This package contains a suite of functions for health economic evaluations with missing outcome data. The package can fit different types of statistical models under a fully Bayesian approach using the software JAGS (which should be installed locally and which is loaded in missingHE via the R package R2jags'). Three classes of models can be fitted under a variety of missing data assumptions: selection models, pattern mixture models and hurdle models. In addition to model fitting, missingHE provides a set of specialised functions to assess model convergence and fit, and to summarise the statistical and economic results using different types of measures and graphs. The methods implemented are described in Mason (2018) <doi:10.1002/hec.3793>, Molenberghs (2000) <doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0300-6_18> and Gabrio (2019) <doi:10.1002/sim.8045>.

Package test2norm contains functions to generate formulas for normative standards applied to cognitive tests. It takes raw test scores (e.g., number of correct responses) and converts them to scaled scores and demographically adjusted scores, using methods described in Heaton et al. (2003) <doi:10.1016/B978-012703570-3/50010-9> & Heaton et al. (2009, ISBN:9780199702800). The scaled scores are calculated as quantiles of the raw test scores, scaled to have the mean of 10 and standard deviation of 3, such that higher values always correspond to better performance on the test. The demographically adjusted scores are calculated from the residuals of a model that regresses scaled scores on demographic predictors (e.g., age). The norming procedure makes use of the mfp2() function from the mfp2 package to explore nonlinear associations between cognition and demographic variables.

This package provides a dataframe-friendly implementation of ComBat Harmonization which uses an empirical Bayesian framework to remove batch effects. Johnson WE & Li C (2007) <doi:10.1093/biostatistics/kxj037> "Adjusting batch effects in microarray expression data using empirical Bayes methods." Fortin J-P, Cullen N, Sheline YI, Taylor WD, Aselcioglu I, Cook PA, Adams P, Cooper C, Fava M, McGrath PJ, McInnes M, Phillips ML, Trivedi MH, Weissman MM, & Shinohara RT (2017) <doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.11.024> "Harmonization of cortical thickness measurements across scanners and sites." Fortin J-P, Parker D, Tun<e7> B, Watanabe T, Elliott MA, Ruparel K, Roalf DR, Satterthwaite TD, Gur RC, Gur RE, Schultz RT, Verma R, & Shinohara RT (2017) <doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.08.047> "Harmonization of multi-site diffusion tensor imaging data.".

Generates blocked designs for mixed-level factorial experiments for a given block size. Internally, it uses finite-field based, collapsed, and heuristic methods to construct block structures that minimize confounding between block effects and factorial effects. The package creates the full treatment combination table, partitions runs into blocks, and computes detailed confounding diagnostics for main effects and two-factor interactions. It also checks orthogonal factorial structure (OFS) and computes efficiencies of factorial effects using the methods of Nair and Rao (1948) <doi:10.1111/j.2517-6161.1948.tb00005.x>. When OFS is not satisfied but the design has equal treatment replications and equal block sizes, a general method based on the C-matrix and custom contrast vectors is used to compute efficiencies. The output includes the generated design, finite-field metadata, confounding summaries, OFS diagnostics, and efficiency results.

Reads Agricultural Production Systems sIMulator ('APSIM') Classic 7.x .out files, pairs simulated series with sparse observed measurements, and computes the goodness-of-fit statistics used in crop-model calibration and validation, including the decomposition of root mean squared error into systematic and unsystematic components. Produces publication grade figures with ggplot2': one-to-one scatter plots, residual and Taylor diagrams, probability of exceedance curves, multi-variable timelines with a secondary axis, and distribution plots, assembled into multi-panel figures at journal column widths in colour, greyscale or line art. Treatment structure encoded in simulation names is parsed into factor columns, and the sensitivity of an output to those factors is quantified by variance decomposition, one-at-a-time analysis or range screening. A built-in shiny interface watches the output directory and refreshes incrementally as APSIM regenerates its files.

Implementation of the Generalized Pairwise Comparisons (GPC) as defined in Buyse (2010) <doi:10.1002/sim.3923> for complete observations, and extended in Peron (2018) <doi:10.1177/0962280216658320> to deal with right-censoring. GPC compare two groups of observations (intervention vs. control group) regarding several prioritized endpoints to estimate the probability that a random observation drawn from one group performs better/worse/equivalently than a random observation drawn from the other group. Summary statistics such as the net treatment benefit, win ratio, or win odds are then deduced from these probabilities. Confidence intervals and p-values are obtained based on asymptotic results (Ozenne 2021 <doi:10.1177/09622802211037067>), non-parametric bootstrap, or permutations. The software enables the use of thresholds of minimal importance difference, stratification, non-prioritized endpoints (O Brien test), and can handle right-censoring and competing-risks.

This package implements a Super Learner framework for right-censored survival data. The package fits convex combinations of parametric, semiparametric, and machine learning survival learners by minimizing cross-validated risk using inverse probability of censoring weighting (IPCW). It provides tools for automated hyperparameter grid search, high-dimensional variable screening, and evaluation of prediction performance using metrics such as the Brier score, Uno's C-index, and time-dependent area under the curve (AUC). Additional utilities support model interpretation for survival ensembles, including Shapley additive explanations (SHAP), and estimation of covariate-adjusted restricted mean survival time (RMST) contrasts. The methodology is related to treatment-specific survival curve estimation using machine learning described by Westling et al. (2024) <doi:10.1080/01621459.2023.2205060>, and the unified ensemble framework described in Lyu et al. (2026) <doi:10.64898/2026.03.11.711010>.

This package provides a comprehensive toolset for estimating Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) models that are robust to multivariate outliers and missing data. By integrating a high-performance C++ engine via RcppArmadillo', it reliably extracts latent profiles using both Expectation-Maximization (EM) and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) Bayesian estimation. Robustness is obtained either by Huber-type down-weighting or by mixtures of multivariate t distributions (a likelihood-based robust model, see Peel and McLachlan (2000) <doi:10.1023/A:1008981510081>). Missing data are handled by full information maximum likelihood with the exact EM treatment of incomplete observations (data augmentation in the MCMC engine). The EM engine also supports LASSO regularization with k-fold cross-validation for penalty tuning; the MCMC engine uses a Bayesian Lasso with Laplace priors, multiple chains, Gelman-Rubin/effective sample size diagnostics and the widely applicable information criterion. It supports six geometric variance-covariance models, along with functions for bootstrapped likelihood ratio tests (BLRT), BCH auxiliary variable analysis, and plotting. For longitudinal data, it fits robust growth mixture models and latent class growth analysis (Muthen and Shedden (1999) <doi:10.1111/j.0006-341X.1999.00463.x>) for one or several outcomes measured on unbalanced occasions, with Gaussian, Huber-weighted or multivariate-t (Pinheiro, Liu and Wu (2001) <doi:10.1198/10618600152628059>) latent classes, by EM and MCMC, and optional adaptive LASSO penalties (Zou (2006) <doi:10.1198/016214506000000735>) that identify stable trajectories and the outcomes that differentiate the classes. For methodological details on the Bootstrapped Likelihood Ratio Test, see Nylund et al. (2007) <doi:10.1080/10705510701575396>. For robust clustering methods, see Garcia-Escudero et al. (2010) <doi:10.1007/s11634-010-0064-5>. For BCH auxiliary variable analysis, see Bolck et al. (2004) <doi:10.1093/pan/mph001>.

Efficient implementations of functions for the creation, modification and analysis of phylogenetic trees. Applications include: generation of trees with specified shapes; tree rearrangement; analysis of tree shape; rooting of trees and extraction of subtrees; calculation and depiction of split support; plotting the position of rogue taxa (Klopfstein & Spasojevic 2019) <doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0212942>; calculation of ancestor-descendant relationships, of stemwardness (Asher & Smith, 2022) <doi:10.1093/sysbio/syab072>, and of tree balance (Mir et al. 2013, Lemant et al. 2022) <doi:10.1016/j.mbs.2012.10.005>, <doi:10.1093/sysbio/syac027>; artificial extinction (Asher & Smith, 2022) <doi:10.1093/sysbio/syab072>; import and export of trees from Newick, Nexus (Maddison et al. 1997) <doi:10.1093/sysbio/46.4.590>, and TNT <https://www.lillo.org.ar/phylogeny/tnt/> formats; and analysis of splits and cladistic information.

GBScleanR is a package for quality check, filtering, and error correction of genotype data derived from next generation sequcener (NGS) based genotyping platforms. GBScleanR takes Variant Call Format (VCF) file as input. The main function of this package is `estGeno()` which estimates the true genotypes of samples from given read counts for genotype markers using a hidden Markov model with incorporating uneven observation ratio of allelic reads. This implementation gives robust genotype estimation even in noisy genotype data usually observed in Genotyping-By-Sequnencing (GBS) and similar methods, e.g. RADseq. The current implementation accepts genotype data of a diploid population at any generation of multi-parental cross, e.g. biparental F2 from inbred parents, biparental F2 from outbred parents, and 8-way recombinant inbred lines (8-way RILs) which can be refered to as MAGIC population.

MethylMix is an algorithm implemented to identify hyper and hypomethylated genes for a disease. MethylMix is based on a beta mixture model to identify methylation states and compares them with the normal DNA methylation state. MethylMix uses a novel statistic, the Differential Methylation value or DM-value defined as the difference of a methylation state with the normal methylation state. Finally, matched gene expression data is used to identify, besides differential, functional methylation states by focusing on methylation changes that effect gene expression. References: Gevaert 0. MethylMix: an R package for identifying DNA methylation-driven genes. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England). 2015;31(11):1839-41. doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btv020. Gevaert O, Tibshirani R, Plevritis SK. Pancancer analysis of DNA methylation-driven genes using MethylMix. Genome Biology. 2015;16(1):17. doi:10.1186/s13059-014-0579-8.

This package provides convenient methods for accessing the data in dist objects with minimal memory and computational overhead. disttools can be used to extract the distance between any pair or combination of points encoded by a dist object using only the indices of those points. This is an improvement over existing functionality, which requires either coercing a dist object into a matrix or calculating the one dimensional index corresponding to a pair of observations. Coercion to a matrix is undesirable because doing so doubles the amount of memory required for storage. In contrast, there is no inherent downside to the latter solution. However, in part due to several edge cases, correctly and efficiently implementing such a solution can be challenging. disttools abstracts away these challenges and provides a simple interface to access the data in a dist object using the latter approach.

The Clutter model is a significant forest growth simulation tool. Grounded on individual trees and comprehensively considering factors such as competition among trees and the impact of environmental elements on growth, it can accurately reflect the growth process of forest stands. It can be applied in areas like forest resource management, harvesting planning, and ecological research. With the help of the Clutter model, people can better understand the dynamic changes of forests and provide a scientific basis for rational forest management and protecting the ecological environment. This R package can effectively realize the construction of forest growth and harvest models based on the Clutter model and achieve optimized forest management.References: Farias A, Soares C, Leite H et al(2021)<doi:10.1007/s10342-021-01380-1>. Guera O, Silva J, Ferreira R, et al(2019)<doi:10.1590/2179-8087.038117>.

Quantitatively analyse depth time-series data from pop-up satellite archival tags (PSATs) through the application of continuous wavelet transformation (CWT) combined with Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and k-means clustering. Import, crop, and plot depth time-depth records (TDRs). Using CWT to detect important signals within the non-stationary data, we create daily wavelet statistics to summarise vertical movements on different wavelet periods and combine with daily and diel depth statistics. Classify depth time-series with unsupervised k-means clustering into 24-hour periods of vertical movement behaviour with distinct patterns of vertical movement. Plot example days from each behaviour cluster, and plot the TDR coloured by cluster. Based on principals of combining CWT with k-means first developed by Sakamoto (2009) <doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0005379> and redeveloped by Beale (2026) <doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-6907076/v1>.

This package implements the Maki (2012) <doi:10.1016/j.econmod.2012.04.022> residual-based test for cointegration allowing for an unknown number of structural breaks. Breaks are located by a sequential procedure and the cointegrating residual is tested for a unit root with an augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) regression; the test statistic is the minimum ADF t-statistic over all candidate breaks. Four model specifications are supported (level shift, level shift with trend, regime shift, and regime shift with trend) and one to four regressors. The default engine reproduces the original GAUSS / tspdlib implementation, with an optional break rule following Maki (2012, Steps 2 and 4). The test runs for any feasible number of breaks; beyond the five tabulated by Maki, critical values can be simulated by his Monte-Carlo design. A two-panel diagnostic plot is provided via ggplot2'.

This package provides a set of functions for applying a restricted linear algebra to the analysis of count-based data. See the accompanying preprint manuscript: "Normalizing need not be the norm: count-based math for analyzing single-cell data" Church et al (2022) <doi:10.1101/2022.06.01.494334> This tool is specifically designed to analyze count matrices from single cell RNA sequencing assays. The tools implement several count-based approaches for standard steps in single-cell RNA-seq analysis, including scoring genes and cells, comparing cells and clustering, calculating differential gene expression, and several methods for rank reduction. There are many opportunities for further optimization that may prove useful in the analysis of other data. We provide the source code freely available at <https://github.com/shchurch/countland> and encourage users and developers to fork the code for their own purposes.

This package provides functions for calculating mortality indicators. These include geometric interpolation between two periods and projections for future years, as described in the textbook by Laurenti, Mello Jorge, Lebrão and Gotlieb (2005, ISBN:9788512408309), the standardised mortality ratio (Bruce, Pope and Stanistreet, 2018, ISBN:9781118665411), the age-adjusted mortality rate (direct standardisation), years of potential life lost (Gardner and Sanborn, 1990, <doi:10.1097/00001648-199007000-00012>; Ma, Ward, Siegel and Jemal, 2015, <doi:10.1001/jama.2015.12319>), and age-standardised years of potential life lost (Silva Filho et al., 2024 <doi:10.1590/1413-81232024293.04702023EN>). Confidence intervals for the standardised mortality ratio are obtained according to Vandenbroucke (1982) <doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113306> and Ulm (1990) <doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115507>. The function also includes a function that produces a graph similar to an age pyramid.

This package provides a provenance-aware framework for contextual reconstruction from file systems and related digital resource collections. The package creates reproducible snapshots of file-level metadata, paths, repository context, and optional content signatures. It supports contextual grouping, structural abstraction, temporal analysis, semantic stabilization, duplicate and reuse detection, and lightweight workflow reconstruction from file system observations. The framework deliberately separates observational evidence, contextual abstraction, semantic interpretation, and analytical reconstruction, enabling reproducible workflows that can be inspected by reviewers. It is designed to support future alignment with archival and contextual knowledge representation models, including the World Wide Web Consortium Provenance Ontology (PROV-O): Lebo et al. (2013) <https://www.w3.org/TR/prov-o/> and Records in Contexts developed by the International Council on Archives Expert Group on Archival Description (EGAD) <https://www.ica.org/ica-network/expert-groups/egad/records-in-contexts-ric/>.

Implement some models for correlation/covariance matrices including two approaches to model correlation matrices from a graphical structure. One use latent parent variables as proposed in Sterrantino et. al. (2024) <doi:10.1007/s10260-025-00788-y>. The other uses a graph to specify conditional relations between the variables. The graphical structure makes correlation matrices interpretable and avoids the quadratic increase of parameters as a function of the dimension. In the first approach a natural sequence of simpler models along with a complexity penalization is used. The second penalizes deviations from a base model. These can be used as prior for model parameters, considering C code through the cgeneric interface for the INLA package (<https://www.r-inla.org>). This allows one to use these models as building blocks combined and to other latent Gaussian models in order to build complex data models.

Simplified odds ratio calculation of GAM(M)s & GLM(M)s. Provides structured output (data frame) of all predictors and their corresponding odds ratios and confident intervals for further analyses. It helps to avoid false references of predictors and increments by specifying these parameters in a list instead of using exp(coef(model)) (standard approach of odds ratio calculation for GLMs) which just returns a plain numeric output. For GAM(M)s, odds ratio calculation is highly simplified with this package since it takes care of the multiple predict() calls of the chosen predictor while holding other predictors constant. Also, this package allows odds ratio calculation of percentage steps across the whole predictor distribution range for GAM(M)s. In both cases, confident intervals are returned additionally. Calculated odds ratio of GAM(M)s can be inserted into the smooth function plot.

Decision support tool for prioritizing sites for ecological surveys based on their potential to improve plans for conserving biodiversity (e.g. plans for establishing protected areas). Given a set of sites that could potentially be acquired for conservation management, it can be used to generate and evaluate plans for surveying additional sites. Specifically, plans for ecological surveys can be generated using various conventional approaches (e.g. maximizing expected species richness, geographic coverage, diversity of sampled environmental algorithms. After generating such survey plans, they can be evaluated using conditions) and maximizing value of information. Please note that several functions depend on the Gurobi optimization software (available from <https://www.gurobi.com>). Additionally, the JAGS software (available from <https://mcmc-jags.sourceforge.io/>) is required to fit hierarchical generalized linear models. For further details, see Hanson et al. (2023) <doi:10.1111/1365-2664.14309>.

This package implements confidence interval and sample size methods that are especially useful in psychological research but are also useful in educational, social science, business, and biological research. This package includes more than 100 confidence interval functions and more than 80 sample size functions for 1-group, 2-group, paired-samples, and multiple-group designs and for a variety of parameters including means, medians, proportions, slopes, standardized mean differences, standardized linear contrasts of means, and several measures of correlation and association. The sample size functions can be used to approximate the sample size needed to estimate a parameter or function of parameters with desired confidence interval precision or to perform a variety of hypothesis tests (directional two-sided, equivalence, superiority, noninferiority) with desired power. For details about these methods see: Statistical Methods for Psychologists, Volumes 1 â 4, <https://dgbonett.sites.ucsc.edu/>.

The package contains methods to visualise the expression profile of genes from a microarray or RNA-seq experiment, and offers a supervised clustering approach to identify GO terms containing genes with expression levels that best classify two or more predefined groups of samples. Annotations for the genes present in the expression dataset may be obtained from Ensembl through the biomaRt package, if not provided by the user. The default random forest framework is used to evaluate the capacity of each gene to cluster samples according to the factor of interest. Finally, GO terms are scored by averaging the rank (alternatively, score) of their respective gene sets to cluster the samples. P-values may be computed to assess the significance of GO term ranking. Visualisation function include gene expression profile, gene ontology-based heatmaps, and hierarchical clustering of experimental samples using gene expression data.

The anomalize package enables a "tidy" workflow for detecting anomalies in data. The main functions are time_decompose(), anomalize(), and time_recompose(). When combined, it's quite simple to decompose time series, detect anomalies, and create bands separating the "normal" data from the anomalous data at scale (i.e. for multiple time series). Time series decomposition is used to remove trend and seasonal components via the time_decompose() function and methods include seasonal decomposition of time series by Loess ("stl") and seasonal decomposition by piecewise medians ("twitter"). The anomalize() function implements two methods for anomaly detection of residuals including using an inner quartile range ("iqr") and generalized extreme studentized deviation ("gesd"). These methods are based on those used in the forecast package and the Twitter AnomalyDetection package. Refer to the associated functions for specific references for these methods.