Compute Buishand Range Test, Pettit Test, SNHT, Student t-test, and Mann-Whitney Rank Test, to identify breakpoints in series. For all functions NA is allowed. Since all of the mention methods identify only one breakpoint in a series, a general function to look for N breakpoint is given. Also, the Yamamoto test for climate jump is available. Alexandersson, H. (1986) <doi:10.1002/joc.3370060607>, Buishand, T. (1982) <doi:10.1016/0022-1694(82)90066-X>, Hurtado, S. I., Zaninelli, P. G., & Agosta, E. A. (2020) <doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2020.104955>, Mann, H. B., Whitney, D. R. (1947) <doi:10.1214/aoms/1177730491>, Pettitt, A. N. (1979) <doi:10.2307/2346729>, Ruxton, G. D., jul (2006) <doi:10.1093/beheco/ark016>, Yamamoto, R., Iwashima, T., Kazadi, S. N., & Hoshiai, M. (1985) <doi:10.2151/jmsj1965.63.6_1157>.

This package provides a publication-ready toolkit for modern survival and competing risks analysis with a minimal, formula-based interface. Both nonparametric estimation and direct polytomous regression of cumulative incidence functions (CIFs) are supported. The main functions cifcurve()', cifplot()', and cifpanel() estimate survival and CIF curves and produce high-quality graphics with risk tables, censoring and competing-risk marks, and multi-panel or inset layouts built on ggplot2 and ggsurvfit'. The modeling function polyreg() performs direct polytomous regression for coherent joint modeling of all cause-specific CIFs to estimate risk ratios, odds ratios, or subdistribution hazard ratios at user-specified time points. All core functions adopt a formula-and-data syntax and return tidy and extensible outputs that integrate smoothly with modelsummary', broom', and the broader tidyverse ecosystem. Key numerical routines are implemented in C++ via Rcpp'.

This package contains all of the functions necessary for the complete analysis of a continuous glucose monitoring study and can be applied to data measured by various existing CGM devices such as FreeStyle Libre', Glutalor', Dexcom and Medtronic CGM'. It reads a series of data files, is able to convert various formats of time stamps, can deal with missing values, calculates both regular statistics and nonlinear statistics, and conducts group comparison. It also displays results in a concise format. Also contains two unique features new to CGM analysis: one is the implementation of strictly standard mean difference and the class of effect size; the other is the development of a new type of plot called antenna plot. It corresponds to Zhang XD'(2018)<doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btx826>'s article CGManalyzer: an R package for analyzing continuous glucose monitoring studies'.

This package provides a general-purpose toolkit for comparing any two data frames with optional CDISC (Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium) validation for clinical trial data. Core comparison functions work on arbitrary datasets: variable-level and observation-level comparison, data type checking, metadata attribute analysis (types, labels, lengths, formats), missing value handling, key-based row matching, tolerance-based numeric comparisons, and group-wise comparisons. Optional z-score outlier detection is available when enabled. When working with clinical data, the package additionally validates SDTM (Study Data Tabulation Model) and ADaM (Analysis Data Model) datasets against CDISC standards (SDTM IG 3.3/3.4, ADaM IG 1.1/1.2/1.3), automatically detecting domains and flagging non-conformant variables. Generates unified comparison reports in text or HTML format with interactive dashboards. For CDISC standards, see <https://www.cdisc.org/standards>.

Calculate Overall Survival or Recurrence-Free Survival for breast cancer patients, using NHS Predict'. The time interval for the estimation can be set up to 15 years, with default at 10. Incremental therapy benefits are estimated for hormone therapy, chemotherapy, trastuzumab, and bisphosphonates. An additional function, suited for SCAN audits, features a more user-friendly version of the code, with fewer inputs, but necessitates the correct standardised inputs. This work is not affiliated with the development of NHS Predict and its underlying statistical model. Details on NHS Predict can be found at: <doi:10.1186/bcr2464>. The web version of NHS Predict': <https://breast.predict.nhs.uk/>. A small dataset of 50 fictional patient observations is provided for the purpose of running examples with the main two functions, and an additional dataset is provided for running example with the dedicated SCAN function.

This package provides estimates for the bivariate and trivariate distribution functions and bivariate and trivariate survival functions for censored gap times. Two approaches, using existing methodologies, are considered: (i) the Lin's estimator, which is based on the extension the Kaplan-Meier estimator of the distribution function for the first event time and the Inverse Probability of Censoring Weights for the second time (Lin DY, Sun W, Ying Z (1999) <doi:10.1093/biomet/86.1.59> and (ii) another estimator based on Kaplan-Meier weights (Una-Alvarez J, Meira-Machado L (2008) <https://w3.math.uminho.pt/~lmachado/Biometria_conference.pdf>). The proposed methods are the landmark estimators based on subsampling approach, and the estimator based on weighted cumulative hazard estimator. The package also provides nonparametric estimator conditional to a given continuous covariate. All these methods have been submitted to be published.

This is a heavily modified fork of http://github.com/defunkt/colored gem, with many sensible pull requests combined. Since the authors of the original gem no longer support it, this might, perhaps, be considered a good alternative.

Simple gem that adds various color methods to String class, and can be used as follows:

require 'colored2'

puts 'this is red'.red puts 'this is red with a yellow background'.red.on.yellow puts 'this is red with and italic'.red.italic puts 'this is green bold'.green.bold &lt;&lt; ' and regular'.green puts 'this is really bold blue on white but reversed'.bold.blue.on.white.reversed puts 'this is regular, but '.red! &lt;&lt; 'this is red '.yellow! &lt;&lt; ' and yellow.'.no_color! puts ('this is regular, but '.red! do 'this is red '.yellow! do ' and yellow.'.no_color! end end)

Finds single- and two-arm designs using stochastic curtailment, as described by Law et al. (2022) <doi:10.1080/10543406.2021.2009498> and Law et al. (2021) <doi:10.1002/pst.2067> respectively. Designs can be single-stage or multi-stage. Non-stochastic curtailment is possible as a special case. Desired error-rates, maximum sample size and lower and upper anticipated response rates are inputted and suitable designs are returned with operating characteristics. Stopping boundaries and visualisations are also available. The package can find designs using other approaches, for example designs by Simon (1989) <doi:10.1016/0197-2456(89)90015-9> and Mander and Thompson (2010) <doi:10.1016/j.cct.2010.07.008>. Other features: compare and visualise designs using a weighted sum of expected sample sizes under the null and alternative hypotheses and maximum sample size; visualise any binary outcome design.

Facilitates creation and manipulation of metric graphs, such as street or river networks. Further facilitates operations and visualizations of data on metric graphs, and the creation of a large class of random fields and stochastic partial differential equations on such spaces. These random fields can be used for simulation, prediction and inference. In particular, linear mixed effects models including random field components can be fitted to data based on computationally efficient sparse matrix representations. Interfaces to the R packages INLA and inlabru are also provided, which facilitate working with Bayesian statistical models on metric graphs. The main references for the methods are Bolin, Simas and Wallin (2024) <doi:10.3150/23-BEJ1647>, Bolin, Kovacs, Kumar and Simas (2023) <doi:10.1090/mcom/3929> and Bolin, Simas and Wallin (2023) <doi:10.48550/arXiv.2304.03190> and <doi:10.48550/arXiv.2304.10372>.

Random simulations of fuzzy numbers are still a challenging problem. The aim of this package is to provide the respective procedures to simulate fuzzy random variables, especially in the case of the piecewise linear fuzzy numbers (PLFNs, see Coroianua et al. (2013) <doi:10.1016/j.fss.2013.02.005> for the further details). Additionally, the special resampling algorithms known as the epistemic bootstrap are provided (see Grzegorzewski and Romaniuk (2022) <doi:10.34768/amcs-2022-0021>, Grzegorzewski and Romaniuk (2022) <doi:10.1007/978-3-031-08974-9_39>, Romaniuk et al. (2024) <doi:10.32614/RJ-2024-016>) together with the functions to apply statistical tests and estimate various characteristics based on the epistemic bootstrap. The package also includes real-life datasets of epistemic fuzzy triangular and trapezoidal numbers. The fuzzy numbers used in this package are consistent with the FuzzyNumbers package.

Seq2pathway is a novel tool for functional gene-set (or termed as pathway) analysis of next-generation sequencing data, consisting of "seq2gene" and "gene2path" components. The seq2gene links sequence-level measurements of genomic regions (including SNPs or point mutation coordinates) to gene-level scores, and the gene2pathway summarizes gene scores to pathway-scores for each sample. The seq2gene has the feasibility to assign both coding and non-exon regions to a broader range of neighboring genes than only the nearest one, thus facilitating the study of functional non-coding regions. The gene2pathway takes into account the quantity of significance for gene members within a pathway compared those outside a pathway. The output of seq2pathway is a general structure of quantitative pathway-level scores, thus allowing one to functional interpret such datasets as RNA-seq, ChIP-seq, GWAS, and derived from other next generational sequencing experiments.

These Rcpp'-based functions compute the efficient score statistics for grouped time-to-event data (Prentice and Gloeckler, 1978), with the optional inclusion of baseline covariates. Functions for estimating the parameter of interest and nuisance parameters, including baseline hazards, using maximum likelihood are also provided. A parallel set of functions allow for the incorporation of family structure of related individuals (e.g., trios). Note that the current implementation of the frailty model (Ripatti and Palmgren, 2000) is sensitive to departures from model assumptions, and should be considered experimental. For these data, the exact proportional-hazards-model-based likelihood is computed by evaluating multiple variable integration. The integration is accomplished using the Cuba library (Hahn, 2005), and the source files are included in this package. The maximization process is carried out using Brent's algorithm, with the C++ code file from John Burkardt and John Denker (Brent, 2002).

Fast, optimal, and reproducible clustering algorithms for circular, periodic, or framed data. The algorithms introduced here are based on a core algorithm for optimal framed clustering the authors have developed (Debnath & Song 2021) <doi:10.1109/TCBB.2021.3077573>. The runtime of these algorithms is O(K N log^2 N), where K is the number of clusters and N is the number of circular data points. On a desktop computer using a single processor core, millions of data points can be grouped into a few clusters within seconds. One can apply the algorithms to characterize events along circular DNA molecules, circular RNA molecules, and circular genomes of bacteria, chloroplast, and mitochondria. One can also cluster climate data along any given longitude or latitude. Periodic data clustering can be formulated as circular clustering. The algorithms offer a general high-performance solution to circular, periodic, or framed data clustering.

Computes the extended spring indices (SI-x) and false spring exposure indices (FSEI). The SI-x indices are standard indices used for analysis in spring phenology studies. In addition, the FSEI is also from research on the climatology of false springs and adjusted to include an early and late false spring exposure index. The indices include the first leaf index, first bloom index, and false spring exposure indices, along with all calculations for all functions needed to calculate each index. The main function returns all indices, but each function can also be run separately. Allstadt et al. (2015) <doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/10/10/104008> Ault et al. (2015) <doi: 10.1016/j.cageo.2015.06.015> Peterson and Abatzoglou (2014) <doi: 10.1002/2014GL059266> Schwarz et al. (2006) <doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.01097.x> Schwarz et al. (2013) <doi: 10.1002/joc.3625>.

The C++ header files of the Stan project are provided by this package. There is a shared object containing part of the CVODES library, but it is not accessible from R. r-stanheaders is only useful for developers who want to utilize the LinkingTo directive of their package's DESCRIPTION file to build on the Stan library without incurring unnecessary dependencies.

The Stan project develops a probabilistic programming language that implements full or approximate Bayesian statistical inference via Markov Chain Monte Carlo or variational methods and implements (optionally penalized) maximum likelihood estimation via optimization. The Stan library includes an advanced automatic differentiation scheme, templated statistical and linear algebra functions that can handle the automatically differentiable scalar types (and doubles, ints, etc.), and a parser for the Stan language. The r-rstan package provides user-facing R functions to parse, compile, test, estimate, and analyze Stan models.

Detect feedback loops (cycles, circuits) between species (nodes) in ordinary differential equation (ODE) models. Feedback loops are paths from a node to itself without visiting any other node twice, and they have important regulatory functions. Loops are reported with their order of participating nodes and their length, and whether the loop is a positive or a negative feedback loop. An upper limit of the number of feedback loops limits runtime (which scales with feedback loop count). Model parametrizations and values of the modelled variables are accounted for. Computation uses the characteristics of the Jacobian matrix as described e.g. in Thomas and Kaufman (2002) <doi:10.1016/s1631-0691(02)01452-x>. Input can be the Jacobian matrix of the ODE model or the ODE function definition; in the latter case, the Jacobian matrix is determined using numDeriv'. Graph-based algorithms from igraph are employed for path detection.

This package contains the functions for construction and visualization of underlying and reflexivity graphs of the three families of the proximity catch digraphs (PCDs), see (Ceyhan (2005) ISBN:978-3-639-19063-2), and for computing the edge density of these PCD-based graphs which are then used for testing the patterns of segregation and association against complete spatial randomness (CSR)) or uniformity in one and two dimensional cases. The PCD families considered are Arc-Slice PCDs, Proportional-Edge (PE) PCDs (Ceyhan et al. (2006) <doi:10.1016/j.csda.2005.03.002>) and Central Similarity PCDs (Ceyhan et al. (2007) <doi:10.1002/cjs.5550350106>). See also (Ceyhan (2016) <doi:10.1016/j.stamet.2016.07.003>) for edge density of the underlying and reflexivity graphs of PE-PCDs. The package also has tools for visualization of PCD-based graphs for one, two, and three dimensional data.

Org Ref is an Emacs library that provides rich support for citations, labels and cross-references in Org mode.

The basic idea of Org Ref is that it defines a convenient interface to insert citations from a reference database (e.g., from BibTeX files), and a set of functional Org links for citations, cross-references and labels that export properly to LaTeX, and that provide clickable functionality to the user. Org Ref interfaces with Helm BibTeX to facilitate citation entry, and it can also use RefTeX.

It also provides a fairly large number of utilities for finding bad citations, extracting BibTeX entries from citations in an Org file, and functions to create and modify BibTeX entries from a variety of sources, most notably from a DOI.

Org Ref is especially suitable for Org documents destined for LaTeX export and scientific publication. Org Ref is also useful for research documents and notes.

This package provides easy access to essential climate change datasets to non-climate experts. Users can download the latest raw data from authoritative sources and view it via pre-defined ggplot2 charts. Datasets include atmospheric CO2, methane, emissions, instrumental and proxy temperature records, sea levels, Arctic/Antarctic sea-ice, Hurricanes, and Paleoclimate data. Sources include: NOAA Mauna Loa Laboratory <https://gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/trends/data.html>, Global Carbon Project <https://www.globalcarbonproject.org/carbonbudget/>, NASA GISTEMP <https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/>, National Snow and Sea Ice Data Center <https://nsidc.org/home>, CSIRO <https://research.csiro.au/slrwavescoast/sea-level/measurements-and-data/sea-level-data/>, NOAA Laboratory for Satellite Altimetry <https://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/socd/lsa/SeaLevelRise/> and HURDAT Atlantic Hurricane Database <https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/Data_Storm.html>, Vostok Paleo carbon dioxide and temperature data: <doi:10.3334/CDIAC/ATG.009>.

Tool for easy prior construction and visualization. It helps to formulates joint prior distributions for variance parameters in latent Gaussian models. The resulting prior is robust and can be created in an intuitive way. A graphical user interface (GUI) can be used to choose the joint prior, where the user can click through the model and select priors. An extensive guide is available in the GUI. The package allows for direct inference with the specified model and prior. Using a hierarchical variance decomposition, we formulate a joint variance prior that takes the whole model structure into account. In this way, existing knowledge can intuitively be incorporated at the level it applies to. Alternatively, one can use independent variance priors for each model components in the latent Gaussian model. Details can be found in the accompanying scientific paper: Hem, Fuglstad, Riebler (2024, Journal of Statistical Software, <doi:10.18637/jss.v110.i03>).

Org-Babel support for evaluating rust code. Much of this is modeled after `ob-C'. Just like the `ob-C', you can specify :flags headers when compiling with the "rust run" command. Unlike `ob-C', you can also specify :args which can be a list of arguments to pass to the binary. If you quote the value passed into the list, it will use `ob-ref to find the reference data. If you do not include a main function or a package name, `ob-rust will provide it for you and it's the only way to properly use very limited implementation: - currently only support :results output. ; Requirements: - You must have rust and cargo installed and the rust and cargo should be in your `exec-path rust command. - rust-script - `rust-mode is also recommended for syntax highlighting and formatting. Not this particularly needs it, it just assumes you have it.

Simulate inventory policies with and without forecasting, facilitate inventory analysis calculations such as stock levels and re-order points,pricing and promotions calculations. The package includes calculations of inventory metrics, stock-out calculations and ABC analysis calculations. The package includes revenue management techniques such as Multi-product optimization,logit and polynomial model optimization. The functions are referenced from : 1-Harris, Ford W. (1913). "How many parts to make at once". Factory, The Magazine of Management. 2- Nahmias, S. Production and Operations Analysis. McGraw-Hill International Edition. 3-Silver, E.A., Pyke, D.F., Peterson, R. Inventory Management and Production Planning and Scheduling. 4-Ballou, R.H. Business Logistics Management. 5-MIT Micromasters Program. 6- Columbia University course for supply and demand analysis. 8- Price Elasticity of Demand MATH 104,Mark Mac Lean (with assistance from Patrick Chan) 2011W For further details or correspondence :<www.linkedin.com/in/haythamomar>, <www.rescaleanalytics.com>.

Perform inference in the secondary analysis setting with linked data potentially containing mismatch errors. Only the linked data file may be accessible and information about the record linkage process may be limited or unavailable. Implements the General Framework for Regression with Mismatched Data developed by Slawski et al. (2023) <doi:10.48550/arXiv.2306.00909>. The framework uses a mixture model for pairs of linked records whose two components reflect distributions conditional on match status, i.e., correct match or mismatch. Inference is based on composite likelihood and the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm. The package currently supports Cox Proportional Hazards Regression (right-censored data only) and Generalized Linear Regression Models (Gaussian, Gamma, Poisson, and Logistic (binary models only)). Information about the underlying record linkage process can be incorporated into the method if available (e.g., assumed overall mismatch rate, safe matches, predictors of match status, or predicted probabilities of correct matches).

stJoincount facilitates the application of join count analysis to spatial transcriptomic data generated from the 10x Genomics Visium platform. This tool first converts a labeled spatial tissue map into a raster object, in which each spatial feature is represented by a pixel coded by label assignment. This process includes automatic calculation of optimal raster resolution and extent for the sample. A neighbors list is then created from the rasterized sample, in which adjacent and diagonal neighbors for each pixel are identified. After adding binary spatial weights to the neighbors list, a multi-categorical join count analysis is performed to tabulate "joins" between all possible combinations of label pairs. The function returns the observed join counts, the expected count under conditions of spatial randomness, and the variance calculated under non-free sampling. The z-score is then calculated as the difference between observed and expected counts, divided by the square root of the variance.