Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) data sets by Karlen et al. (2007) <doi:10.1186/1471-2105-8-131>. Provides one single tabular tidy data set in long format, encompassing 32 dilution series, for seven PCR targets and four biological samples. The targeted amplicons are within the murine genes: Cav1, Ccn2, Eln, Fn1, Rpl27, Hspg2, and Serpine1, respectively. Dilution series: scheme 1 (Cav1, Eln, Hspg2, Serpine1): 1-fold, 10-fold, 50-fold, and 100-fold; scheme 2 (Ccn2, Rpl27, Fn1): 1-fold, 10-fold, 50-fold, 100-fold and 1000-fold. For each concentration there are five replicates, except for the 1000-fold concentration, where only two replicates were performed. Each amplification curve is 40 cycles long. Original raw data file is Additional file 2 from "Statistical significance of quantitative PCR" by Y. Karlen, A. McNair, S. Perseguers, C. Mazza, and N. Mermod (2007) <https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1186%2F1471-2105-8-131/MediaObjects/12859_2006_1503_MOESM2_ESM.ZIP>.

Comparative evaluation of families and candidate variants in rare-variant association studies. The package can be used for two methodologically overlapping but distinct purposes. First, the prior to any genetic or genomic evaluation, evaluation of relative detection power of pedigrees, can direct recruitment efforts by showing which individuals not yet sampled would be the most meaningful additions to a study. Second, after sequencing and analysis, variants based on association with disease status and familial relationships of individuals, aids in variant prioritization. Methodology is described in Nugent (2025) <doi:10.1101/2025.10.06.25337426>.

Two main functionalities are provided. One of them is predicting values with k-nearest neighbors algorithm and the other is optimizing the parameters k and d of the algorithm. These are carried out in parallel using multiple threads.

Kernel Learning Integrative Clustering (KLIC) is an algorithm that allows to combine multiple kernels, each representing a different measure of the similarity between a set of observations. The contribution of each kernel on the final clustering is weighted according to the amount of information carried by it. As well as providing the functions required to perform the kernel-based clustering, this package also allows the user to simply give the data as input: the kernels are then built using consensus clustering. Different strategies to choose the best number of clusters are also available. For further details please see Cabassi and Kirk (2020) <doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa593>.

Evaluate specific panels in different aspects: i) Simulation tools related to pedigree researches; ii) calculation for systemic effectiveness indicators, such as probability of exclusion (PE).

Extends RT-QuIC (Real-Time Quaking-Induced Conversion) statistical analysis to complex environmental matrices through hierarchical adaptive classification. KWELA is named after a deity of the Fore people of Papua New Guinea, among whom Kuru, a notable human prion disease, was identified. Implements a 6-layer architecture: hard gate biological constraints, per-well adaptive scoring, separation-aware combination, Youden-optimized cutoffs, replicate consensus, and matrix instability detection. Features dual-mode operation (diagnostic/research), auto-profile selection (Standard/Sensitive/Matrix-Robust), RAF integration for artifact detection, matrix-aware baseline correction, and multiple consensus rules. Methods include energy distance (Szekely and Rizzo (2013) <doi:10.1016/j.jspi.2013.03.018>), CRPS (Gneiting and Raftery (2007) <doi:10.1198/016214506000001437>), SSMD (Zhang (2007) <doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2007.01.005>), and Jensen-Shannon divergence (Lin (1991) <doi:10.1109/18.61115>). This package implements methodology currently under peer review; please contact the author before publication using this approach. Development followed an iterative human-machine collaboration where all algorithmic design, statistical methodologies, and biological validation logic were conceptualized, tested, and iteratively refined by Richard A. Feiss through repeated cycles of running experimental data, evaluating analytical outputs, and selecting among candidate algorithms and approaches. AI systems ('Anthropic Claude and OpenAI GPT') served as coding assistants and analytical sounding boards under continuous human direction. The selection of statistical methods, evaluation of biological plausibility, and all final methodology decisions were made by the human author. AI systems did not independently originate algorithms, statistical approaches, or scientific methodologies.

This package implements a quantified approach to the Kraljic Matrix (Kraljic, 1983, <https://hbr.org/1983/09/purchasing-must-become-supply-management>) for strategically analyzing a firmâ s purchasing portfolio. It combines multi-objective decision analysis to measure purchasing characteristics and uses this information to place products and services within the Kraljic Matrix.

This package provides a multi-purpose and flexible k-meric enrichment analysis software. kmeRtone measures the enrichment of k-mers by comparing the population of k-mers in the case loci with a carefully devised internal negative control group, consisting of k-mers from regions close to, yet sufficiently distant from, the case loci to mitigate any potential sequencing bias. This method effectively captures both the local sequencing variations and broader sequence influences, while also correcting for potential biases, thereby ensuring more accurate analysis. The core functionality of kmeRtone is the SCORE() function, which calculates the susceptibility scores for k-mers in case and control regions. Case regions are defined by the genomic coordinates provided in a file by the user and the control regions can be constructed relative to the case regions or provided directly. The k-meric susceptibility scores are calculated by using a one-proportion z-statistic. kmeRtone is highly flexible by allowing users to also specify their target k-mer patterns and quantify the corresponding k-mer enrichment scores in the context of these patterns, allowing for a more comprehensive approach to understanding the functional implications of specific DNA sequences on a genomic scale (e.g., CT motifs upon UV radiation damage). Adib A. Abdullah, Patrick Pflughaupt, Claudia Feng, Aleksandr B. Sahakyan (2024) Bioinformatics (submitted).

This package provides basic functions for Continuation-Passing Style development.

Access business registration data from the Dutch Chamber of Commerce (Kamer van Koophandel, KvK) through their official API <https://developers.kvk.nl/>. Search for companies by name, location, or registration number. Retrieve detailed business profiles, establishment information, and company name histories. Built on httr2 for robust API interaction with automatic pagination, error handling, and usage tracking.

This package provides a collection of shiny applications for the tesselle packages <https://www.tesselle.org/>. This package provides applications for archaeological data analysis and visualization. These mainly, but not exclusively, include applications for chronological modelling (e.g. matrix seriation, aoristic analysis) and count data analysis (e.g. diversity measures, compositional data analysis).

Identification of putative causal variants in genome-wide association studies using hybrid analysis of both the trio and population designs. The package implements the method in the paper: Yang, Y., Wang, Q., Wang, C., Buxbaum, J., & Ionita-Laza, I. (2024). KnockoffHybrid: A knockoff framework for hybrid analysis of trio and population designs in genome-wide association studies. The American Journal of Human Genetics, in press.

Miscellaneous functions for classification and visualization, e.g. regularized discriminant analysis, sknn() kernel-density naive Bayes, an interface to svmlight and stepclass() wrapper variable selection for supervised classification, partimat() visualization of classification rules and shardsplot() of cluster results as well as kmodes() clustering for categorical data, corclust() variable clustering, variable extraction from different variable clustering models and weight of evidence preprocessing.

This package provides a unified software package simultaneously implemented in Python', R', and Matlab providing a uniform and internally-consistent way of calculating stoichiometric equilibrium constants in modern and palaeo seawater as a function of temperature, salinity, pressure and the concentration of magnesium, calcium, sulphate, and fluorine.

This package provides a collection of useful functions not found anywhere else, mainly for programming: Pretty intervals, generalized lagged differences, checking containment in an interval, and an alternative interface to assign().

Package implements Kernel-based Regularized Least Squares (KRLS), a machine learning method to fit multidimensional functions y=f(x) for regression and classification problems without relying on linearity or additivity assumptions. KRLS finds the best fitting function by minimizing the squared loss of a Tikhonov regularization problem, using Gaussian kernels as radial basis functions. For further details see Hainmueller and Hazlett (2014).

Routines to handle family data with a pedigree object. The initial purpose was to create correlation structures that describe family relationships such as kinship and identity-by-descent, which can be used to model family data in mixed effects models, such as in the coxme function. Also includes a tool for pedigree drawing which is focused on producing compact layouts without intervention. Recent additions include utilities to trim the pedigree object with various criteria, and kinship for the X chromosome.

Kernel functions for diverse types of data (including, but not restricted to: nonnegative and real vectors, real matrices, categorical and ordinal variables, sets, strings), plus other utilities like kernel similarity, kernel Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and features importance for Support Vector Machines (SVMs), which expand other R packages like kernlab'.

Implementations of two empirical versions the kernel partial correlation (KPC) coefficient and the associated variable selection algorithms. KPC is a measure of the strength of conditional association between Y and Z given X, with X, Y, Z being random variables taking values in general topological spaces. As the name suggests, KPC is defined in terms of kernels on reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (RKHSs). The population KPC is a deterministic number between 0 and 1; it is 0 if and only if Y is conditionally independent of Z given X, and it is 1 if and only if Y is a measurable function of Z and X. One empirical KPC estimator is based on geometric graphs, such as K-nearest neighbor graphs and minimum spanning trees, and is consistent under very weak conditions. The other empirical estimator, defined using conditional mean embeddings (CMEs) as used in the RKHS literature, is also consistent under suitable conditions. Using KPC, a stepwise forward variable selection algorithm KFOCI (using the graph based estimator of KPC) is provided, as well as a similar stepwise forward selection algorithm based on the RKHS based estimator. For more details on KPC, its empirical estimators and its application on variable selection, see Huang, Z., N. Deb, and B. Sen (2022). â Kernel partial correlation coefficient â a measure of conditional dependenceâ (URL listed below). When X is empty, KPC measures the unconditional dependence between Y and Z, which has been described in Deb, N., P. Ghosal, and B. Sen (2020), â Measuring association on topological spaces using kernels and geometric graphsâ <arXiv:2010.01768>, and it is implemented in the functions KMAc() and Klin() in this package. The latter can be computed in near linear time.

This package provides useful functions which are needed for bioinformatic analysis such as calculating linear principal components from numeric data and Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) dataset, calculating fixation index (Fst) using Hudson method, creating scatter plots in 3 views, handling with PLINK binary file format, detecting rough structures and outliers using unsupervised clustering, and calculating matrix multiplication in the faster way for big data.

Time Series Analysis including break detection, spectral analysis, KZ Fourier Transforms.

Convert keys and other values to memorable phrases. Includes some methods to build lists of words.

Read Swiss time series data from the KOF Data API, <https://datenservice.kof.ethz.ch>. The API provides macro economic time series data mostly about Switzerland. The package itself is a set of wrappers around the KOF Datenservice API. The kofdata package is able to consume public information as well as data that requires an API token.

This package implements estimation procedures for Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Nonlinear ARDL (NARDL) models, which allow researchers to investigate both short- and long-run relationships in time series data under mixed orders of integration. The package supports simultaneous modeling of symmetric and asymmetric regressors, flexible treatment of short-run and long-run asymmetries, and automated equation handling. It includes several cointegration testing approaches such as the Pesaran-Shin-Smith F and t bounds tests, the Banerjee error correction test, and the restricted ECM test, together with diagnostic tools including Wald tests for asymmetry, ARCH tests, and stability procedures (CUSUM and CUSUMQ). Methodological foundations are provided in Pesaran, Shin, and Smith (2001) <doi:10.1016/S0304-4076(01)00049-5> and Shin, Yu, and Greenwood-Nimmo (2014, ISBN:9780123855079).