This package provides functions for training an optimal decision tree classifier, making predictions and generating latex code for plotting. Works for two-class and multi-class classification problems. The algorithm seeks the optimal Boolean rule consisting of multiple variables to split a node, resulting in shorter trees. Use bsnsing() to build a tree, predict() to make predictions and plot() to plot the tree into latex and PDF. See Yanchao Liu (2022) <arXiv:2205.15263> for technical details. Source code and more data sets are at <https://github.com/profyliu/bsnsing/>.

Belief propagation methods in Bayesian Networks to propagate evidence through the network. The implementation of these methods are based on the article: Cowell, RG (2005). Local Propagation in Conditional Gaussian Bayesian Networks <https://www.jmlr.org/papers/v6/cowell05a.html>. For details please see Yu et. al. (2020) BayesNetBP: An R Package for Probabilistic Reasoning in Bayesian Networks <doi:10.18637/jss.v094.i03>. The optional cyjShiny package for running the Shiny app is available at <https://github.com/cytoscape/cyjShiny>. Please see the example in the documentation of runBayesNetApp function for installing cyjShiny package from GitHub.

Analyze bioequivalence study data with industrial strength. Sample size could be determined for various crossover designs, such as 2x2 design, 2x4 design, 4x4 design, Balaam design, Two-sequence dual design, and William design. Reference: Chow SC, Liu JP. Design and Analysis of Bioavailability and Bioequivalence Studies. 3rd ed. (2009, ISBN:978-1-58488-668-6).

The calculator computes bifactor indices such as explained common variance (ECV), hierarchical Omega (OmegaH), percentage of uncontaminated correlations (PUC), item explained common variance (I-ECV), and more. This package is an R version of the Excel based Bifactor Indices Calculator (Dueber, 2017) <doi:10.13023/edp.tool.01> with added convenience features for directly utilizing output from several programs that can fit confirmatory factor analysis or item response models.

Fit Bayesian models using brms'/'Stan with parsnip'/'tidymodels via bayesian <doi:10.5281/zenodo.4426836>. tidymodels is a collection of packages for machine learning; see Kuhn and Wickham (2020) <https://www.tidymodels.org>). The technical details of brms and Stan are described in Bürkner (2017) <doi:10.18637/jss.v080.i01>, Bürkner (2018) <doi:10.32614/RJ-2018-017>, and Carpenter et al. (2017) <doi:10.18637/jss.v076.i01>.

Implementation of the bunching estimator for kinks and notches. Allows for flexible estimation of counterfactual (e.g. controlling for round number bunching, accounting for other bunching masses within bunching window, fixing bunching point to be minimum, maximum or median value in its bin, etc.). It produces publication-ready plots in the style followed since Chetty et al. (2011) <doi:10.1093/qje/qjr013>, with lots of functionality to set plot options.

This package provides functions for downloading data from the Bank for International Settlements (BIS; <https://www.bis.org/>) in Basel. Supported are only full datasets in (typically) CSV format. The package is lightweight and without dependencies; suggested packages are used only if data is to be transformed into particular data structures, for instance into zoo objects. Downloaded data can optionally be cached, to avoid repeated downloads of the same files.

Multilevel ecological data series (MEDS) are sequences of observations ordered according to temporal/spatial hierarchies that are defined by sample designs, with sample variability confined to ecological factors. Dendroclimatic MEDS of tree rings and climate are modeled into normalized fluctuations of tree growth and aridity. Modeled fluctuations (model frames) are compared with Mantel correlograms on multiple levels defined by sample design. Package implementation can be understood by running examples in modelFrame(), and muleMan() functions.

Implementation of the bootkmeans algorithm, a bootstrap augmented k-means algorithm that returns probabilistic cluster assignments. From paper by Ghashti, J.S., Andrews, J.L. Thompson, J.R.J., Epp, J. and H.S. Kochar (2025), "A bootstrap augmented k-means algorithm for fuzzy partitions" (Submitted).

This package provides a developing software suite for multiple change-point and change-point-type feature detection/estimation (data segmentation) in data sequences.

Reproducible and automated analysis of multiplex bead assays such as CBA (Morgan et al. 2004; <doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2003.11.017>), LEGENDplex (Yu et al. 2015; <doi: 10.1084/jem.20142318>), and MACSPlex (Miltenyi Biotec 2014; Application note: Data acquisition and analysis without the MACSQuant analyzer; <https://www.miltenyibiotec.com/upload/assets/IM0021608.PDF>). The package provides functions for streamlined reading of fcs files, and identification of bead clusters and analyte expression. The package eases the calculation of standard curves and the subsequent calculation of the analyte concentration.

Fits novel models for the conditional relative risk, risk difference and odds ratio <doi:10.1080/01621459.2016.1192546>.

This package provides a likelihood method is implemented to present evidence for evaluating bioequivalence (BE). The functions use bioequivalence data [area under the blood concentration-time curve (AUC) and peak concentration (Cmax)] from various crossover designs commonly used in BE studies including a fully replicated, a partially replicated design, and a conventional 2x2 crossover design. They will calculate the profile likelihoods for the mean difference, total standard deviation ratio, and within subject standard deviation ratio for a test and a reference drug. A plot of a standardized profile likelihood can be generated along with the maximum likelihood estimate and likelihood intervals, which present evidence for bioequivalence. See Liping Du and Leena Choi (2015) <doi:10.1002/pst.1661>.

This package provides tools for working with BIDS (Brain Imaging Data Structure) formatted neuroimaging datasets. The package provides functionality for reading and querying BIDS'-compliant projects, creating mock BIDS datasets for testing, and extracting preprocessed data from fMRIPrep derivatives. It supports searching and filtering BIDS files by various entities such as subject, session, task, and run to streamline neuroimaging data workflows. See Gorgolewski et al. (2016) <doi:10.1038/sdata.2016.44> for the BIDS specification.

Offers a flexible formula-based interface for building and training Bayesian Neural Networks powered by Stan'. The package supports modeling complex relationships while providing rigorous uncertainty quantification via posterior distributions. With features like user chosen priors, clear predictions, and support for regression, binary, and multi-class classification, it is well-suited for applications in clinical trials, finance, and other fields requiring robust Bayesian inference and decision-making. References: Neal(1996) <doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-0745-0>.

Runs hierarchical linear Bayesian models. Samples from the posterior distributions of model parameters in JAGS (Just Another Gibbs Sampler; Plummer, 2017, <http://mcmc-jags.sourceforge.net>). Computes Bayes factors for group parameters of interest with the Savage-Dickey density ratio (Wetzels, Raaijmakers, Jakab, Wagenmakers, 2009, <doi:10.3758/PBR.16.4.752>).

This package implements bidirectional two-stage least squares (Bi-TSLS) estimation for identifying bidirectional causal effects between two variables in the presence of unmeasured confounding. The method uses proxy variables (negative control exposure and outcome) along with at least one covariate to handle confounding.

Several specialized statistical tests and support functions for determining if numerical data could conform to Benford's law.

Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort Modeling and Prediction using efficient Markov Chain Monte Carlo Methods. This is the R version of the previous BAMP software as described in Volker Schmid and Leonhard Held (2007) <DOI:10.18637/jss.v021.i08> Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort Modeling and Prediction - BAMP, Journal of Statistical Software 21:8. This package includes checks of convergence using Gelman's R.

This package implements variable selection for high dimensional datasets with a binary response variable using the EM algorithm. Both probit and logit models are supported. Also included is a useful function to generate high dimensional data with correlated variables.

This package provides methods for probabilistic reconciliation of hierarchical forecasts of time series. The available methods include analytical Gaussian reconciliation (Corani et al., 2021) <doi:10.1007/978-3-030-67664-3_13>, MCMC reconciliation of count time series (Corani et al., 2024) <doi:10.1016/j.ijforecast.2023.04.003>, Bottom-Up Importance Sampling (Zambon et al., 2024) <doi:10.1007/s11222-023-10343-y>, methods for the reconciliation of mixed hierarchies (Mix-Cond and TD-cond) (Zambon et al., 2024) <https://proceedings.mlr.press/v244/zambon24a.html>, analytical reconciliation with Bayesian treatment of the covariance matrix (Carrara et al., 2025) <doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2506.19554>.

This package provides a collection of functions for structure learning of causal networks and estimation of joint causal effects from observational Gaussian data. Main algorithm consists of a Markov chain Monte Carlo scheme for posterior inference of causal structures, parameters and causal effects between variables. References: F. Castelletti and A. Mascaro (2021) <doi:10.1007/s10260-021-00579-1>, F. Castelletti and A. Mascaro (2022) <doi:10.48550/arXiv.2201.12003>.

Calculate Bayesian marginal effects, average marginal effects, and marginal coefficients (also called population averaged coefficients) for models fit using the brms package including fixed effects, mixed effects, and location scale models. These are based on marginal predictions that integrate out random effects if necessary (see for example <doi:10.1186/s12874-015-0046-6> and <doi:10.1111/biom.12707>).

This package provides the C++ header-only library barry for use in R packages. barry is a C++ template library for counting sufficient statistics on binary arrays and building discrete exponential-family models. It provides tools for sparse arrays, user-defined count statistics, support set constraints, power set generation, and includes modules for Discrete Exponential Family Models (DEFMs) and network statistics. By placing these headers in this package, we offer an efficient distribution system for CRAN as replication of this code in the sources of other packages is avoided. This package follows the same approach as the BH package which provides Boost headers for R packages.