This package provides tools for shoreline dating coastal Stone Age sites. The implemented method was developed in Roalkvam (2023) <doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107880> for the Norwegian Skagerrak coast. Although it can be extended to other areas, this also forms the core area for application of the package. Shoreline dating is based on the present-day elevation of a site, a reconstruction of past relative sea-level change, and empirically derived estimates of the likely elevation of the sites above the contemporaneous sea-level when they were in use. The geographical and temporal coverage of the method thus follows from the availability of local geological reconstructions of shoreline displacement and the degree to which the settlements to be dated have been located on or close to the shoreline when they were in use. Methods for numerical treatment and visualisation of the dates are provided, along with basic tools for visualising and evaluating the location of sites.

This package contains functions for retrieving, managing, and analyzing air quality and weather data from the Regione Lombardia open database (<https://www.dati.lombardia.it/>). Data are collected by ARPA Lombardia (Lombardia Environmental Protection Agency), Italy, through its ground monitoring network (<https://www.dati.lombardia.it/stories/s/auv9-c2sj>). See the website <https://www.arpalombardia.it/> for further information on ARPA Lombardia's activities and history. Data quality (e.g., missing values, extreme values, and graphical mapping) has been checked in collaboration with members of ARPA Lombardia's air quality control office. The package provides observations since 1989 (for weather) and 1968 (for air quality), and these data are updated daily by the regional agency. A full description of the package is available in the companion paper Maranzano \& Algieri (2024), "ARPALData: an R package for retrieving and analyzing air quality and weather data from ARPA Lombardia (Italy)", Environmental and Ecological Statistics, <doi:10.1007/s10651-024-00599-6>.

Paternal recombination rate and maternal linkage disequilibrium (LD) are estimated for pairs of biallelic markers such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from progeny genotypes and sire haplotypes. The implementation relies on paternal half-sib families. If maternal half-sib families are used, the roles of sire/dam are swapped. Multiple families can be considered. For parameter estimation, at least one sire has to be double heterozygous at the investigated pairs of SNPs. Based on recombination rates, genetic distances between markers can be estimated. Markers with unusually large recombination rate to markers in close proximity (i.e. putatively misplaced markers) shall be discarded in this derivation. *A pipeline is available at GitHub* <https://github.com/wittenburg/hsrecombi> Hampel, Teuscher, Gomez-Raya, Doschoris, Wittenburg (2018) "Estimation of recombination rate and maternal linkage disequilibrium in half-sibs" <doi:10.3389/fgene.2018.00186>. Gomez-Raya (2012) "Maximum likelihood estimation of linkage disequilibrium in half-sib families" <doi:10.1534/genetics.111.137521>.

This package provides functions to calculate the minimum and maximum possible values of Cronbach's alpha when item-level missing data are present. Cronbach's alpha (Cronbach, 1951 <doi:10.1007/BF02310555>) is one of the most widely used measures of internal consistency in the social, behavioral, and medical sciences (Bland & Altman, 1997 <doi:10.1136/bmj.314.7080.572>; Tavakol & Dennick, 2011 <doi:10.5116/ijme.4dfb.8dfd>). However, conventional implementations assume complete data, and listwise deletion is often applied when missingness occurs, which can lead to biased or overly optimistic reliability estimates (Enders, 2003 <doi:10.1037/1082-989X.8.3.322>). This package implements computational strategies including enumeration, Monte Carlo sampling, and optimization algorithms (e.g., Genetic Algorithm, Differential Evolution, Sequential Least Squares Programming) to obtain sharp lower and upper bounds of Cronbach's alpha under arbitrary missing data patterns. The approach is motivated by Manski's partial identification framework and pessimistic bounding ideas from optimization literature.

Estimation and inference for multiple kink quantile regression for longitudinal data and the i.i.d data. A bootstrap restarting iterative segmented quantile algorithm is proposed to estimate the multiple kink quantile regression model conditional on a given number of change points. The number of kinks is also allowed to be unknown. In such case, the backward elimination algorithm and the bootstrap restarting iterative segmented quantile algorithm are combined to select the number of change points based on a quantile BIC. For longitudinal data, we also develop the GEE estimator to incorporate the within-subject correlations. A score-type based test statistic is also developed for testing the existence of kink effect. The package is based on the paper, ``Wei Zhong, Chuang Wan and Wenyang Zhang (2022). Estimation and inference for multikink quantile regression, JBES and ``Chuang Wan, Wei Zhong, Wenyang Zhang and Changliang Zou (2022). Multi-kink quantile regression for longitudinal data with application to progesterone data analysis, Biometrics".

This package provides functions for model fitting and selection of generalised hypergeometric ensembles of random graphs (gHypEG). To learn how to use it, check the vignettes for a quick tutorial. Please reference its use as Casiraghi, G., Nanumyan, V. (2019) <doi:10.5281/zenodo.2555300> together with those relevant references from the one listed below. The package is based on the research developed at the Chair of Systems Design, ETH Zurich. Casiraghi, G., Nanumyan, V., Scholtes, I., Schweitzer, F. (2016) <doi:10.48550/arXiv.1607.02441>. Casiraghi, G., Nanumyan, V., Scholtes, I., Schweitzer, F. (2017) <doi:10.1007/978-3-319-67256-4_11>. Casiraghi, G., (2017) <doi:10.48550/arXiv.1702.02048>. Brandenberger, L., Casiraghi, G., Nanumyan, V., Schweitzer, F. (2019) <doi:10.1145/3341161.3342926>. Casiraghi, G. (2019) <doi:10.1007/s41109-019-0241-1>. Casiraghi, G., Nanumyan, V. (2021) <doi:10.1038/s41598-021-92519-y>. Casiraghi, G. (2021) <doi:10.1088/2632-072X/ac0493>.

This package performs the Partial Least-Squares ('PLS') algorithm for functional data through the concept of active area integration. This approach builds upon the basis expansion methods for functional PLS regression described in Aguilera et al. (2010) <doi:10.1016/j.chemolab.2010.09.007>. The package seamlessly handles both Scalar Functional Data ('SFD') and Categorical Functional Data ('CFD'), providing interpretable regression curves even for discrete state changes. It was developed during a PhD thesis between DECATHLON and French research institute INRIA 2022-2026. The SmoothPLS method does not directly decompose the data into a basis; rather, it assumes the data is known as precisely as desired, and for every PLS component, the weight functions are decomposed into the basis. For both single-state and multi-state CFD as well as SFD', the algorithm is implemented for a scalar response. To provide a baseline, a naive PLS method on time-value functions and standard Functional PLS are also implemented.

Carry out Bayesian estimation and forecasting for a variety of stochastic mortality models using vague prior distributions. Models supported include numerous well-established approaches introduced in the actuarial and demographic literature, such as the Lee-Carter (1992) <doi:10.1080/01621459.1992.10475265>, the Cairns-Blake-Dowd (2009) <doi:10.1080/10920277.2009.10597538>, the Li-Lee (2005) <doi:10.1353/dem.2005.0021>, and the Plat (2009) <doi:10.1016/j.insmatheco.2009.08.006> models. The package is designed to analyse stratified mortality data structured as a 3-dimensional array of dimensions p à A à T (strata à age à year). Stratification can represent factors such as cause of death, country, deprivation level, sex, geographic region, insurance product, marital status, socioeconomic group, or smoking behavior. While the primary focus is on analysing stratified data (p > 1), the package can also handle mortality data that are not stratified (p = 1). Model selection via the Deviance Information Criterion (DIC) is supported.

An important environmental impact on running water ecosystems is caused by hydropeaking - the discontinuous release of turbine water because of peaks of energy demand. An event-based algorithm is implemented to detect flow fluctuations referring to increase events (IC) and decrease events (DC). For each event, a set of parameters related to the fluctuation intensity is calculated. The framework is introduced in Greimel et al. (2016) "A method to detect and characterize sub-daily flow fluctuations" <doi:10.1002/hyp.10773> and can be used to identify different fluctuation types according to the potential source: e.g., sub-daily flow fluctuations caused by hydropeaking, rainfall, or snow and glacier melt. This is a companion to the package hydroroute', which is used to detect and follow hydropower plant-specific hydropeaking waves at the sub-catchment scale and to describe how hydropeaking flow parameters change along the longitudinal flow path as proposed and validated in Greimel et al. (2022) <doi:10.1002/rra.3978>.

This package implements recent randomized algorithms that answer questions about a large positive-semidefinite matrix while touching only a small part of it. Randomly pivoted Cholesky builds a low-rank approximation from a few rows of a kernel matrix (Chen, Epperly, Tropp and Webber (2025) <doi:10.1002/cpa.22234>), with an accelerated variant based on rejection sampling (Epperly, Tropp and Webber (2025) <doi:10.1137/24m1699048>). The XTrace, XNysTrace and XDiag estimators recover the trace and diagonal of a matrix that is available only through matrix-vector products (Epperly, Tropp and Webber (2024) <doi:10.1137/23m1548323>), alongside the Hutch++ estimator of Meyer, Musco, Musco and Woodruff (2021) <doi:10.1137/1.9781611976496.16>. Randomized Nystrom preconditioning speeds up the conjugate gradient method for regularized linear systems (Frangella, Tropp and Udell (2023) <doi:10.1137/21m1466244>). These pieces are combined to fit restricted maximum likelihood variance-component models on genomic relationship matrices without forming or factorizing the covariance matrix.

This package provides a modular simulation engine for a wide range of stochastic processes. Provides exact and approximate simulation methods for Poisson processes (homogeneous and inhomogeneous), Brownian motion (standard, drifted, and bridge), discrete- and continuous-time Markov chains, birth-death processes, the Yule pure-birth process, infinitesimal generator matrix utilities, Markovian queuing systems (M/M/1, M/M/c, M/M/c/K) with exact steady-state statistics, Levy processes (gamma, normal inverse Gaussian, variance-gamma, alpha-stable), Merton jump-diffusion models, Hawkes self-exciting processes, geometric Brownian motion, and Ornstein-Uhlenbeck mean-reverting diffusions. Includes variance reduction techniques (antithetic variates, control variates, importance sampling, stratified sampling), parallel simulation via the future framework, rare-event simulation (cross-entropy and multilevel splitting), path visualisation, and summary statistics. Methods are based on Glasserman (2003) <doi:10.1007/978-0-387-21617-1>, Asmussen & Glynn (2007) <doi:10.1007/978-0-387-69033-9>, Norris (1997) <doi:10.1017/CBO9780511810633>, and Kleinrock (1975, ISBN:0471491101).

This package provides functions to assess complex heterogeneity in the strength of a surrogate marker with respect to multiple baseline covariates, in either a randomized treatment setting or observational setting. For a randomized treatment setting, the functions assess and test for heterogeneity using both a parametric model and a semiparametric two-step model. More details for the randomized setting are available in: Knowlton, R., Tian, L., & Parast, L. (2025). "A General Framework to Assess Complex Heterogeneity in the Strength of a Surrogate Marker," Statistics in Medicine, 44(5), e70001 <doi:10.1002/sim.70001>. For an observational setting, functions in this package assess complex heterogeneity in the strength of a surrogate marker using meta-learners, with options for different base learners. More details for the observational setting will be available in the future in: Knowlton, R., Parast, L. (2025) "Assessing Surrogate Heterogeneity in Real World Data Using Meta-Learners." A tutorial for this package can be found at <https://www.laylaparast.com/cohetsurr>.

Perform variable selection for the spatial Poisson regression model under the adaptive elastic net penalty. Spatial count data with covariates is the input. We use a spatial Poisson regression model to link the spatial counts and covariates. For maximization of the likelihood under adaptive elastic net penalty, we implemented the penalized quasi-likelihood (PQL) and the approximate penalized loglikelihood (APL) methods. The proposed methods can automatically select important covariates, while adjusting for possible spatial correlations among the responses. More details are available in Xie et al. (2018, <arXiv:1809.06418>). The package also contains the Lyme disease dataset, which consists of the disease case data from 2006 to 2011, and demographic data and land cover data in Virginia. The Lyme disease case data were collected by the Virginia Department of Health. The demographic data (e.g., population density, median income, and average age) are from the 2010 census. Land cover data were obtained from the Multi-Resolution Land Cover Consortium for 2006.

Extending the functionalities of the VGAM package with additional functions and datasets. At present, VGAMextra comprises new family functions (ffs) to estimate several time series models by maximum likelihood using Fisher scoring, unlike popular packages in CRAN relying on optim(), including ARMA-GARCH-like models, the Order-(p, d, q) ARIMAX model (non- seasonal), the Order-(p) VAR model, error correction models for cointegrated time series, and ARMA-structures with Student-t errors. For independent data, new ffs to estimate the inverse- Weibull, the inverse-gamma, the generalized beta of the second kind and the general multivariate normal distributions are available. In addition, VGAMextra incorporates new VGLM-links for the mean-function, and the quantile-function (as an alternative to ordinary quantile modelling) of several 1-parameter distributions, that are compatible with the class of VGLM/VGAM family functions. Currently, only fixed-effects models are implemented. All functions are subject to change; see the NEWS for further details on the latest changes.

This package provides tools for viewscape analysis from one or multiple viewpoints using a digital surface or elevation model. Core functionality includes computing viewsheds, quantifying visual magnitude, calculating a suite of viewscape configuration metrics (extent, depth, relief, Sky View Factor, skyline variation, and patch-based landscape structure), Shannon Diversity Index and land cover feature proportions within the visible area, pairwise intervisibility networks, panoramic view generation, and visualizing results as rasters or polygons. Viewscape configuration metrics follow the methods of Tabrizian et al. (2020) <doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2019.103704>. The viewshed algorithm is based on Franklin & Ray (1994) <https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10680920> and Wang et al. (2000) <https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:131687018>. Visual magnitude is derived from Chamberlain & Meitner (2013) <doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2013.01.003>. Sky View Factor is computed following Oke (1981) <doi:10.1002/joc.3370010304> as implemented in the shadow package (Dorman et al. 2019) <doi:10.32614/RJ-2019-024>.

Empirical reservoir water quality modelling using Walker's BATHTUB Model 1 (second-order available-phosphorus sedimentation) from Walker (1985) <https://hdl.handle.net/11681/13884> and Walker (1996) <https://hdl.handle.net/11681/4353> as the default retention model. The Vollenweider (1976) hydraulic- residence form and the equivalent formulation of Larsen and Mercier (1976) are available as alternatives. Predicts in-lake total phosphorus, total nitrogen, chlorophyll-a, and Secchi depth from tributary nutrient and hydraulic loading inputs, and computes Carlson (1977) <doi:10.4319/lo.1977.22.2.0361> Trophic State Indices. Optional Oklahoma-specific chlorophyll and Secchi regression coefficients are provided, calibrated from publicly available state lake monitoring data. Supports single-segment and multi-segment reservoir configurations and load-reduction scenario analysis. Designed to complement watershed loading models such as the Soil and Water Assessment Tool ('SWAT'; <https://swat.tamu.edu>) and the U.S. EPA Hydrologic and Water Quality System ('HAWQS'; <https://hawqs.tamu.edu>) in a two-model nutrient management workflow.

Various cladogenesis-related calculations that are slow in pure R are implemented in C++ with Rcpp. These include the calculation of the probability of various scenarios for the inheritance of geographic range at the divergence events on a phylogenetic tree, and other calculations necessary for models which are not continuous-time markov chains (CTMC), but where change instead occurs instantaneously at speciation events. Typically these models must assess the probability of every possible combination of (ancestor state, left descendent state, right descendent state). This means that there are up to (# of states)^3 combinations to investigate, and in biogeographical models, there can easily be hundreds of states, so calculation time becomes an issue. C++ implementation plus clever tricks (many combinations can be eliminated a priori) can greatly speed the computation time over naive R implementations. CITATION INFO: This package is the result of my Ph.D. research, please cite the package if you use it! Type: citation(package="cladoRcpp") to get the citation information.

An implementation to reconstruct individual patient data from Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival curves, visualize and assess the accuracy of the reconstruction, then perform secondary analysis on the reconstructed data. We involve a simple function to extract the coordinates form the published K-M curves. The function is developed based on Poisot T. â s digitize package (2011) <doi:10.32614/RJ-2011-004> . For more complex and tangled together graphs, digitizing software, such as DigitizeIt (for MAC or windows) or ScanIt'(for windows) can be used to get the coordinates. Additional information should also be involved to increase the accuracy, like numbers of patients at risk (often reported at 5-10 time points under the x-axis of the K-M graph), total number of patients, and total number of events. The package implements the modified iterative K-M estimation algorithm (modified-iKM) improved upon the approach proposed by Guyot (2012) <doi:10.1186/1471-2288-12-9> with some modifications.

Constructs a magic rectangle or a nearly magic rectangle of order p x q for every order for which one exists, together with existence classification and verification utilities. A magic rectangle arranges the integers 1 to p*q so that all row sums are equal and all column sums are equal; it exists exactly when p and q have the same parity, excluding 2 x 2 and degenerate single-row/column cases (Hagedorn, 1999, <doi:10.1016/S0012-365X(99)00041-2>). When p and q have opposite parity a nearly magic rectangle exists instead, with constant sums along one direction and sums differing by at most one along the other (Chai, Singh and Stufken, 2019, Journal of Combinatorial Designs 27(6), 368-376). Implements the constructions of De Los Reyes, Das, Midha and Vellaisamy (2009) for even by even orders, Chai, Das and Midha (2013) for odd by odd orders, and Chai, Singh and Stufken (2019) for the nearly magic (even by odd) case.

We proposes a framework that provides real time support for early detection of anomalous series within a large collection of streaming time series data. By definition, anomalies are rare in comparison to a system's typical behaviour. We define an anomaly as an observation that is very unlikely given the forecast distribution. The algorithm first forecasts a boundary for the system's typical behaviour using a representative sample of the typical behaviour of the system. An approach based on extreme value theory is used for this boundary prediction process. Then a sliding window is used to test for anomalous series within the newly arrived collection of series. Feature based representation of time series is used as the input to the model. To cope with concept drift, the forecast boundary for the system's typical behaviour is updated periodically. More details regarding the algorithm can be found in Talagala, P. D., Hyndman, R. J., Smith-Miles, K., et al. (2019) <doi:10.1080/10618600.2019.1617160>.

Implementation of the classic Genz algorithm and a novel tile-low-rank algorithm for computing relatively high-dimensional multivariate normal (MVN) and Student-t (MVT) probabilities. References used for this package: Foley, James, Andries van Dam, Steven Feiner, and John Hughes. "Computer Graphics: Principle and Practice". Addison-Wesley Publishing Company. Reading, Massachusetts (1987, ISBN:0-201-84840-6 1); Genz, A., "Numerical computation of multivariate normal probabilities," Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics, 1, 141-149 (1992) <doi:10.1080/10618600.1992.10477010>; Cao, J., Genton, M. G., Keyes, D. E., & Turkiyyah, G. M. "Exploiting Low Rank Covariance Structures for Computing High-Dimensional Normal and Student- t Probabilities," Statistics and Computing, 31.1, 1-16 (2021) <doi:10.1007/s11222-020-09978-y>; Cao, J., Genton, M. G., Keyes, D. E., & Turkiyyah, G. M. "tlrmvnmvt: Computing High-Dimensional Multivariate Normal and Student-t Probabilities with Low-Rank Methods in R," Journal of Statistical Software, 101.4, 1-25 (2022) <doi:10.18637/jss.v101.i04>.

This package provides functions for the evaluation of basket trial designs with binary endpoints. Operating characteristics of a basket trial design are assessed by simulating trial data according to scenarios, analyzing the data with Bayesian hierarchical models (BHMs), and assessing decision probabilities on stratum and trial-level based on Go / No-go decision making. The package is build for high flexibility regarding decision rules, number of interim analyses, number of strata, and recruitment. The BHMs proposed by Berry et al. (2013) <doi:10.1177/1740774513497539> and Neuenschwander et al. (2016) <doi:10.1002/pst.1730>, as well as a model that combines both approaches are implemented. Functions are provided to implement Bayesian decision rules as for example proposed by Fisch et al. (2015) <doi:10.1177/2168479014533970>. In addition, posterior point estimates (mean/median) and credible intervals for response rates and some model parameters can be calculated. For simulated trial data, bias and mean squared errors of posterior point estimates for response rates can be provided.

This package provides tools for creating animated glassmorphism-style tab navigation and select filter widgets in Shiny applications. Provides a tab navigation component with a sliding glass halo animation, a searchable multi-select dropdown, and a single-select dropdown - all with multiple colour themes and server-side update helpers. Tabs support icons, numeric badges, disable/enable toggling, runtime append/remove, reactive rendering via renderGlassTabs()', URL bookmarking, responsive overflow modes, optional touch gestures, reduced-motion support, and compact mode for dashboard card layouts. glassTabCondition() generates conditionalPanel() condition strings without needing to recall the internal input key pattern. glasstabs_news() displays the release notes from the R console. Built-in example apps can be launched with runGlassExample()'. All widgets are compatible with standard Shiny layouts and bs4Dash dashboards and bslib themed applications. An experimental glassPage() helper provides a thin wrapper around a fillable bslib page when bslib is installed. For full documentation and examples see Arthur (2026) <https://prigasg.github.io/glasstabs/>.

Enrichment analysis enables researchers to uncover mechanisms underlying a phenotype. However, conventional methods for enrichment analysis do not take into account protein-protein interaction information, resulting in incomplete conclusions. pathfindR is a tool for enrichment analysis utilizing active subnetworks. The main function identifies active subnetworks in a protein-protein interaction network using a user-provided list of genes and associated p values. It then performs enrichment analyses on the identified subnetworks, identifying enriched terms (i.e. pathways or, more broadly, gene sets) that possibly underlie the phenotype of interest. pathfindR also offers functionalities to cluster the enriched terms and identify representative terms in each cluster, to score the enriched terms per sample and to visualize analysis results. The enrichment, clustering and other methods implemented in pathfindR are described in detail in Ulgen E, Ozisik O, Sezerman OU. 2019. pathfindR': An R Package for Comprehensive Identification of Enriched Pathways in Omics Data Through Active Subnetworks. Front. Genet. <doi:10.3389/fgene.2019.00858>.