This package provides tools for leaf area estimation based on leaf length, leaf width, and observed leaf area. The package supports data validation, predictor generation, descriptive statistics, exploratory graphics, scatterplot matrices, linear models, nonlinear models, mixed models, model evaluation, ranking, equation generation, prediction, export of results and plots, and an interactive shiny application. Methods implemented in the package are aligned with non-destructive allometric workflows described by Ribeiro et al. (2024) <doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2024.07.006>, Ribeiro et al. (2023) <doi:10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n3p209-215>, and Ribeiro et al. (2025) <doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20230550>.

The routine twosample_test() in this package runs the two-sample test using various test statistic for multivariate data. The user can also run several tests and then find a p value adjusted for simultaneous inference. The p values are found via permutation or via the parametric bootstrap. The routine twosample_power() allows the estimation of the power of the tests. The routine run.studies() allows a user to quickly study the power of a new method and how it compares to those included in the package. For details of the methods and references see the included vignettes.

This package provides functions and datasets to support Valliant, Dever, and Kreuter (2018), <doi:10.1007/978-3-319-93632-1>, "Practical Tools for Designing and Weighting Survey Samples". Contains functions for sample size calculation for survey samples using stratified or clustered one-, two-, and three-stage sample designs, and single-stage audit sample designs. Functions are included that will group geographic units accounting for distances apart and measures of size. Other functions compute variance components for multistage designs, sample sizes in two-phase designs, and a stopping rule for ending data collection. A number of example data sets are included.

Objects to manipulate sequential and seasonal time series. Sequential time series based on time instants and time duration are handled. Both can be regularly or unevenly spaced (overlapping duration are allowed). Only POSIX* format are used for dates and times. The following classes are provided : POSIXcti', POSIXctp', TimeIntervalDataFrame', TimeInstantDataFrame', SubtimeDataFrame ; methods to switch from a class to another and to modify the time support of series (hourly time series to daily time series for instance) are also defined. Tools provided can be used for instance to handle environmental monitoring data (not always produced on a regular time base).

It offers functions for splitting, parsing, tokenizing and creating a vocabulary for big text data files. Moreover, it includes functions for building a document-term matrix and extracting information from those (term-associations, most frequent terms). It also embodies functions for calculating token statistics (collocations, look-up tables, string dissimilarities) and functions to work with sparse matrices. Lastly, it includes functions for Word Vector Representations (i.e. GloVe', fasttext') and incorporates functions for the calculation of (pairwise) text document dissimilarities. The source code is based on C++11 and exported in R through the Rcpp', RcppArmadillo and BH packages.

Access and manage the application programming interface (API) of the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) at <https://acleddata.com/>. The package makes it easy to retrieve a user-defined sample (or all of the available data) of ACLED, enabling a seamless integration of regular data updates into the research work flow. It requires a minimal number of dependencies. See the package's README file for a note on replicability when drawing on ACLED data. When using this package, you acknowledge that you have read ACLED's terms and conditions of use, and that you agree with their attribution requirements.

Understanding the drivers of microbial diversity is an important frontier of microbial ecology, and investigating the diversity of samples from microbial ecosystems is a common step in any microbiome analysis. breakaway is the premier package for statistical analysis of microbial diversity. breakaway implements the latest and greatest estimates of species richness, described in Willis and Bunge (2015) <doi:10.1111/biom.12332>, Willis et al. (2017) <doi:10.1111/rssc.12206>, and Willis (2016) <arXiv:1604.02598>, as well as the most commonly used estimates, including the objective Bayes approach described in Barger and Bunge (2010) <doi:10.1214/10-BA527>.

Verification of continually updating time series data where we expect new values, but want to ensure previous data remains unchanged. Data previously recorded could change for a number of reasons, such as discovery of an error in model code, a change in methodology or instrument recalibration. Monitoring data sources for these changes is not always possible. Other unnoticed changes could include a jump in time or measurement frequency, due to instrument failure or software updates. Functionality is provided that can be used to check and flag changes to previous data to prevent changes going unnoticed, as well as unexpected jumps in time.

This package provides tools for interpretable conditional forecasting and scenario analysis in reduced-form vector autoregressive (VAR) models. Implements a Kalman smoothing framework to generate forecasts under path restrictions on selected variables. The package enables decomposition of conditional forecasts into variable-specific contributions, and extraction of observation weights. It also computes measures of overall and marginal variable importance to enhance the economic interpretation of forecast revisions. The framework is structurally agnostic and suited for policy analysis, stress testing, and macro-financial applications. The methodology is described in more detail in Caspi and Ginker (2026) <doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.25225.51040>.

This package provides a toolbox for implementing the Ecological Dynamic Regime framework, including functions to characterize and compare groups of ecological trajectories (Sánchez-Pinillos et al., 2023 <doi:10.1002/ecm.1589>); assess the ecological resilience of a disturbed system using a reference dynamic regime (Sánchez-Pinillos et al., 2024 <doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2023.110409>); and forecast ecological trajectories from a dynamic regime (Sánchez-Pinillos et al. 2026, <doi:10.1111/2041-210x.70372>). Additional functions are also available for visualizing ecological dynamic regimes, their representative trajectories, as well as predicted trajectories in a multidimensional state space.

This package provides an implementation of concurrent or varying coefficient regression methods for functional data. The implementations are done for both dense and sparsely observed functional data. Pointwise confidence bands can be constructed for each case. Further, the influence of past predictor values are modeled by a smooth history index function, while the effects on the response are described by smooth varying coefficient functions, which are very useful in analyzing real data such as COVID data. References: Yao, F., Müller, H.G., Wang, J.L. (2005) <doi:10.1214/009053605000000660>. Sentürk, D., Müller, H.G. (2010) <doi:10.1198/jasa.2010.tm09228>.

This package implements a novel method for privatizing network data using differential privacy. Provides functions for generating synthetic networks based on LSM (Latent Space Model), applying differential privacy to network latent positions to achieve overall network privatization, and evaluating the utility of privatized networks through various network statistics. The privatize and evaluate functions support both LSM and RDPG (Random Dot Product Graph). For generating RDPG networks, users are encouraged to use the randnet package <https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=randnet>. For more details, see the "proposed method" section of Liu, Bi, and Li (2025) <doi:10.48550/arXiv.2507.00402>.

This package implements the high-dimensional two-sample test proposed by Zhang (2019) <http://hdl.handle.net/2097/40235>. It also implements the test proposed by Srivastava, Katayama, and Kano (2013) <doi:10.1016/j.jmva.2012.08.014>. These tests are particularly suitable to high dimensional data from two populations for which the classical multivariate Hotelling's T-square test fails due to sample sizes smaller than dimensionality. In this case, the ZWL and ZWLm tests proposed by Zhang (2019) <http://hdl.handle.net/2097/40235>, referred to as zwl_test() in this package, provide a reliable and powerful test.

Estimates the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for count data to assess repeatability (intra-methods concordance) and concordance (between-method concordance). In the concordance setting, the ICC is equivalent to the concordance correlation coefficient estimated by variance components. The ICC is estimated using the estimates from generalized linear mixed models. The within-subjects distributions considered are: Poisson; Negative Binomial with additive and proportional extradispersion; Zero-Inflated Poisson; and Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial with additive and proportional extradispersion. The statistical methodology used to estimate the ICC with count data can be found in Carrasco (2010) <doi:10.1111/j.1541-0420.2009.01335.x>.

This package provides Azure Active Directory (AAD) authentication functionality for R users of Microsoft's Azure cloud <https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us>. Use this package to obtain OAuth 2.0 tokens for services including Azure Resource Manager, Azure Storage and others. It supports both AAD v1.0 and v2.0, as well as multiple authentication methods, including device code and resource owner grant. Tokens are cached in a user-specific directory obtained using the rappdirs package. The interface is based on the OAuth framework in the httr package, but customised and streamlined for Azure. Part of the AzureR family of packages.

This package provides maximum likelihood estimates of the performance parameters that drive a binomial distribution of observed errors, and takes full advantage of zero error observations. High performance communications systems typically have inherent noise sources and other performance limitations that need to be estimated. Measurements made at high signal to noise ratios typically result in zero errors due to limitation in available measurement time. Package includes theoretical performance functions for common modulation schemes (Proakis, "Digital Communications" (1995, <ISBN:0-07-051726-6>)), polarization shifted QPSK (Agrell & Karlsson (2009, <DOI:10.1109/JLT.2009.2029064>)), and utility functions to work with the performance functions.

CODATA internationally recommended values of the fundamental physical constants, provided as symbols for direct use within the R language. Optionally, the values with uncertainties and/or units are also provided if the errors', units and/or quantities packages are installed. The Committee on Data for Science and Technology (CODATA) is an interdisciplinary committee of the International Council for Science which periodically provides the internationally accepted set of values of the fundamental physical constants. This package contains the "2022 CODATA" version, published on May 2024: Eite Tiesinga, Peter J. Mohr, David B. Newell, and Barry N. Taylor (2024) <https://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants/>.

Modeling periodic mortality (or other time-to event) processes from right-censored data. Given observations of a process with a known period (e.g. 365 days, 24 hours), functions determine the number, intensity, timing, and duration of peaks of periods of elevated hazard within a period. The underlying model is a mixed wrapped Cauchy function fitted using maximum likelihoods (details in Gurarie et al. (2020) <doi:10.1111/2041-210X.13305>). The development of these tools was motivated by the strongly seasonal mortality patterns observed in many wild animal populations. Thus, the respective periods of higher mortality can be identified as "mortality seasons".

This package provides utilities for runtime hotpatching of locked R package namespaces. The package enables dynamic injection of function patches into sealed package environments without rebuilding or redeploying the package. This is particularly useful for legacy containerized workflows where package versions are frozen in place. The core functionality includes inject_patch() to inject patches into package namespaces, undo_patch() to restore original functions, apply_hotfix_file() to apply patches from external R scripts, and test_patched_dir() to run test suites against patched packages. The package implements namespace surgery techniques that allow internal callers to automatically see patched functions.

The user must supply a matrix filled with similarity values. The software will search for significant differences between similarity values at different hierarchical levels. The algorithm will return a Loess-smoothed plot of the similarity values along with the inflection point, if there are any. There is the option to search for an inflection point within a specified range. The package also has a function that will return the matrix components at a specified cutoff. References: Mullner. <ArXiv:1109.2378>; Cserhati, Carter. (2020, Journal of Creation 34(3):41-50), <https://dl0.creation.com/articles/p137/c13759/j34-3_64-73.pdf>.

This package provides a generalised workflow for Matching-Adjusted Indirect Comparison (MAIC) analysis, which supports both anchored and non-anchored MAIC methods. In MAIC, unbiased trial outcome comparison is achieved by weighting the subject-level outcomes of the intervention trial so that the weighted aggregate measures of prognostic or effect-modifying variables match those of the comparator trial. Measurements supported include time-to-event (e.g., overall survival) and binary (e.g., objective tumor response). The method is described in Signorovitch et al. (2010) <doi:10.2165/11538370-000000000-00000> and Signorovitch et al. (2012) <doi:10.1016/j.jval.2012.05.004>.

Implement a new stopping rule to detect anomaly in the covariance structure of high-dimensional online data. The detection procedure can be applied to Gaussian or non-Gaussian data with a large number of components. Moreover, it allows both spatial and temporal dependence in data. The dependence can be estimated by a data-driven procedure. The level of threshold in the stopping rule can be determined at a pre-selected average run length. More detail can be seen in Li, L. and Li, J. (2020) "Online Change-Point Detection in High-Dimensional Covariance Structure with Application to Dynamic Networks." <arXiv:1911.07762>.

This package provides functions for making run charts, Shewhart control charts and Pareto charts for continuous quality improvement. Included control charts are: I, MR, Xbar, S, T, C, U, U', P, P', and G charts. Non-random variation in the form of minor to moderate persistent shifts in data over time is identified by the Anhoej rules for unusually long runs and unusually few crossing [Anhoej, Olesen (2014) <doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0113825>]. Non-random variation in the form of larger, possibly transient, shifts is identified by Shewhart's 3-sigma rule [Mohammed, Worthington, Woodall (2008) <doi:10.1136/qshc.2004.012047>].

This package creates a wrapper for the SuiteSparse routines that execute the Takahashi equations. These equations compute the elements of the inverse of a sparse matrix at locations where the its Cholesky factor is structurally non-zero. The resulting matrix is known as a sparse inverse subset. Some helper functions are also implemented. Support for spam matrices is currently limited and will be implemented in the future. See Rue and Martino (2007) <doi:10.1016/j.jspi.2006.07.016> and Zammit-Mangion and Rougier (2018) <doi:10.1016/j.csda.2018.02.001> for the application of these equations to statistics.