing for dropouts, data imputation methods, correcting for batch differences, pathway analysis, tools to find marker genes for clusters and conditions, predict cell types and pseudotime analysis. See Khodadadi-Jamayran, et al (2020) <doi:10.1101/2020.05.05.078550> and Khodadadi-Jamayran, et al (2020) <doi:10.1101/2020.03.31.019109> for more details.

This package provides a weather generator to simulate precipitation and temperature for regions with seasonality. Users input training data containing precipitation, temperature, and seasonality (up to 26 seasons). Including weather season as a training variable allows users to explore the effects of potential changes in season duration as well as average start- and end-time dates due to phenomena like climate change. Data for training should be a single time series but can originate from station data, basin averages, grid cells, etc. Bearup, L., Gangopadhyay, S., & Mikkelson, K. (2021). "Hydroclimate Analysis Lower Santa Cruz River Basin Study (Technical Memorandum No ENV-2020-056)." Bureau of Reclamation. Gangopadhyay, S., Bearup, L. A., Verdin, A., Pruitt, T., Halper, E., & Shamir, E. (2019, December 1). "A collaborative stochastic weather generator for climate impacts assessment in the Lower Santa Cruz River Basin, Arizona." Fall Meeting 2019, American Geophysical Union. <https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019AGUFMGC41G1267G>.

This package provides a workflow for the use of EaSIeR tool, developed to assess patients likelihood to respond to ICB therapies providing just the patients RNA-seq data as input. We integrate RNA-seq data with different types of prior knowledge to extract quantitative descriptors of the tumor microenvironment from several points of view, including composition of the immune repertoire, and activity of intra- and extra-cellular communications. Then, we use multi-task machine learning trained in TCGA data to identify how these descriptors can simultaneously predict several state-of-the-art hallmarks of anti-cancer immune response. In this way we derive cancer-specific models and identify cancer-specific systems biomarkers of immune response. These biomarkers have been experimentally validated in the literature and the performance of EaSIeR predictions has been validated using independent datasets form four different cancer types with patients treated with anti-PD1 or anti-PDL1 therapy.