This package provides a comprehensive framework for early epidemic detection through school absenteeism surveillance. The package offers three core functionalities: (1) simulation of population structures, epidemic spread, and resulting school absenteeism patterns; (2) implementation of surveillance models that generate alerts for impending epidemics based on absenteeism data and (3) evaluation of alert timeliness and accuracy through alert time quality metrics to optimize model parameters. These tools enable public health officials and researchers to develop and assess early warning systems before implementation. Methods are based on research published in Vanderkruk et al. (2023) <doi:10.1186/s12889-023-15747-z> and Ward et al. (2019) <doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7521-7>.

Higher order likelihood inference is a promising approach for analyzing small sample size data. The holi package provides web applications for higher order likelihood inference. It currently supports linear, logistic, and Poisson generalized linear models through the rstar_glm() function, based on Pierce and Bellio (2017) <doi:10.1111/insr.12232> and likelihoodAsy'. The package offers two main features: LA_rstar(), which launches an interactive shiny application allowing users to fit models with rstar_glm() through their web browser, and sim_rstar_glm_pgsql(), which streamlines the process of launching a web-based shiny simulation application that saves results to a user-created PostgreSQL database.

This package provides a collection of statistical hypothesis tests and other techniques for identifying certain spatial relationships/phenomena in DNA sequences. In particular, it provides tests and graphical methods for determining whether or not DNA sequences comply with Chargaff's second parity rule or exhibit purine-pyrimidine parity. In addition, there are functions for efficiently simulating discrete state space Markov chains and testing arbitrary symbolic sequences of symbols for the presence of first-order Markovianness. Also, it has functions for counting words/k-mers (and cylinder patterns) in arbitrary symbolic sequences. Functions which take a DNA sequence as input can handle sequences stored as SeqFastadna objects from the seqinr package.

Set of tools to fit a linear multiple or semi-parametric regression models with the possibility of non-informative random right or left censoring. Under this setup, the localization parameter of the response variable distribution is modeled by using linear multiple regression or semi-parametric functions, whose non-parametric components may be approximated by natural cubic spline or P-splines. The supported distribution for the model error is a generalized log-gamma distribution which includes the generalized extreme value and standard normal distributions as important special cases. Inference is based on likelihood, penalized likelihood and bootstrap methods. Lastly, some numerical and graphical devices for diagnostic of the fitted models are offered.

This package provides a Variational Bayesian algorithm for high-dimensional multi-source heterogeneous linear models. More details have been written up in a paper submitted to the journal Statistics in Medicine, and the details of variational Bayesian methods can be found in Ray and Szabo (2021) <doi:10.1080/01621459.2020.1847121>. It simultaneously performs parameter estimation and variable selection. The algorithm supports two model settings: (1) local models, where variable selection is only applied to homogeneous coefficients, and (2) global models, where variable selection is also performed on heterogeneous coefficients. Two forms of Spike-and-Slab priors are available: the Laplace distribution and the Gaussian distribution as the Slab component.

This package provides pre-compiled static VTK libraries and headers so that downstream R packages can link against the Visualization Toolkit without requiring users to install VTK manually. On all platforms the package first honours a user-supplied VTK_DIR environment variable. On macOS it then tries Homebrew', followed by pkg-config'. On Linux it tries pkg-config and well-known system prefixes ('/usr', /usr/local'). If no suitable system installation is found on macOS or Linux, pre-built static libraries are downloaded automatically from the package's GitHub releases. On Windows the package tries VTK_DIR', then Rtools45 pacman', then common MSYS2 prefixes, accepting both static ('.a') and shared ('.dll.a import libs + DLLs) installations. When shared libraries are used, the VTK DLLs are staged in inst/vtk-dlls/ and an .onLoad hook prepends that directory to PATH via Sys.setenv() when the package is loaded, and restored in .onUnload()'. The pre-built fallback downloads static libraries by default; set VTK_LINK_TYPE=shared before installation to download the DLL build instead. Note that on Windows the modules VTK_IONetCDF', VTK_IOHDF', VTK_GeovisCore', and VTK_RenderingCore are disabled because netcdf and libproj are not available in the Rtools45 static.posix sysroot. Downstream packages can declare Imports: rvtk and obtain the correct compiler and linker flags at install time via rvtk::CppFlags() and rvtk::LdFlagsFile().

This is a package for the analysis of discrete response data using unidimensional and multidimensional item analysis models under the Item Response Theory paradigm (Chalmers (2012) <doi:10.18637/jss.v048.i06>). Exploratory and confirmatory item factor analysis models are estimated with quadrature (EM) or stochastic (MHRM) methods. Confirmatory bi-factor and two-tier models are available for modeling item testlets using dimension reduction EM algorithms, while multiple group analyses and mixed effects designs are included for detecting differential item, bundle, and test functioning, and for modeling item and person covariates. Finally, latent class models such as the DINA, DINO, multidimensional latent class, mixture IRT models, and zero-inflated response models are supported.

tLOH, or transcriptomicsLOH, assesses evidence for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in pre-processed spatial transcriptomics data. This tool requires spatial transcriptomics cluster and allele count information at likely heterozygous single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) positions in VCF format. Bayes factors are calculated at each SNP to determine likelihood of potential loss of heterozygosity event. Two plotting functions are included to visualize allele fraction and aggregated Bayes factor per chromosome. Data generated with the 10X Genomics Visium Spatial Gene Expression platform must be pre-processed to obtain an individual sample VCF with columns for each cluster. Required fields are allele depth (AD) with counts for reference/alternative alleles and read depth (DP).

This package provides a flexible and robust joint test of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) main effect and genotype-by-treatment interaction effect for continuous and binary endpoints. Two analytic procedures, Cauchy weighted joint test (CWOT) and adaptively weighted joint test (AWOT), are proposed to accurately calculate the joint test p-value. The proposed methods are evaluated through extensive simulations under various scenarios. The results show that the proposed AWOT and CWOT control type I error well and outperform existing methods in detecting the most interesting signal patterns in pharmacogenetics (PGx) association studies. For reference, see Hong Zhang, Devan Mehrotra and Judong Shen (2022) <doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.28323.53280>.

The gamma-Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (gamma-OMP) is a recently suggested modification of the OMP feature selection algorithm for a wide range of response variables. The package offers many alternative regression models, such linear, robust, survival, multivariate etc., including k-fold cross-validation. References: Tsagris M., Papadovasilakis Z., Lakiotaki K. and Tsamardinos I. (2018). "Efficient feature selection on gene expression data: Which algorithm to use?" BioRxiv. <doi:10.1101/431734>. Tsagris M., Papadovasilakis Z., Lakiotaki K. and Tsamardinos I. (2022). "The gamma-OMP algorithm for feature selection with application to gene expression data". IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics 19(2): 1214--1224. <doi:10.1109/TCBB.2020.3029952>.

This package provides a multivariate Gaussian mixture model framework to integrate multiple types of genomic data and allow modeling of inter-data-type correlations for association analysis. IMIX can be implemented to test whether a disease is associated with genes in multiple genomic data types, such as DNA methylation, copy number variation, gene expression, etc. It can also study the integration of multiple pathways. IMIX uses the summary statistics of association test outputs and conduct integration analysis for two or three types of genomics data. IMIX features statistically-principled model selection, global FDR control and computational efficiency. Details are described in Ziqiao Wang and Peng Wei (2020) <doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa1001>.

The two-parameter Xgamma and Poisson Xgamma distributions are analyzed, covering standard distribution and regression functions, maximum likelihood estimation, quantile functions, probability density and mass functions, cumulative distribution functions, and random number generation. References include: "Sen, S., Chandra, N. and Maiti, S. S. (2018). On properties and applications of a two-parameter XGamma distribution. Journal of Statistical Theory and Applications, 17(4): 674--685. <doi:10.2991/jsta.2018.17.4.9>." "Wani, M. A., Ahmad, P. B., Para, B. A. and Elah, N. (2023). A new regression model for count data with applications to health care data. International Journal of Data Science and Analytics. <doi:10.1007/s41060-023-00453-1>.".

The Delta-Delta-Ct (ddCt) Algorithm is an approximation method to determine relative gene expression with quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) experiments. Compared to other approaches, it requires no standard curve for each primer-target pair, therefore reducing the working load and yet returning accurate enough results as long as the assumptions of the amplification efficiency hold. The ddCt package implements a pipeline to collect, analyse and visualize qRT-PCR results, for example those from TaqMan SDM software, mainly using the ddCt method. The pipeline can be either invoked by a script in command-line or through the API consisting of S4-Classes, methods and functions.

This package implements Factor Analytic Profile Analysis of Ipsatized Data ('FAPA'), a metric inferential framework for pattern detection and person-level reconstruction in multivariate profile data. After row-centering (ipsatization) to remove profile elevation, FAPA applies singular value decomposition ('SVD') to recover shared core profiles and individual pattern weights. Dimensionality is determined by a variance-matched Horn's parallel analysis. A three-stage bootstrap verification framework assesses (1) dimensionality via parallel analysis, (2) subspace stability via Procrustes principal angles, and (3) profile replicability via Tucker's congruence coefficients. BCa bootstrap confidence intervals for core-profile coordinates are computed via the canonical boot package implementation of Davison and Hinkley (1997) <doi:10.1017/CBO9780511802843>.

Import data of tests and questionnaires from FormScanner. FormScanner is an open source software that converts scanned images to data using optical mark recognition (OMR) and it can be downloaded from <http://sourceforge.net/projects/formscanner/>. The spreadsheet file created by FormScanner is imported in a convenient format to perform the analyses provided by the package. These analyses include the conversion of multiple responses to binary (correct/incorrect) data, the computation of the number of corrected responses for each subject or item, scoring using weights,the computation and the graphical representation of the frequencies of the responses to each item and the report of the responses of a few subjects.

This package performs genomic mediation analysis with adaptive confounding adjustment (GMAC) proposed by Yang et al. (2017) <doi:10.1101/gr.216754.116>. It implements large scale mediation analysis and adaptively selects potential confounding variables to adjust for each mediation test from a pool of candidate confounders. The package is tailored for but not limited to genomic mediation analysis (e.g., cis-gene mediating trans-gene regulation pattern where an eQTL, its cis-linking gene transcript, and its trans-gene transcript play the roles as treatment, mediator and the outcome, respectively), restricting to scenarios with the presence of cis-association (i.e., treatment-mediator association) and random eQTL (i.e., treatment).

Solves kernel ridge regression, within the the mixed model framework, for the linear, polynomial, Gaussian, Laplacian and ANOVA kernels. The model components (i.e. fixed and random effects) and variance parameters are estimated using the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm. All the estimated components and parameters, e.g. BLUP of dual variables and BLUP of random predictor effects for the linear kernel (also known as RR-BLUP), are available. The kernel ridge mixed model (KRMM) is described in Jacquin L, Cao T-V and Ahmadi N (2016) A Unified and Comprehensible View of Parametric and Kernel Methods for Genomic Prediction with Application to Rice. Front. Genet. 7:145. <doi:10.3389/fgene.2016.00145>.

Kernel Fisher Discriminant Analysis (KFDA) is performed using Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA) and Fisher Discriminant Analysis (FDA). There are some similar packages. First, lfda is a package that performs Local Fisher Discriminant Analysis (LFDA) and performs other functions. In particular, lfda seems to be impossible to test because it needs the label information of the data in the function argument. Also, the ks package has a limited dimension, which makes it difficult to analyze properly. This package is a simple and practical package for KFDA based on the paper of Yang, J., Jin, Z., Yang, J. Y., Zhang, D., and Frangi, A. F. (2004) <DOI:10.1016/j.patcog.2003.10.015>.

Maximum likelihood estimation for stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) of production (profit) and cost functions. The package includes the basic stochastic frontier for cross-sectional or pooled data with several distributions for the one-sided error term (i.e., Rayleigh, gamma, Weibull, lognormal, uniform, generalized exponential and truncated skewed Laplace), the latent class stochastic frontier model (LCM) as described in Dakpo et al. (2021) <doi:10.1111/1477-9552.12422>, for cross-sectional and pooled data, and the sample selection model as described in Greene (2010) <doi:10.1007/s11123-009-0159-1>, and applied in Dakpo et al. (2021) <doi:10.1111/agec.12683>. Several possibilities in terms of optimization algorithms are proposed.

This package performs approximate GP regression for large computer experiments and spatial datasets. The approximation is based on finding small local designs for prediction (independently) at particular inputs. OpenMP and SNOW parallelization are supported for prediction over a vast out-of-sample testing set; GPU acceleration is also supported for an important subroutine. OpenMP and GPU features may require special compilation. An interface to lower-level (full) GP inference and prediction is provided. Wrapper routines for blackbox optimization under mixed equality and inequality constraints via an augmented Lagrangian scheme, and for large scale computer model calibration, are also provided. For details and tutorial, see Gramacy (2016 <doi:10.18637/jss.v072.i01>.

Several functions can be used to analyze multiblock multivariable data. If the input is a single matrix, then principal components analysis (PCA) is implemented. If the input is a list of matrices, then multiblock PCA is implemented. If the input is two matrices, for exploratory and objective variables, then partial least squares (PLS) analysis is implemented. If the input is two lists of matrices, for exploratory and objective variables, then multiblock PLS analysis is implemented. Additionally, if an extra outcome variable is specified, then a supervised version of the methods above is implemented. For each method, sparse modeling is also incorporated. Functions for selecting the number of components and regularized parameters are also provided.

An implementation of the feature Selection procedure by Partitioning the entire Solution Paths (namely SPSP) to identify the relevant features rather than using a single tuning parameter. By utilizing the entire solution paths, this procedure can obtain better selection accuracy than the commonly used approach of selecting only one tuning parameter based on existing criteria, cross-validation (CV), generalized CV, AIC, BIC, and extended BIC (Liu, Y., & Wang, P. (2018) <doi:10.1214/18-EJS1434>). It is more stable and accurate (low false positive and false negative rates) than other variable selection approaches. In addition, it can be flexibly coupled with the solution paths of Lasso, adaptive Lasso, ridge regression, and other penalized estimators.

In ecology, spatial data is often represented using polygons. These polygons can represent a variety of spatial entities, such as ecological patches, animal home ranges, or gaps in the forest canopy. Researchers often need to determine if two spatial processes, represented by these polygons, are independent of each other. For instance, they might want to test if the home range of a particular animal species is influenced by the presence of a certain type of vegetation. To address this, Godoy et al. (2022) (<doi:10.1016/j.spasta.2022.100695>) developed conditional Monte Carlo tests. These tests are designed to assess spatial independence while taking into account the shape and size of the polygons.

The POMA package offers a comprehensive toolkit designed for omics data analysis, streamlining the process from initial visualization to final statistical analysis. Its primary goal is to simplify and unify the various steps involved in omics data processing, making it more accessible and manageable within a single, intuitive R package. Emphasizing on reproducibility and user-friendliness, POMA leverages the standardized SummarizedExperiment class from Bioconductor, ensuring seamless integration and compatibility with a wide array of Bioconductor tools. This approach guarantees maximum flexibility and replicability, making POMA an essential asset for researchers handling omics datasets. See https://github.com/pcastellanoescuder/POMAShiny. Paper: Castellano-Escuder et al. (2021) <doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009148> for more details.