In tumor tissue, underlying genomic instability can lead to DNA copy number alterations, e.g., copy number gains or losses. Sporadic copy number alterations occur randomly throughout the genome, whereas recurrent alterations are observed in the same genomic region across multiple independent samples, perhaps because they provide a selective growth advantage. This package implements the DiNAMIC procedure for assessing the statistical significance of recurrent DNA copy number aberrations (Bioinformatics (2011) 27(5) 678 - 685).

Discrete splines are a class of univariate piecewise polynomial functions which are analogous to splines, but whose smoothness is defined via divided differences rather than derivatives. Tools for efficient computations relating to discrete splines are provided here. These tools include discrete differentiation and integration, various matrix computations with discrete derivative or discrete spline bases matrices, and interpolation within discrete spline spaces. These techniques are described in Tibshirani (2020) <doi:10.48550/arXiv.2003.03886>.

Clustered or multilevel data structures are common in the assessment of differential item functioning (DIF), particularly in the context of large-scale assessment programs. This package allows users to implement extensions of the Mantel-Haenszel DIF detection procedures in the presence of multilevel data based on the work of Begg (1999) <doi:10.1111/j.0006-341X.1999.00302.x>, Begg & Paykin (2001) <doi:10.1080/00949650108812115>, and French & Finch (2013) <doi:10.1177/0013164412472341>.

Diagnostic classification models are psychometric models used to categorically estimate respondents mastery, or proficiency, on a set of predefined skills (Bradshaw, 2016, <doi:10.1002/9781118956588.ch13>). Diagnostic models can be estimated with Stan'; however, the necessary scripts can be long and complicated. This package automates the creation of Stan scripts for diagnostic classification models. Specify different types of diagnostic models, define prior distributions, and automatically generate the necessary Stan code for estimating the model.

Fit the hierarchical and non-hierarchical Bayesian measurement models proposed by Bullock, Imai, and Shapiro (2011) <DOI:10.1093/pan/mpr031> to analyze endorsement experiments. Endorsement experiments are a survey methodology for eliciting truthful responses to sensitive questions. This methodology is helpful when measuring support for socially sensitive political actors such as militant groups. The model is fitted with a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm and produces the output containing draws from the posterior distribution.

This package contains regional Floristic Quality Assessment databases that have been approved or approved with reservations by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). Paired with the fqacalc R package, these data sets allow for Floristic Quality Assessment metrics to be calculated. For information on FQA see Spyreas (2019) <doi:10.1002/ecs2.2825>. Both packages were developed for the USACE by the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center's Environmental Laboratory.

Estimates the parameters and nonparametric functions of an ARCH-m(X) model with exogenous covariates, estimates the parameters and nonparametric functions of an Additive ARCH-m(X) model with exogenous covariates, estimates the parameters of a GARCH-X model with exogenous covariates, performs hypothesis tests for the covariates returning the p-values, and performs stepwise variable selection on the exogenous covariates, and uses False Discovery Rate p-value corrections to select the exogenous variables.

Turn irregular polygons (such as geographical regions) into regular or hexagonal grids. This package enables the generation of regular (square) and hexagonal grids through the package sp and then assigns the content of the existing polygons to the new grid using the Hungarian algorithm, Kuhn (1955) (<doi:10.1007/978-3-540-68279-0_2>). This prevents the need for manual generation of hexagonal grids or regular grids that are supposed to reflect existing geography.

This package provides methods for estimating borders of uniform distribution on the interval (one-dimensional) and on the elliptical domain (two-dimensional) under measurement errors. For one-dimensional case, it also estimates the length of underlying uniform domain and tests the hypothesized length against two-sided or one-sided alternatives. For two-dimensional case, it estimates the area of underlying uniform domain. It works with numerical inputs as well as with pictures in JPG format.

Scoring functions for widely used loneliness measures, with response keys and reverse-scoring drawn from the original scale manuals. Covers the UCLA Loneliness Scale Version 3 and its three-item short form, the de Jong Gierveld 11- and 6-item scales, the Children's Loneliness and Social Dissatisfaction Scale, and the short Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults. Out-of-range responses raise a warning, and missing-data rules follow each scale's manual.

European Commission's Labour Market Policy (LMP) database (<https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/empl/redisstat/databrowser/explore/all/lmp?lang=en&display=card&sort=category>) provides information on labour market interventions, which are government actions to help and support the unemployed and other disadvantaged groups in the transition from unemployment or inactivity to work. It covers the EU countries and Norway. This package provides functions for downloading and importing the LMP data and metadata (codelists).

Computation of standardized interquartile range (IQR), Huber-type skipped mean (Hampel (1985), <doi:10.2307/1268758>), robust coefficient of variation (CV) (Arachchige et al. (2019), <doi:10.48550/arXiv.1907.01110>), robust signal to noise ratio (SNR), z-score, standardized mean difference (SMD), as well as functions that support graphical visualization such as boxplots based on quartiles (not hinges), negative logarithms and generalized logarithms for ggplot2 (Wickham (2016), ISBN:978-3-319-24277-4).

This package provides a set of tools for testing networks. It includes functions for univariate and multivariate conditional uniform graph and quadratic assignment procedure testing, and network regression. The package is a complement to Multimodal Political Networks (2021, ISBN:9781108985000), and includes various datasets used in the book. Built on the manynet package, all functions operate with matrices, edge lists, and igraph', network', and tidygraph objects, and on one-mode and two-mode (bipartite) networks.

This package provides functions for normalizing psychometric test scores. The normalization aims at correcting the metrological properties of the psychometric tests such as the ceiling and floor effects and the curvilinearity (unequal interval scaling). Functions to compute and plot predictions in the natural scale of the psychometric test from the estimates of a linear mixed model estimated on the normalized scores are also provided. See Philipps et al (2014) <doi:10.1159/000365637> for details.

Estimators and variance estimators tailored to the NILS hierarchical design (Adler et al. 2020, <https://res.slu.se/id/publ/105630>; Grafström et al. 2023, <https://res.slu.se/id/publ/128235>). The National Inventories of Landscapes in Sweden (NILS) is a long-term national monitoring program that collects, analyses and presents data on Swedish nature, covering both common and rare habitats <https://www.slu.se/om-slu/organisation/institutioner/skoglig-resurshushallning/miljoanalys/nils/>.

This package provides tools to process raster data and apply Otsu-based thresholding for burned area mapping and other image segmentation tasks. Implements the method described by Otsu (1979) <doi:10.1109/TSMC.1979.4310076>, a data-driven technique that determines an optimal threshold by maximizing the inter-class variance of pixel intensities. It includes validation functions to assess segmentation accuracy against reference data using standard accuracy metrics such as precision, recall, and F1-score.

An R implementation of the cross-platform, language-independent "port4me" algorithm (<https://github.com/HenrikBengtsson/port4me>), which (1) finds a free Transmission Control Protocol ('TCP') port in [1024,65535] that the user can open, (2) is designed to work in multi-user environments, (3), gives different users, different ports, (4) gives the user the same port over time with high probability, (5) gives different ports for different software tools, and (6) requires no configuration.

This package provides a collection of Radix Tree and Trie algorithms for finding similar sequences and calculating sequence distances (Levenshtein and other distance metrics). This work was inspired by a trie implementation in Python: "Fast and Easy Levenshtein distance using a Trie." Hanov (2011) <https://stevehanov.ca/blog/index.php?id=114>. It also includes a modified version of the Starcode all-pairs search algorithm (Zorita, Cuscó, and Filion 2015) <doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btv053>.

This package provides tools developed to facilitate the establishment of the rank and social hierarchy for gregarious animals by the Si method developed by Kondo & Hurnik (1990)<doi:10.1016/0168-1591(90)90125-W>. It is also possible to determine the number of agonistic interactions between two individuals, sociometric and dyadics matrix from dataset obtained through electronic bins. In addition, it is possible plotting the results using a bar plot, box plot, and sociogram.

This package contains more modern tools for causal inference using regression standardization. Four general classes of models are implemented; generalized linear models, conditional generalized estimating equation models, Cox proportional hazards models, and shared frailty gamma-Weibull models. Methodological details are described in Sjölander, A. (2016) <doi:10.1007/s10654-016-0157-3>. Also includes functionality for doubly robust estimation for generalized linear models in some special cases, and the ability to implement custom models.

Perform association test within linear mixed model framework using score test integrated with Empirical Bayes for genome-wide association study. Firstly, score test was conducted for each marker under linear mixed model framework, taking into account the genetic relatedness and population structure. And then all the potentially associated markers were selected with a less stringent criterion. Finally, all the selected markers were placed into a multi-locus model to identify the true quantitative trait nucleotide.

This package provides a Davidian curve defines a seminonparametric density, whose shape and flexibility can be tuned by easy to estimate parameters. Since a special case of a Davidian curve is the standard normal density, Davidian curves can be used for relaxing normality assumption in statistical applications (Zhang & Davidian, 2001) <doi:10.1111/j.0006-341X.2001.00795.x>. This package provides the density function, the gradient of the loglikelihood and a random generator for Davidian curves.

This package provides tools to perform hierarchical inference for one or multiple studies / data sets based on high-dimensional multivariate (generalised) linear models. A possible application is to perform hierarchical inference for GWA studies to find significant groups or single SNPs (if the signal is strong) in a data-driven and automated procedure. The method is based on an efficient hierarchical multiple testing correction and controls the FWER. The functions can easily be run in parallel.

Set of utility functions for viral quasispecies analysis with NGS data. Most functions are equally useful for metagenomic studies. There are three main types: (1) data manipulation and exploration—functions useful for converting reads to haplotypes and frequencies, repairing reads, intersecting strand haplotypes, and visualizing haplotype alignments. (2) diversity indices—functions to compute diversity and entropy, in which incidence, abundance, and functional indices are considered. (3) data simulation—functions useful for generating random viral quasispecies data.