Bayes factors represent the ratio of probabilities assigned to data by competing scientific hypotheses. However, one drawback of Bayes factors is their dependence on prior specifications that define null and alternative hypotheses. Additionally, there are challenges in their computation. To address these issues, we define Bayes factor functions (BFFs) directly from common test statistics. BFFs express Bayes factors as a function of the prior densities used to define the alternative hypotheses. These prior densities are centered on standardized effects, which serve as indices for the BFF. Therefore, BFFs offer a summary of evidence in favor of alternative hypotheses that correspond to a range of scientifically interesting effect sizes. Such summaries remove the need for arbitrary thresholds to determine "statistical significance." BFFs are available in closed form and can be easily computed from z, t, chi-squared, and F statistics. They depend on hyperparameters "r" and "tau^2", which determine the shape and scale of the prior distributions defining the alternative hypotheses. Plots of BFFs versus effect size provide informative summaries of hypothesis tests that can be easily aggregated across studies.

An interface to the Bayesian Weighted Sums model implemented in RStan'. It estimates the summed effect of multiple, often moderately to highly correlated, continuous predictors. Its applications can be found in analysis of exposure mixtures. The model was proposed by Hamra, Maclehose, Croen, Kauffman, and Newschaffer (2021) <doi:10.3390/ijerph18041373>. This implementation includes an extension to model binary outcome.

Comprehensive toolkit for valid spatial, temporal, and grouped model evaluation. Automatically detects data dependencies (spatial autocorrelation, temporal structure, clustered observations), generates appropriate cross-validation schemes (spatial blocking, checkerboard, hexagonal, KNNDM, environmental blocking, leave-location-out, purged CV), and validates evaluation pipelines for leakage. Includes area of applicability (AOA) assessment following Meyer & Pebesma (2021) <doi:10.1111/2041-210X.13650>, forward feature selection with blocked CV, spatial thinning, block-permutation variable importance, extrapolation detection, and interactive visualizations. Integrates with tidymodels', caret', mlr3', ENMeval', and biomod2'. Based on evaluation principles described in Roberts et al. (2017) <doi:10.1111/ecog.02881>, Kaufman et al. (2012) <doi:10.1145/2382577.2382579>, Kapoor & Narayanan (2023) <doi:10.1016/j.patter.2023.100804>, and Linnenbrink et al. (2024) <doi:10.5194/gmd-17-5897-2024>.

Fits a discharge rating curve based on the power-law and the generalized power-law from data on paired stage and discharge measurements in a given river using a Bayesian hierarchical model as described in Hrafnkelsson et al. (2022) <doi:10.1002/env.2711>.

This package provides functions to construct efficient block designs for 3-level factorial experiments in block size 3. The designs ensure the estimation of all main effects and two-factor interactions in minimum number of replications. For more details, see Dey and Mukerjee (2012) <doi:10.1016/j.spl.2012.06.014> and Dash, S., Parsad, R. and Gupta, V.K. (2013) <doi:10.1007/s40003-013-0059-5>.

Constructs treatment and block designs for linear treatment models with crossed or nested block factors. The treatment design can be any feasible linear model and the block design can be any feasible combination of crossed or nested block factors. The block design is a sum of one or more block factors and the block design is optimized sequentially with the levels of each successive block factor optimized conditional on all previously optimized block factors. D-optimality is used throughout except for square or rectangular lattice block designs which are constructed algebraically using mutually orthogonal Latin squares. Crossed block designs with interaction effects are optimized using a weighting scheme which allows for differential weighting of first and second-order block effects. Outputs include a table showing the allocation of treatments to blocks and tables showing the achieved D-efficiency factors for each block and treatment design. Edmondson, R.N. Multi-level Block Designs for Comparative Experiments. JABES 25, 500â 522 (2020) <doi:10.1007/s13253-020-00416-0>.

Three games: proton, frequon and regression. Each one is a console-based data-crunching game for younger and older data scientists. Act as a data-hacker and find Slawomir Pietraszko's credentials to the Proton server. In proton you have to solve four data-based puzzles to find the login and password. There are many ways to solve these puzzles. You may use loops, data filtering, ordering, aggregation or other tools. Only basics knowledge of R is required to play the game, yet the more functions you know, the more approaches you can try. In frequon you will help to perform statistical cryptanalytic attack on a corpus of ciphered messages. This time seven sub-tasks are pushing the bar much higher. Do you accept the challenge? In regression you will test your modeling skills in a series of eight sub-tasks. Try only if ANOVA is your close friend. It's a part of Beta and Bit project. You will find more about the Beta and Bit project at <https://github.com/BetaAndBit/Charts>.

This package provides a streamlined and user-friendly framework for bootstrapping in state space models, particularly when the number of subjects/units (n) exceeds one, a scenario commonly encountered in social and behavioral sciences. The parametric bootstrap implemented here was developed and applied in Pesigan, Russell, and Chow (2025) <doi:10.1037/met0000779>.

This package provides functions for blind source separation over multivariate spatial data, and useful statistics for evaluating performance of estimation on mixing matrix. BSSoverSpace is based on an eigen analysis of a positive definite matrix defined in terms of multiple normalized spatial local covariance matrices, and thus can handle moderately high-dimensional random fields. This package is an implementation of the method described in Zhang, Hao and Yao (2022)<arXiv:2201.02023>.

Download and read US Census Bureau data relationship files. Provides support for cleaning and using block assignment files since 2010, as described in <https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/block-assignment-files.html>. Also includes support for working with block equivalency files, used for years outside of decennial census years.

Fits a piecewise exponential hazard to survival data using a Hierarchical Bayesian model with an Intrinsic Conditional Autoregressive formulation for the spatial dependency in the hazard rates for each piece. This function uses Metropolis- Hastings-Green MCMC to allow the number of split points to vary and also uses Stochastic Search Variable Selection to determine what covariates drive the risk of the event. This function outputs trace plots depicting the number of split points in the hazard and the number of variables included in the hazard. The function saves all posterior quantities to the desired path.

This package provides comprehensive methods to calculate posterior probabilities, posterior predictive probabilities, and Go/NoGo/Gray decision probabilities for quantitative decision-making under a Bayesian paradigm in clinical trials. The package supports both single and two-endpoint analyses for binary and continuous outcomes, with controlled, uncontrolled, and external designs. For single continuous endpoints, three calculation methods are available: numerical integration (NI), Monte Carlo simulation (MC), and Moment-Matching approximation (MM). For two continuous endpoints, a bivariate Normal-Inverse-Wishart conjugate model is implemented with MC and MM methods. For two binary endpoints, a Dirichlet-multinomial model is implemented. External designs incorporate historical data through power priors using exact conjugate representations (Normal-Inverse-Chi-squared for single continuous, Normal-Inverse-Wishart for two continuous, and Dirichlet for binary endpoints), enabling closed-form posterior computation without Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling. This approach significantly reduces computational burden while preserving complete Bayesian rigor. The package also provides grid-search functions to find optimal Go and NoGo thresholds that satisfy user-specified operating characteristic criteria for all supported endpoint types and study designs. S3 print() and plot() methods are provided for all decision probability classes, enabling formatted display and visualisation of Go/NoGo/Gray operating characteristics across treatment scenarios. See Kang, Yamaguchi, and Han (2026) <doi:10.1080/10543406.2026.2655410> for the methodological framework.

Finds the best block diagonal matrix approximation of a symmetric matrix. This can be exploited for divisive hierarchical clustering using singular vectors, named HC-SVD. The method is described in Bauer (202Xa) <doi:10.48550/arXiv.2308.06820>.

This package provides functions streamlining the data analysis workflow: Outsourcing data import, renaming and type casting to a *.csv. Manipulating imputed datasets and fitting models on them. Summarizing models.

Bland-Altman Plots using either base graphics or ggplot2, augmented with confidence intervals, with detailed return values and a sunflowerplot option for data with ties.

Interface with the Brickset API <https://brickset.com/article/52664/api-version-3-documentation> for getting data about LEGO sets. Data sets that can be used for teaching and learning without the need of a Brickset account and API key are also included. Includes all LEGO since through the end of 2025.

Bayesian model and associated tools for generating estimates of total naloxone kit numbers distributed and used from naloxone kit orders data. Provides functions for generating simulated data of naloxone kit use and functions for generating samples from the posterior.

Handy frameworks, such as error handling and log generation, for batch scripts. Use case: in scripts running in remote servers, set error handling mechanism for downloading and uploading and record operation log.

This package provides tools to generate unique identifier codes and printable barcoded labels for the management of biological samples. The creation of unique ID codes and printable PDF files can be initiated by standard commands, user prompts, or through a GUI addin for R Studio. Biologically informative codes can be included for hierarchically structured sampling designs.

Statistical decision in proteomics data using a hierarchical Bayesian model. There are two regression models for describing the mean-variance trend, a gamma regression or a latent gamma mixture regression. The regression model is then used as an Empirical Bayes estimator for the prior on the variance in a peptide. Further, it assumes that each measurement has an uncertainty (increased variance) associated with it that is also inferred. Finally, it tries to estimate the posterior distribution (by Hamiltonian Monte Carlo) for the differences in means for each peptide in the data. Once the posterior is inferred, it integrates the tails to estimate the probability of error from which a statistical decision can be made. See Berg and Popescu for details (<doi:10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100658>).

Efficiently access the Bedrock Bio library of open-access computational biology datasets. Lazily query datasets backed by DuckDB and Apache Iceberg', with support for predicate pushdown and column projection to the cloud storage backend. This enables quick, iterative access to otherwise massive, unwieldy datasets without downloading them in full. See <https://bedrock.bio> for available datasets and documentation.

Specify and fit the Bradley-Terry model, including structured versions in which the parameters are related to explanatory variables through a linear predictor and versions with contest-specific effects, such as a home advantage.

Efficient Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms for the fully Bayesian estimation of vectorautoregressions (VARs) featuring stochastic volatility (SV). Implements state-of-the-art shrinkage priors following Gruber & Kastner (2025) <doi:10.1016/j.ijforecast.2025.02.001>. Efficient equation-per-equation estimation following Kastner & Huber (2020) <doi:10.1002/for.2680> and Carrerio et al. (2021) <doi:10.1016/j.jeconom.2021.11.010>.

Preprocessing tools and biodiversity measures (species abundance, species richness, population heterogeneity and sensitivity) for analysing marine benthic data. See Van Loon et al. (2015) <doi:10.1016/j.seares.2015.05.002> for an application of these tools.