Fast estimation of multinomial (MNL) and mixed logit (MXL) models in R. Models can be estimated using "Preference" space or "Willingness-to-pay" (WTP) space utility parameterizations. Weighted models can also be estimated. An option is available to run a parallelized multistart optimization loop with random starting points in each iteration, which is useful for non-convex problems like MXL models or models with WTP space utility parameterizations. The main optimization loop uses the nloptr package to minimize the negative log-likelihood function. Additional functions are available for computing and comparing WTP from both preference space and WTP space models and for predicting expected choices and choice probabilities for sets of alternatives based on an estimated model. Mixed logit models can include uncorrelated or correlated heterogeneity covariances and are estimated using maximum simulated likelihood based on the algorithms in Train (2009) <doi:10.1017/CBO9780511805271>. More details can be found in Helveston (2023) <doi:10.18637/jss.v105.i10>.

Studies otolith shape variation among fish populations. Otoliths are calcified structures found in the inner ear of teleost fish and their shape has been known to vary among several fish populations and stocks, making them very useful in taxonomy, species identification and to study geographic variations. The package extends previously described software used for otolith shape analysis by allowing the user to automatically extract closed contour outlines from a large number of images, perform smoothing to eliminate pixel noise described in Haines and Crampton (2000) <doi:10.1111/1475-4983.00148>, choose from conducting either a Fourier or wavelet see Gençay et al (2001) <doi:10.1016/S0378-4371(00)00463-5> transform to the outlines and visualize the mean shape. The output of the package are independent Fourier or wavelet coefficients which can be directly imported into a wide range of statistical packages in R. The package might prove useful in studies of any two dimensional objects.

Aster models are exponential family regression models for life history analysis. They are like generalized linear models except that elements of the response vector can have different families (e. g., some Bernoulli, some Poisson, some zero-truncated Poisson, some normal) and can be dependent, the dependence indicated by a graphical structure. Discrete time survival analysis, zero-inflated Poisson regression, and generalized linear models that are exponential family (e. g., logistic regression and Poisson regression with log link) are special cases. Main use is for data in which there is survival over discrete time periods and there is additional data about what happens conditional on survival (e. g., number of offspring). Uses the exponential family canonical parameterization (aster transform of usual parameterization). Unlike the aster package, this package does dependence groups (nodes of the graph need not be conditionally independent given their predecessor node), including multinomial and two-parameter normal as families. Thus this package also generalizes mark-capture-recapture analysis.

This package provides a user-friendly way for the analysis of multinomial processing tree (MPT) models (e.g., Riefer, D. M., and Batchelder, W. H. [1988]. Multinomial modeling and the measurement of cognitive processes. Psychological Review, 95, 318-339) for single and multiple datasets. The main functions perform model fitting and model selection. Model selection can be done using AIC, BIC, or the Fisher Information Approximation (FIA) a measure based on the Minimum Description Length (MDL) framework. The model and restrictions can be specified in external files or within an R script in an intuitive syntax or using the context-free language for MPTs. The classical .EQN file format for model files is also supported. Besides MPTs, this package can fit a wide variety of other cognitive models such as SDT models (see fit.model). It also supports multicore fitting and FIA calculation (using the snowfall package), can generate or bootstrap data for simulations, and plot predicted versus observed data.

Tool for easy and efficient discretization of continuous and categorical data. The package calculates the most optimal binning of a given explanatory variable with respect to a user-specified target variable. The purpose is to assign a unique Weight-of-Evidence value to each of the calculated binpoints in order to recode the original variable. The package allows users to impose certain restrictions on the functional form on the resulting binning while maximizing the overall information value in the original data. The package is well suited for logistic scoring models where input variables may be subject to restrictions such as linearity by e.g. regulatory authorities. An excellent source describing in detail the development of scorecards, and the role of Weight-of-Evidence coding in credit scoring is (Siddiqi 2006, ISBN: 978â 0-471â 75451â 0). The package utilizes the discrete nature of decision trees and Isotonic Regression to accommodate the trade-off between flexible functional forms and maximum information value.

This package implements Raise Regression as an inference-preserving alternative to Ridge Regression for combating multicollinearity in linear models, including the classical single-variable Raise Regression, the Simultaneous Raise Regression (SRR) based on QR decomposition and the Sequential Variance Inflation Factor (SVIF) of Jacob and Varadharajan (2022) <doi:10.1007/s11135-022-01557-9>, and the original raise parameter selection strategy of Jacob and Varadharajan (2023) <doi:10.13189/ms.2023.110106>. Also implements Robust Raise Regression for data contaminated by outliers, with exact finite-sample inference (sandwich standard errors, Wald tests, Satterthwaite-corrected degrees of freedom) obtained by down-weighting observations using Stahel-Donoho projection outlyingness and Tukey's biweight function. Provides ordinary and robust Ridge Regression (Hoerl and Kennard, 1970, <doi:10.1080/00401706.1970.10488634>), ordinary and robust Liu Regression (Liu, 1993, <doi:10.1080/03610929308831027>), with the robust variants of both based on the MM-estimates of Yohai (1987, <doi:10.1214/aos/1176350366>) and, for Liu Regression specifically, the biasing-parameter derivation of Filzmoser and Kurnaz (2018) <doi:10.1080/03610918.2016.1271889>. Also provides the classical Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) and Condition Number (Belsley, 1991) computed from the correlation matrix of the predictors, and the Robust Variance Inflation Factor (RVIF) and robust Condition Number of Jacob and Varadharajan (2024, Sankhya B, <doi:10.1007/s13571-024-00342-y>), which use the same projection outlyingness and biweight down-weighting scheme to obtain a weighted correlation matrix that resists the influence of outliers. A flexible scaleDat() function supports classical (mean and standard deviation), robust weighted (Stahel-Donoho and Tukey biweight), median and Median Absolute Deviation Normalized (MADN, the median absolute deviation scaled by 1.4826 to estimate the standard deviation under normality), and min-max scaling. Diagnostic and goodness-of-fit plots, and the standard influence-diagnostic suite (Cook's distance, DFBETAS and COVRATIO regression diagnostics) and heteroskedasticity tests (via the lmtest and car packages) analogous to those for objects of class lm', are provided for the exact, unbiased Raise Regression fit.

The at-Risk (aR) approach is based on a two-step parametric estimation procedure that allows to forecast the full conditional distribution of an economic variable at a given horizon, as a function of a set of factors. These density forecasts are then be used to produce coherent forecasts for any downside risk measure, e.g., value-at-risk, expected shortfall, downside entropy. Initially introduced by Adrian et al. (2019) <doi:10.1257/aer.20161923> to reveal the vulnerability of economic growth to financial conditions, the aR approach is currently extensively used by international financial institutions to provide Value-at-Risk (VaR) type forecasts for GDP growth (Growth-at-Risk) or inflation (Inflation-at-Risk). This package provides methods for estimating these models. Datasets for the US and the Eurozone are available to allow testing of the Adrian et al. (2019) model. This package constitutes a useful toolbox (data and functions) for private practitioners, scholars as well as policymakers.

This package provides graph-constrained regression methods in which regularization parameters are selected automatically via estimation of equivalent Linear Mixed Model formulation. riPEER (ridgified Partially Empirical Eigenvectors for Regression) method employs a penalty term being a linear combination of graph-originated and ridge-originated penalty terms, whose two regularization parameters are ML estimators from corresponding Linear Mixed Model solution; a graph-originated penalty term allows imposing similarity between coefficients based on graph information given whereas additional ridge-originated penalty term facilitates parameters estimation: it reduces computational issues arising from singularity in a graph-originated penalty matrix and yields plausible results in situations when graph information is not informative. riPEERc (ridgified Partially Empirical Eigenvectors for Regression with constant) method utilizes addition of a diagonal matrix multiplied by a predefined (small) scalar to handle the non-invertibility of a graph Laplacian matrix. vrPEER (variable reducted PEER) method performs variable-reduction procedure to handle the non-invertibility of a graph Laplacian matrix.

Create short sprint acceleration-velocity (AVP) and force-velocity (FVP) profiles and predict kinematic and kinetic variables using the timing-gate split times, laser or radar gun data, tether devices data, as well as the data provided by the GPS and LPS monitoring systems. The modeling method utilized in this package is based on the works of Furusawa K, Hill AV, Parkinson JL (1927) <doi: 10.1098/rspb.1927.0035>, Greene PR. (1986) <doi: 10.1016/0025-5564(86)90063-5>, Chelly SM, Denis C. (2001) <doi: 10.1097/00005768-200102000-00024>, Clark KP, Rieger RH, Bruno RF, Stearne DJ. (2017) <doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000002081>, Samozino P. (2018) <doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-05633-3_11>, Samozino P. and Peyrot N., et al (2022) <doi: 10.1111/sms.14097>, Clavel, P., et al (2023) <doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2023.111602>, Jovanovic M. (2023) <doi: 10.1080/10255842.2023.2170713>, and Jovanovic M., et al (2024) <doi: 10.3390/s24092894>.

Correspondence analysis (CA) is a matrix factorization method, and is similar to principal components analysis (PCA). Whereas PCA is designed for application to continuous, approximately normally distributed data, CA is appropriate for non-negative, count-based data that are in the same additive scale. The corral package implements CA for dimensionality reduction of a single matrix of single-cell data, as well as a multi-table adaptation of CA that leverages data-optimized scaling to align data generated from different sequencing platforms by projecting into a shared latent space. corral utilizes sparse matrices and a fast implementation of SVD, and can be called directly on Bioconductor objects (e.g., SingleCellExperiment) for easy pipeline integration. The package also includes additional options, including variations of CA to address overdispersion in count data (e.g., Freeman-Tukey chi-squared residual), as well as the option to apply CA-style processing to continuous data (e.g., proteomic TOF intensities) with the Hellinger distance adaptation of CA.

This package provides tools for estimating forest metrics such as stem volume, biomass, and carbon using regional allometric equations. The package implements widely used models including Dagnelie P., Rondeux J. & Palm R. (2013, ISBN:9782870161258) "Cubage des arbres et des peuplements forestiers - Tables et equations" <https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/155356>, Vallet P., Dhote J.-F., Le Moguedec G., Ravart M. & Pignard G. (2006) "Development of total aboveground volume equations for seven important forest tree species in France" <doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2006.03.013>, Pauwels D. & Rondeux J. (1999, ISSN:07779992) "Tarifs de cubage pour les petits bois de meleze (Larix sp.) en Ardenne" <https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/96128>, Massenet J.-Y. (2006) "Chapitre IV: Estimation du volume" <https://jymassenet-foret.fr/cours/dendrometrie/Coursdendrometriepdf/Dendro4-2009.pdf>, France Valley (2025) "Bilan Carbone Forestier - Methodologie" <https://www.france-valley.com/hubfs/Bilan%20Carbone%20Forestier.pdf>. Its modular structure allows transparent integration of bibliographic or user-defined allometric relationships.

Fit Hawkes and log-Gaussian Cox process models with extensions. Introduced in Hawkes (1971) <doi:10.2307/2334319> a Hawkes process is a self-exciting temporal point process where the occurrence of an event immediately increases the chance of another. We extend this to consider self-inhibiting process and a non-homogeneous background rate. A log-Gaussian Cox process is a Poisson point process where the log-intensity is given by a Gaussian random field. We extend this to a joint likelihood formulation fitting a marked log-Gaussian Cox model. In addition, the package offers functionality to fit self-exciting spatiotemporal point processes. Models are fitted via maximum likelihood using TMB (Template Model Builder). Where included 1) random fields are assumed to be Gaussian and are integrated over using the Laplace approximation and 2) a stochastic partial differential equation model, introduced by Lindgren, Rue, and Lindström. (2011) <doi:10.1111/j.1467-9868.2011.00777.x>, is defined for the field(s).

mistyR is an implementation of the Multiview Intercellular SpaTialmodeling framework (MISTy). MISTy is an explainable machine learning framework for knowledge extraction and analysis of single-cell, highly multiplexed, spatially resolved data. MISTy facilitates an in-depth understanding of marker interactions by profiling the intra- and intercellular relationships. MISTy is a flexible framework able to process a custom number of views. Each of these views can describe a different spatial context, i.e., define a relationship among the observed expressions of the markers, such as intracellular regulation or paracrine regulation, but also, the views can also capture cell-type specific relationships, capture relations between functional footprints or focus on relations between different anatomical regions. Each MISTy view is considered as a potential source of variability in the measured marker expressions. Each MISTy view is then analyzed for its contribution to the total expression of each marker and is explained in terms of the interactions with other measurements that led to the observed contribution.

Computing and plotting the distance covariance and correlation function of a univariate or a multivariate time series. Both versions of biased and unbiased estimators of distance covariance and correlation are provided. Test statistics for testing pairwise independence are also implemented. Some data sets are also included. References include: a) Edelmann Dominic, Fokianos Konstantinos and Pitsillou Maria (2019). An Updated Literature Review of Distance Correlation and Its Applications to Time Series'. International Statistical Review, 87(2): 237--262. <doi:10.1111/insr.12294>. b) Fokianos Konstantinos and Pitsillou Maria (2018). Testing independence for multivariate time series via the auto-distance correlation matrix'. Biometrika, 105(2): 337--352. <doi:10.1093/biomet/asx082>. c) Fokianos Konstantinos and Pitsillou Maria (2017). Consistent testing for pairwise dependence in time series'. Technometrics, 59(2): 262--270. <doi:10.1080/00401706.2016.1156024>. d) Pitsillou Maria and Fokianos Konstantinos (2016). dCovTS: Distance Covariance/Correlation for Time Series'. R Journal, 8(2):324-340. <doi:10.32614/RJ-2016-049>.

An implementation of sparsity-ranked lasso and related methods for time series data. This methodology is especially useful for large time series with exogenous features and/or complex seasonality. Originally described in Peterson and Cavanaugh (2022) <doi:10.1007/s10182-021-00431-7> in the context of variable selection with interactions and/or polynomials, ranked sparsity is a philosophy with methods useful for variable selection in the presence of prior informational asymmetry. This situation exists for time series data with complex seasonality, as shown in Peterson and Cavanaugh (2024) <doi:10.1177/1471082X231225307>, which also describes this package in greater detail. The sparsity-ranked penalization methods for time series implemented in fastTS can fit large/complex/high-frequency time series quickly, even with a high-dimensional exogenous feature set. The method is considerably faster than its competitors, while often producing more accurate predictions. Also included is a long hourly series of arrivals into the University of Iowa Emergency Department with concurrent local temperature.

This package contains the functions for testing the spatial patterns (of segregation, spatial symmetry, association, disease clustering, species correspondence, and reflexivity) based on nearest neighbor relations, especially using contingency tables such as nearest neighbor contingency tables (Ceyhan (2010) <doi:10.1007/s10651-008-0104-x> and Ceyhan (2017) <doi:10.1016/j.jkss.2016.10.002> and references therein), nearest neighbor symmetry contingency tables (Ceyhan (2014) <doi:10.1155/2014/698296>), species correspondence contingency tables and reflexivity contingency tables (Ceyhan (2018) <doi:10.2436/20.8080.02.72> for two (or higher) dimensional data. The package also contains functions for generating patterns of segregation, association, uniformity in a multi-class setting (Ceyhan (2014) <doi:10.1007/s00477-013-0824-9>), and various non-random labeling patterns for disease clustering in two dimensional cases (Ceyhan (2014) <doi:10.1002/sim.6053>), and for visualization of all these patterns for the two dimensional data. The tests are usually (asymptotic) normal z-tests or chi-square tests.

Nonparametric (and semiparametric) kernel methods that seamlessly handle a mix of continuous, unordered, and ordered factor data types. This package is a parallel implementation of the np package based on the MPI specification that incorporates the Rmpi package (Hao Yu <hyu@stats.uwo.ca>) with minor modifications and we are extremely grateful to Hao Yu for his contributions to the R community. We would like to gratefully acknowledge support from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC, <https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/>), the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC, <https://www.sshrc-crsh.gc.ca/>), and the Shared Hierarchical Academic Research Computing Network (SHARCNET, <https://sharcnet.ca/>). We would also like to acknowledge the contributions of the GNU GSL authors. In particular, we adapt the GNU GSL B-spline routine gsl_bspline.c adding automated support for quantile knots (in addition to uniform knots), providing missing functionality for derivatives, and for extending the splines beyond their endpoints.

This package provides a probabilistic framework that integrates Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) (Banker et al., 1984) <doi:10.1287/mnsc.30.9.1078> with machine learning classifiers (Kuhn, 2008) <doi:10.18637/jss.v028.i05> to estimate both the (in)efficiency status and the probability of efficiency for decision-making units. The approach trains predictive models on DEA-derived efficiency labels (Charnes et al., 1985) <doi:10.1016/0304-4076(85)90133-2>, enabling explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) workflows with global and local interpretability tools, including permutation importance (Molnar et al., 2018) <doi:10.21105/joss.00786>, Shapley value explanations (Strumbelj & Kononenko, 2014) <doi:10.1007/s10115-013-0679-x>, and sensitivity analysis (Cortez, 2011) <https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=rminer>. The framework also supports probability-threshold peer selection and counterfactual improvement recommendations for benchmarking and policy evaluation. The probabilistic efficiency framework is detailed in González-Moyano et al. (2025) "Probability-based Technical Efficiency Analysis through Machine Learning", in review for publication.

Fits constrained and unrestricted meta-analytic location-scale models in which residual between-study heterogeneity is modeled as an exponential function of a prespecified design-robustness score. The package supports maximum-likelihood (ML) and restricted maximum-likelihood (REML) estimation, location moderators, the conventional random-effects model as a nested special case, exact estimation at the nonnegative scale-gradient boundary, design-indexed heterogeneity summaries, scale-attenuation measures, prediction of fitted heterogeneity, leave-one-out influence diagnostics, and parametric-bootstrap inference for the scale gradient. A grouped scale diagnostic checks whether a monotone curve misses an interior peak or trough. Because the scale-gradient null lies on the boundary of the constrained parameter space, standard chi-square likelihood-ratio references do not apply (Self and Liang, 1987, <doi:10.1080/01621459.1987.10478472>). The general location-scale parent model is described in Viechtbauer and Lopez-Lopez (2022, <doi:10.1002/jrsm.1562>). A scale model reweights studies and does not adjust the mean for design-linked bias.

Log-multiplicative association models (LMA) are models for cross-classifications of categorical variables where interactions are represented by products of category scale values and an association parameter. Maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) fails for moderate to large numbers of categorical variables. The pleLMA package overcomes this limitation of MLE by using pseudo-likelihood estimation to fit the models to small or large cross-classifications dichotomous or multi-category variables. Originally proposed by Besag (1974, <doi:10.1111/j.2517-6161.1974.tb00999.x>), pseudo-likelihood estimation takes large complex models and breaks it down into smaller ones. Rather than maximizing the likelihood of the joint distribution of all the variables, a pseudo-likelihood function, which is the product likelihoods from conditional distributions, is maximized. LMA models can be derived from a number of different frameworks including (but not limited to) graphical models and uni-dimensional and multi-dimensional item response theory models. More details about the models and estimation can be found in the vignette.

Allows the user to carry out GLM on very large data sets. Data can be created using the data_frame() function and appended to the object with object$append(data); data_frame and data_matrix objects are available that allow the user to store large data on disk. The data is stored as doubles in binary format and any character columns are transformed to factors and then stored as numeric (binary) data while a look-up table is stored in a separate .meta_data file in the same folder. The data is stored in blocks and GLM regression algorithm is modified and carries out a MapReduce- like algorithm to fit the model. The functions bglm(), and summary() and bglm_predict() are available for creating and post-processing of models. The library requires Armadillo installed on your system. It may not function on windows since multi-core processing is done using mclapply() which forks R on Unix/Linux type operating systems.

This package provides a new set of tools to help with the development of detailed ecological niche models using multiple algorithms. Pre-modeling analyses and explorations can be done to prepare data. Model calibration (model selection) can be done by creating and testing models with several parameter combinations. Handy options for producing final models with transfers are included. Other tools to assess extrapolation risks and variability in model transfers are also available. Methodological and theoretical basis for the methods implemented here can be found in: Peterson et al. (2011) <https://www.degruyter.com/princetonup/view/title/506966>, Radosavljevic and Anderson (2014) <doi:10.1111/jbi.12227>, Peterson et al. (2018) <doi:10.1111/nyas.13873>, Cobos et al. (2019) <doi:10.7717/peerj.6281>, Alkishe et al. (2020) <doi:10.1016/j.pecon.2020.03.002>, Machado-Stredel et al. (2021) <doi:10.21425/F5FBG48814>, Arias-Giraldo and Cobos (2024) <doi:10.17161/bi.v18i.21742>, Cobos et al. (2024) <doi:10.17161/bi.v18i.21742>.

This package provides the vcd2df function, which loads a IEEE 1364-1995/2001 VCD (.vcd) file, specified as a parameter of type string containing exactly a file path, and returns an R dataframe containing values over time. A VCD file captures the register values at discrete timepoints from a simulated trace of execution of a hardware design in Verilog or VHDL. The returned dataframe contains a row for each register, by name, and a column for each time point, specified VCD-style using octothorpe-prefixed multiples of the timescale as strings. The only non-trivial implementation details are that (1) VCD x and z non-numerical values are encoded as negative value -1 (as otherwise all bit values are positive) and (2) registers with repeated names in distinct modules are ignored, rather than duplicated, as we anticipate these registers to have the same values. Read more in arXiv preprint: vcd2df -- Leveraging Data Science Insights for Hardware Security Research <doi:10.48550/arXiv.2505.06470>.

The TRONCO (TRanslational ONCOlogy) R package collects algorithms to infer progression models via the approach of Suppes-Bayes Causal Network, both from an ensemble of tumors (cross-sectional samples) and within an individual patient (multi-region or single-cell samples). The package provides parallel implementation of algorithms that process binary matrices where each row represents a tumor sample and each column a single-nucleotide or a structural variant driving the progression; a 0/1 value models the absence/presence of that alteration in the sample. The tool can import data from plain, MAF or GISTIC format files, and can fetch it from the cBioPortal for cancer genomics. Functions for data manipulation and visualization are provided, as well as functions to import/export such data to other bioinformatics tools for, e.g, clustering or detection of mutually exclusive alterations. Inferred models can be visualized and tested for their confidence via bootstrap and cross-validation. TRONCO is used for the implementation of the Pipeline for Cancer Inference (PICNIC).