Projections are common dimensionality reduction methods, which represent high-dimensional data in a two-dimensional space. However, when restricting the output space to two dimensions, which results in a two dimensional scatter plot (projection) of the data, low dimensional similarities do not represent high dimensional distances coercively [Thrun, 2018] <DOI: 10.1007/978-3-658-20540-9>. This could lead to a misleading interpretation of the underlying structures [Thrun, 2018]. By means of the 3D topographic map the generalized Umatrix is able to depict errors of these two-dimensional scatter plots. The package is derived from the book of Thrun, M.C.: "Projection Based Clustering through Self-Organization and Swarm Intelligence" (2018) <DOI:10.1007/978-3-658-20540-9> and the main algorithm called simplified self-organizing map for dimensionality reduction methods is published in Thrun, M.C. and Ultsch, A.: "Uncovering High-dimensional Structures of Projections from Dimensionality Reduction Methods" (2020) <DOI:10.1016/j.mex.2020.101093>.

This package provides functions for obtaining generalized normal/exponential power distribution probabilities, quantiles, densities and random deviates. The generalized normal/exponential power distribution was introduced by Subbotin (1923) and rediscovered by Nadarajah (2005). The parametrization given by Nadarajah (2005) <doi:10.1080/02664760500079464> is used.

Simple package to download Google Sheets using just the sharing link. Spreadsheets can be downloaded as a data frame, or as plain text to parse manually. Google Sheets is the new name for Google Docs Spreadsheets <https://www.google.com/sheets/about>.

This package provides a Gaussian or Student's t copula-based procedure for generating samples from discrete random variables with prescribed correlation matrix and marginal distributions.

This package provides Generalized Inferences based on exact distributions and exact probability statements for mixed effect models, provided by such papers as Weerahandi and Yu (2020) <doi:10.1186/s40488-020-00105-w> under the widely used Compound Symmetric Covariance structure. The package returns the estimation of the coefficients in random and fixed part of the mixed models by generalized inference.

Access and analyze multi-band greenspace seasonality data cubes (available for 1,028 major global cities), global Normalized Difference Vegetation Index / land cover data from the European Space Agency WorldCover 10m Dataset, and Sentinel-2-l2a images. Users can download data using bounding boxes, city names, and filter by year or seasonal time window. The package also supports calculating human exposure to greenspace using a population-weighted greenspace exposure model introduced by Chen et al. (2022) <doi:10.1038/s41467-022-32258-4> based on Global Human Settlement Layer population data, and calculating a set of greenspace morphology metrics at patch and landscape levels.

Computes the test statistic and p-value of the Cramer-von Mises and Anderson-Darling test for some continuous distribution functions proposed by Chen and Balakrishnan (1995) <http://asq.org/qic/display-item/index.html?item=11407>. In addition to our classic distribution functions here, we calculate the Goodness of Fit (GoF) test to dataset which follows the extreme value distribution function, without remembering the formula of distribution/density functions. Calculates the Value at Risk (VaR) and Average VaR are another important risk factors which are estimated by using well-known distribution functions. Pflug and Romisch (2007, ISBN: 9812707409) is a good reference to study the properties of risk measures.

This package provides methods to construct and power group sequential clinical trial designs for outcomes at multiple times. Outcomes at earlier times provide information on the final (primary) outcome. A range of recruitment and correlation models are available as are methods to simulate data in order to explore design operating characteristics. For more details see Parsons (2024) <doi:10.1186/s12874-024-02174-w>.

This package implements readers and writers for file formats associated with genetics data. Reading and writing Plink BED/BIM/FAM and GCTA binary GRM formats is fully supported, including a lightning-fast BED reader and writer implementations. Other functions are readr wrappers that are more constrained, user-friendly, and efficient for these particular applications; handles Plink and Eigenstrat tables (FAM, BIM, IND, and SNP files). There are also make functions for FAM and BIM tables with default values to go with simulated genotype data.

This package implements the five-parameter Generalized Kumaraswamy ('gkw') distribution proposed by Carrasco, Ferrari and Cordeiro (2010) <doi:10.48550/arXiv.1004.0911> and its seven nested sub-families for modeling bounded continuous data on the unit interval (0,1). The gkw distribution extends the Kumaraswamy distribution described by Jones (2009) <doi:10.1016/j.stamet.2008.04.001>. Provides density, distribution, quantile, and random generation functions, along with analytical log-likelihood, gradient, and Hessian functions implemented in C++ via RcppArmadillo for maximum computational efficiency. Suitable for modeling proportions, rates, percentages, and indices exhibiting complex features such as asymmetry, or heavy tails and other shapes not adequately captured by standard distributions like simple Beta or Kumaraswamy.

Simple interface to query gitignore.io to fetch gitignore templates that can be included in the .gitignore file. More than 450 templates are currently available.

This package provides a simple API for downloading and reading xml data directly from Lattes <http://lattes.cnpq.br/>.

This package provides a collection of palettes and themes for ggplot2', offering a light, pastel aesthetic. Syntax follows the viridis package.

Allows user to have graphical user interface to perform analysis of Agricultural experimental data. On using the functions in this package a Interactive User Interface will pop up. Apps Works by simple upload of files in CSV format.

This package infers state-recorded gender categories from first names and dates of birth using historical datasets. By using these datasets instead of lists of male and female names, this package is able to more accurately infer the gender of a name, and it is able to report the probability that a name was male or female. GUIDELINES: This method must be used cautiously and responsibly. Please be sure to see the guidelines and warnings about usage in the README or the package documentation. See Blevins and Mullen (2015) <http://www.digitalhumanities.org/dhq/vol/9/3/000223/000223.html>.

An interactive mapping tool for geographically weighted correlation and partial correlation. Geographically weighted partial correlation coefficients are calculated following (Percival and Tsutsumida, 2017)<doi:10.1553/giscience2017_01_s36> and are described in greater detail in (Tsutsumida et al., 2019)<doi:10.5194/ica-abs-1-372-2019> and (Percival et al., 2021)<arXiv:2101.03491>.

Detecting spatial associations via spatial stratified heterogeneity, accounting for spatial dependencies, interpretability, complex interactions, and robust stratification. In addition, it supports the spatial stratified heterogeneity family described in Lv et al. (2025)<doi:10.1111/tgis.70032>.

It provides functions to generate operating characteristics and to calculate Sequential Conditional Probability Ratio Tests(SCPRT) efficacy and futility boundary values along with sample/event size of Multi-Arm Multi-Stage(MAMS) trials for different outcomes. The package is based on Jianrong Wu, Yimei Li, Liang Zhu (2023) <doi:10.1002/sim.9682>, Jianrong Wu, Yimei Li (2023) "Group Sequential Multi-Arm Multi-Stage Survival Trial Design with Treatment Selection"(Manuscript accepted for publication) and Jianrong Wu, Yimei Li, Shengping Yang (2023) "Group Sequential Multi-Arm Multi-Stage Trial Design with Ordinal Endpoints"(In preparation).

Compute standard and generalized Nash Equilibria of non-cooperative games. Optimization methods available are nonsmooth reformulation, fixed-point formulation, minimization problem and constrained-equation reformulation. See e.g. Kanzow and Facchinei (2010), <doi:10.1007/s10479-009-0653-x>.

Automated General-to-Specific (GETS) modelling of the mean and variance of a regression, and indicator saturation methods for detecting and testing for structural breaks in the mean, see Pretis, Reade and Sucarrat (2018) <doi:10.18637/jss.v086.i03> for an overview of the package. In advanced use, the estimator and diagnostics tests can be fully user-specified, see Sucarrat (2021) <doi:10.32614/RJ-2021-024>.

Generic Machine Learning Inference on heterogeneous treatment effects in randomized experiments as proposed in Chernozhukov, Demirer, Duflo and Fernández-Val (2020) <arXiv:1712.04802>. This package's workhorse is the mlr3 framework of Lang et al. (2019) <doi:10.21105/joss.01903>, which enables the specification of a wide variety of machine learners. The main functionality, GenericML(), runs Algorithm 1 in Chernozhukov, Demirer, Duflo and Fernández-Val (2020) <arXiv:1712.04802> for a suite of user-specified machine learners. All steps in the algorithm are customizable via setup functions. Methods for printing and plotting are available for objects returned by GenericML(). Parallel computing is supported.

This package performs Granger causality tests on pairs of time series to determine causal relationships. Uses Vector Autoregressive (VAR) models to test whether one time series helps predict another beyond what the series own past values provide. Returns structured results including p-values, test statistics, and causality conclusions for both directions.

Allows get address and port of the free proxy server, from one of two services <http://gimmeproxy.com/> or <https://getproxylist.com/>. And it's easy to redirect your Internet connection through a proxy server.

This package provides stat_isotonic() to add weighted univariate isotonic regression curves.