Read in and analyze functions for education survey and assessment data from the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) <https://nces.ed.gov/>, including National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) data <https://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/> and data from the International Assessment Database: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) <https://www.oecd.org/>, including Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS), Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC), and International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) <https://www.iea.nl/>, including Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), TIMSS Advanced, Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS), International Civic and Citizenship Study (ICCS), International Computer and Information Literacy Study (ICILS), and Civic Education Study (CivEd).

Analyse light spectra for visual and non-visual (often called melanopic) needs, wrapped up in a Shiny App. Spectran allows for the import of spectra in various CSV forms but also provides a wide range of example spectra and even the creation of own spectral power distributions. The goal of the app is to provide easy access and a visual overview of the spectral calculations underlying common parameters used in the field. It is thus ideal for educational purposes or the creation of presentation ready graphs in lighting research and application. Spectran uses equations and action spectra described in CIE S026 (2018) <doi:10.25039/S026.2018>, DIN/TS 5031-100 (2021) <doi:10.31030/3287213>, and ISO/CIE 23539 (2023) <doi:10.25039/IS0.CIE.23539.2023>.

Render R Markdown to Markdown (without using knitr), and Markdown to lightweight HTML or LaTeX documents with the commonmark package (instead of Pandoc). Some missing Markdown features in commonmark are also supported, such as raw HTML or LaTeX blocks, LaTeX math, superscripts, subscripts, footnotes, element attributes, and appendices, but not all Pandoc Markdown features are (or will be) supported. With additional JavaScript and CSS, you can also create HTML slides and articles. This package can be viewed as a trimmed-down version of R Markdown and knitr. It does not aim at rich Markdown features or a large variety of output formats (the primary formats are HTML and LaTeX). Book and website projects of multiple input documents are also supported.

An approach and software for modelling marine and freshwater ecosystems. It is articulated entirely around trophic levels. EcoTroph's key displays are bivariate plots, with trophic levels as the abscissa, and biomass flows or related quantities as ordinates. Thus, trophic ecosystem functioning can be modelled as a continuous flow of biomass surging up the food web, from lower to higher trophic levels, due to predation and ontogenic processes. Such an approach, wherein species as such disappear, may be viewed as the ultimate stage in the use of the trophic level metric for ecosystem modelling, providing a simplified but potentially useful caricature of ecosystem functioning and impacts of fishing. This version contains catch trophic spectrum analysis (CTSA) function and corrected versions of the mf.diagnosis and create.ETmain functions.

Two implementations of canonical correlation analysis (CCA) that are based on iterated regression. By choosing the appropriate regression algorithm for each data domain, it is possible to enforce sparsity, non-negativity or other kinds of constraints on the projection vectors. Multiple canonical variables are computed sequentially using a generalized deflation scheme, where the additional correlation not explained by previous variables is maximized. nscancor() is used to analyze paired data from two domains, and has the same interface as cancor() from the stats package (plus some extra parameters). mcancor() is appropriate for analyzing data from three or more domains. See <https://sigg-iten.ch/learningbits/2014/01/20/canonical-correlation-analysis-under-constraints/> and Sigg et al. (2007) <doi:10.1109/MLSP.2007.4414315> for more details.

Practitioners of Bayesian statistics often use Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) samplers to sample from a posterior distribution. This package determines whether the MCMC sample is large enough to yield reliable estimates of the target distribution. In particular, this calculates a Gelman-Rubin convergence diagnostic using stable and consistent estimators of Monte Carlo variance. Additionally, this uses the connection between an MCMC sample's effective sample size and the Gelman-Rubin diagnostic to produce a threshold for terminating MCMC simulation. Finally, this informs the user whether enough samples have been collected and (if necessary) estimates the number of samples needed for a desired level of accuracy. The theory underlying these methods can be found in "Revisiting the Gelman-Rubin Diagnostic" by Vats and Knudson (2018) <arXiv:1812:09384>.

This package provides a unifying framework for managing and deploying shiny applications that consist of modules, where an "app" is a tab-based workflow that guides a user step-by-step through an analysis. The shinymgr app builder "stitches" shiny modules together so that outputs from one module serve as inputs to the next, creating an analysis pipeline that is easy to implement and maintain. Users of shinymgr apps can save analyses as an RDS file that fully reproduces the analytic steps and can be ingested into an R Markdown report for rapid reporting. In short, developers use the shinymgr framework to write modules and seamlessly combine them into shiny apps, and users of these apps can execute reproducible analyses that can be incorporated into reports for rapid dissemination.

High performance variant of apply() for a fixed set of functions. Considerable speedup of this implementation is a trade-off for universality: user defined functions cannot be used with this package. However, about 20 most currently employed functions are available for usage. They can be divided in three types: reducing functions (like mean(), sum() etc., giving a scalar when applied to a vector), mapping function (like normalise(), cumsum() etc., giving a vector of the same length as the input vector) and finally, vector reducing function (like diff() which produces result vector of a length different from the length of input vector). Optional or mandatory additional arguments required by some functions (e.g. norm type for norm()) can be passed as named arguments in ...'.

Propagate uncertainty from several estimates when combining these estimates via a function. This is done by using the parametric bootstrap to simulate values from the distribution of each estimate to build up an empirical distribution of the combined parameter. Finally either the percentile method is used or the highest density interval is chosen to derive a confidence interval for the combined parameter with the desired coverage. Gaussian copulas are used for when parameters are assumed to be dependent / correlated. References: Davison and Hinkley (1997,ISBN:0-521-57471-4) for the parametric bootstrap and percentile method, Gelman et al. (2014,ISBN:978-1-4398-4095-5) for the highest density interval, Stockdale et al. (2020)<doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2020.04.008> for an example of combining conditional prevalences.

Estimation of gas transport properties (viscosity, diffusion, thermal conductivity) using Chapman-Enskok theory (Chapman and Larmor 1918, <doi:10.1098/rsta.1918.0005>) and of the second virial coefficient (Vargas et al. 2001, <doi:10.1016/s0378-4371(00)00362-9>) using the Lennard-Jones (12-6) potential. Up to the third order correction is taken into account for viscosity and thermal conductivity. It is also possible to calculate the binary diffusion coefficients of polar and non-polar gases in non-polar bath gases (Brown et al. 2011, <doi:10.1016/j.pecs.2010.12.001>). 16 collision integrals are calculated with four digit accuracy over the reduced temperature range [0.3, 400] using an interpolation function of Kim and Monroe (2014, <doi:10.1016/j.jcp.2014.05.018>).

This package provides functions to upload vectorial data and derive landscape connectivity metrics in habitat or matrix systems. Additionally, includes an approach to assess individual patch contribution to the overall landscape connectivity, enabling the prioritization of habitat patches. The computation of landscape connectivity and patch importance are very useful in Landscape Ecology research. The metrics available are: number of components, number of links, size of the largest component, mean size of components, class coincidence probability, landscape coincidence probability, characteristic path length, expected cluster size, area-weighted flux and integral index of connectivity. Pascual-Hortal, L., and Saura, S. (2006) <doi:10.1007/s10980-006-0013-z> Urban, D., and Keitt, T. (2001) <doi:10.2307/2679983> Laita, A., Kotiaho, J., Monkkonen, M. (2011) <doi:10.1007/s10980-011-9620-4>.

Computes indirect effects, conditional effects, and conditional indirect effects in a structural equation model or path model after model fitting, with no need to define any user parameters or label any paths in the model syntax, using the approach presented in Cheung and Cheung (2024) <doi:10.3758/s13428-023-02224-z>. Can also form bootstrap confidence intervals by doing bootstrapping only once and reusing the bootstrap estimates in all subsequent computations. Supports bootstrap confidence intervals for standardized (partially or completely) indirect effects, conditional effects, and conditional indirect effects as described in Cheung (2009) <doi:10.3758/BRM.41.2.425> and Cheung, Cheung, Lau, Hui, and Vong (2022) <doi:10.1037/hea0001188>. Model fitting can be done by structural equation modeling using lavaan() or regression using lm().

There are two main functions: (1) To estimate the power of testing for linkage using an affected sib pair design, as a function of the recurrence risk ratios. We will use analytical power formulae as implemented in R. These are based on a Mathematica notebook created by Martin Farrall. (2) To examine how the power of the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) depends on the disease allele frequency, the marker allele frequency, the strength of the linkage disequilibrium, and the magnitude of the genetic effect. We will use an R program that implements the power formulae of Abel and Muller-Myhsok (1998). These formulae allow one to quickly compute power of the TDT approach under a variety of different conditions. This R program was modeled on Martin Farrall's Mathematica notebook.

The first goal of this package is to provide a multitude of tree models, i.e., functions that generate rooted binary trees with a given number of leaves. Second, the package allows for an easy evaluation and comparison of tree shape statistics by estimating their power to differentiate between different tree models. Please note that this R package was developed alongside the manuscript "Tree balance in phylogenetic models" by S. J. Kersting, K. Wicke, and M. Fischer (2024) <doi:10.48550/arXiv.2406.05185>, which provides further background and the respective mathematical definitions. This project was supported by the project ArtIGROW, which is a part of the WIR!-Alliance ArtIFARM â Artificial Intelligence in Farming funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (No. 03WIR4805).

Implementation of statistical methods for the estimation of toroidal diffusions. Several diffusive models are provided, most of them belonging to the Langevin family of diffusions on the torus. Specifically, the wrapped normal and von Mises processes are included, which can be seen as toroidal analogues of the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck diffusion. A collection of methods for approximate maximum likelihood estimation, organized in four blocks, is given: (i) based on the exact transition probability density, obtained as the numerical solution to the Fokker-Plank equation; (ii) based on wrapped pseudo-likelihoods; (iii) based on specific analytic approximations by wrapped processes; (iv) based on maximum likelihood of the stationary densities. The package allows the replicability of the results in Garcà a-Portugués et al. (2019) <doi:10.1007/s11222-017-9790-2>.

Under a different representation of the multivariate normal (MVN) probability, we can use the Vecchia approximation to sample the integrand at a linear complexity with respect to n. Additionally, both the SOV algorithm from Genz (92) and the exponential-tilting method from Botev (2017) can be adapted to linear complexity. The reference for the method implemented in this package is Jian Cao and Matthias Katzfuss (2024) "Linear-Cost Vecchia Approximation of Multivariate Normal Probabilities" <doi:10.48550/arXiv.2311.09426>. Two major references for the development of our method are Alan Genz (1992) "Numerical Computation of Multivariate Normal Probabilities" <doi:10.1080/10618600.1992.10477010> and Z. I. Botev (2017) "The Normal Law Under Linear Restrictions: Simulation and Estimation via Minimax Tilting" <doi:10.48550/arXiv.1603.04166>.

This package implements the algorithm described in Jun Li and Alicia T. Lamere, "DiPhiSeq: Robust comparison of expression levels on RNA-Seq data with large sample sizes" (Unpublished). Detects not only genes that show different average expressions ("differential expression", DE), but also genes that show different diversities of expressions in different groups ("differentially dispersed", DD). DD genes can be important clinical markers. DiPhiSeq uses a redescending penalty on the quasi-likelihood function, and thus has superior robustness against outliers and other noise. Updates from version 0.1.0: (1) Added the option of using adaptive initial value for phi. (2) Added a function for estimating the proportion of outliers in the data. (3) Modified the input parameter names for clarity, and modified the output format for the main function.

Include assessing site classes based on the stand height growth and establishing a nonlinear mixed-effect biomass model under different site classes based on the whole stand model to achieve more accurate estimation of carbon sequestration. In particular, a carbon sequestration potential productivity calculation method based on the potential mean annual increment is proposed. This package is applicable to both natural forests and plantations. It can quantitatively assess standâ s potential productivity, realized productivity, and possible improvement under certain site, and can be used in many aspects such as site quality assessment, tree species suitability evaluation, and forest degradation evaluation. Reference: Lei X, Fu L, Li H, et al (2018) <doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20181213>. Fu L, Sharma R P, Zhu G, et al (2017) <doi:10.3390/f8040119>.

Caches and then connects to a sqlite database containing half a million pediatric drug safety signals. The database is part of a family of resources catalogued at <https://nsides.io>. The database contains 17 tables where the description table provides a map between the fields the field's details. The database was created by Nicholas Giangreco during his PhD thesis which you can read in Giangreco (2022) <doi:10.7916/d8-5d9b-6738>. The observations are from the Food and Drug Administration's Adverse Event Reporting System. Generalized additive models estimated drug effects across child development stages for the occurrence of an adverse event when exposed to a drug compared to other drugs. Read more at the methods detailed in Giangreco (2022) <doi:10.1016/j.medj.2022.06.001>.

There are numerous places to create and download color palettes. These are usually shared in Adobe swatch file formats of some kind. There is also often the need to use standard palettes developed within an organization to ensure that aesthetics are carried over into all projects and output. Now there is a way to read these swatch files in R and avoid transcribing or converting color values by hand or or with other programs. This package provides functions to read and inspect Adobe Color ('ACO'), Adobe Swatch Exchange ('ASE'), GIMP Palette ('GPL'), OpenOffice palette ('SOC') files and KDE Palette ('colors') files. Detailed descriptions of Adobe Color and Swatch Exchange file formats as well as other swatch file formats can be found at <http://www.selapa.net/swatches/colors/fileformats.php>.

colorout is an R package that colorizes R output when running in terminal emulator.

R STDOUT is parsed and numbers, negative numbers, dates in the standard format, strings, and R constants are identified and wrapped by special ANSI scape codes that are interpreted by terminal emulators as commands to colorize the output. R STDERR is also parsed to identify the expressions warning and error and their translations to many languages. If these expressions are found, the output is colorized accordingly; otherwise, it is colorized as STDERROR (blue, by default).

You can customize the colors according to your taste, guided by the color table made by the command show256Colors(). You can also set the colors to any arbitrary string. In this case, it is up to you to set valid values.

Provide users with a framework to learn the intricacies of the Hamiltonian Monte Carlo algorithm with hands-on experience by tuning and fitting their own models. All of the code is written in R. Theoretical references are listed below:. Neal, Radford (2011) "Handbook of Markov Chain Monte Carlo" ISBN: 978-1420079418, Betancourt, Michael (2017) "A Conceptual Introduction to Hamiltonian Monte Carlo" <arXiv:1701.02434>, Thomas, S., Tu, W. (2020) "Learning Hamiltonian Monte Carlo in R" <arXiv:2006.16194>, Gelman, A., Carlin, J. B., Stern, H. S., Dunson, D. B., Vehtari, A., & Rubin, D. B. (2013) "Bayesian Data Analysis" ISBN: 978-1439840955, Agresti, Alan (2015) "Foundations of Linear and Generalized Linear Models ISBN: 978-1118730034, Pinheiro, J., Bates, D. (2006) "Mixed-effects Models in S and S-Plus" ISBN: 978-1441903174.

Efficient procedures for fitting conditional graphical lasso models that link a set of predictor variables to a set of response variables (or tasks), even when the response data may contain missing values. missoNet simultaneously estimates the predictor coefficients for all tasks by leveraging information from one another, in order to provide more accurate predictions in comparison to modeling them individually. Additionally, missoNet estimates the response network structure influenced by conditioning predictor variables using a L1-regularized conditional Gaussian graphical model. Unlike most penalized multi-task regression methods (e.g., MRCE), missoNet is capable of obtaining estimates even when the response data is corrupted by missing values. The method automatically enjoys the theoretical and computational benefits of convexity, and returns solutions that are comparable to the estimates obtained without missingness.

Provide a suite of functions for conducting and automating Latent Growth Modeling (LGM) in Mplus', including Growth Curve Model (GCM), Growth-Based Trajectory Model (GBTM) and Latent Class Growth Analysis (LCGA). The package builds upon the capabilities of the MplusAutomation package (Hallquist & Wiley, 2018) to streamline large-scale latent variable analyses. âMplusAutomation: An R Package for Facilitating Large-Scale Latent Variable Analyses in Mplus.â Structural Equation Modeling, 25(4), 621â 638. <doi:10.1080/10705511.2017.1402334> The workflow implemented in this package follows the recommendations outlined in Van Der Nest et al. (2020). â An Overview of Mixture Modeling for Latent Evolutions in Longitudinal Data: Modeling Approaches, Fit Statistics, and Software.â Advances in Life Course Research, 43, Article 100323. <doi:10.1016/j.alcr.2019.100323>.