Estimators for two functionals used to detect Gamma, Pareto or Lognormal distributions, as well as distributions exhibiting similar tail behavior, as introduced by Iwashita and Klar (2023) <doi:10.1111/stan.12316> and Klar (2024) <doi:10.1080/00031305.2024.2413081>. One of these functionals, g, originally proposed by Asmussen and Lehtomaa (2017) <doi:10.3390/risks5010010>, distinguishes between log-convex and log-concave tail behavior. Furthermore the characterization of the lognormal distribution is based on the work of Mosimann (1970) <doi:10.2307/2284599>. The package also includes methods for visualizing these estimators and their associated confidence intervals across various threshold values.

Generate constrained Delaunay triangulation meshes for use with stochastic partial differential equation (SPDE) spatial models (Lindgren, Rue and Lindstroem 2011 <doi:10.1111/j.1467-9868.2011.00777.x>). Provides automatic mesh generation from point coordinates with boundary constraints, Ruppert refinement for mesh quality, finite element method (FEM) matrix assembly (mass, stiffness, projection), barrier models, spherical meshes via icosahedral subdivision, and metric graph meshes for network geometries. Built on the CDT header-only C++ library (Amirkhanov 2024 <https://github.com/artem-ogre/CDT>). Designed as the mesh backend for the tulpa Bayesian hierarchical modelling engine but usable standalone for any spatial triangulation task.

This framework provides versatile algorithms to efficiently infer confidence intervals for extreme value statistics, such as extreme quantiles and return levels, that are representative of the asymmetric uncertainty spread, using extreme value theory extrapolation and the profile likelihood (see e.g., Coles (2001) <doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-3675-0>). Unlike existing algorithms, the CI endpoints are found without the need for a strict prespecified range, can be covariate-dependent, and can be based on weighted samples. This package is motivated by Zeder et al. (2023) <doi:10.1029/2023GL104090> and by Pasche et al. (2026) <doi:10.1007/s10687-026-00536-9>.

The HURRECON model estimates wind speed, wind direction, enhanced Fujita scale wind damage, and duration of EF0 to EF5 winds as a function of hurricane location and maximum sustained wind speed. Results may be generated for a single site or an entire region. Hurricane track and intensity data may be imported directly from the US National Hurricane Center's HURDAT2 database. For details on the original version of the model written in Borland Pascal, see: Boose, Chamberlin, and Foster (2001) <doi:10.1890/0012-9615(2001)071[0027:LARIOH]2.0.CO;2> and Boose, Serrano, and Foster (2004) <doi:10.1890/02-4057>.

Different algorithms to perform approximate joint diagonalization of a finite set of square matrices. Depending on the algorithm, orthogonal or non-orthogonal diagonalizer is found. These algorithms are particularly useful in the context of blind source separation. Original publications of the algorithms can be found in Ziehe et al. (2004), Pham and Cardoso (2001) <doi:10.1109/78.942614>, Souloumiac (2009) <doi:10.1109/TSP.2009.2016997>, Vollgraff and Obermayer <doi:10.1109/TSP.2006.877673>. An example of application in the context of Brain-Computer Interfaces EEG denoising can be found in Gouy-Pailler et al (2010) <doi:10.1109/TBME.2009.2032162>.

The primary purpose of lavaan.mi is to extend the functionality of the R package lavaan', which implements structural equation modeling (SEM). When incomplete data have been multiply imputed, the imputed data sets can be analyzed by lavaan using complete-data estimation methods, but results must be pooled across imputations (Rubin, 1987, <doi:10.1002/9780470316696>). The lavaan.mi package automates the pooling of point and standard-error estimates, as well as a variety of test statistics, using a familiar interface that allows users to fit an SEM to multiple imputations as they would to a single data set using the lavaan package.

Identification of ring borders on scanned image sections from dendrochronological samples. Processing of image reflectances to produce gray matrices and time series of smoothed gray values. Luminance data is plotted on segmented images for users to perform both: visual identification of ring borders or control of automatic detection. Routines to visually include/exclude ring borders on the R graphical devices, or automatically detect ring borders using a linear detection algorithm. This algorithm detects ring borders according to positive/negative extreme values in the smoothed time-series of gray values. Most of the in-package routines can be recursively implemented using the multiDetect() function.

The Prognostic Regression Offsets with Propagation of ERrors (for Treatment Effect Estimation) package facilitates direct adjustment for experiments and observational studies that is compatible with a range of study designs and covariance adjustment strategies. It uses explicit specification of clusters, blocks and treatment allocations to furnish probability of assignment-based weights targeting any of several average treatment effect parameters, and for standard error calculations reflecting these design parameters. For covariance adjustment of its Hajek and (one-way) fixed effects estimates, it enables offsetting the outcome against predictions from a dedicated covariance model, with standard error calculations propagating error as appropriate from the covariance model.

The cartogram heatmaps generated by the included methods are an alternative to choropleth maps for the United States and are based on work by the Washington Post graphics department in their report on "The states most threatened by trade" (<http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/special/business/states-most-threatened-by-trade/>). "State bins" preserve as much of the geographic placement of the states as possible but have the look and feel of a traditional heatmap. Functions are provided that allow for use of a binned, discrete scale, a continuous scale or manually specified colors depending on what is needed for the underlying data.

This package provides functions to filter GPS/Argos locations, as well as assessing the sample size for the analysis of animal distributions. The filters remove temporal and spatial duplicates, fixes located at a given height from estimated high tide line, and locations with high error as described in Shimada et al. (2012) <doi:10.3354/meps09747> and Shimada et al. (2016) <doi:10.1007/s00227-015-2771-0>. Sample size for the analysis of animal distributions can be assessed by the conventional area-based approach or the alternative probability-based approach as described in Shimada et al. (2021) <doi:10.1111/2041-210X.13506>.

HiCBricks is a library designed for handling large high-resolution Hi-C datasets. Over the years, the Hi-C field has experienced a rapid increase in the size and complexity of datasets. HiCBricks is meant to overcome the challenges related to the analysis of such large datasets within the R environment. HiCBricks offers user-friendly and efficient solutions for handling large high-resolution Hi-C datasets. The package provides an R/Bioconductor framework with the bricks to build more complex data analysis pipelines and algorithms. HiCBricks already incorporates example algorithms for calling domain boundaries and functions for high quality data visualization.

Designed to simplify and streamline the process of reading and processing large volumes of data in R, this package offers a collection of functions tailored for bulk data operations. It enables users to efficiently read multiple sheets from Microsoft Excel and Google Sheets workbooks, as well as various CSV files from a directory. The data is returned as organized data frames, facilitating further analysis and manipulation. Ideal for handling extensive data sets or batch processing tasks, bulkreadr empowers users to manage data in bulk effortlessly, saving time and effort in data preparation workflows. Additionally, the package seamlessly works with labelled data from SPSS and Stata.

Download, cache, and analyze annual microdata from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) <https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/>. Each requested survey year is downloaded once as a compact file hosted on public releases, verified against a published checksum, and cached locally; queries then run through DuckDB (via the duckdb package), so column selection and repeat analyses never re-transfer data. Survey-design helpers construct srvyr design objects with year-appropriate weights, strata, and primary sampling units, including explicit handling of the 2011 weighting methodology change and of the codes CDC uses for missing-type answers.

This package performs likelihood-based extreme value inferences with adjustment for the presence of missing values based on Simpson and Northrop (2026) <doi:10.1002/env.70075>. A Generalised Extreme Value distribution is fitted to block maxima using maximum likelihood estimation, with the location and scale parameters reflecting the numbers of non-missing raw values in each block. A Bayesian version is also provided. For the purposes of comparison, there are options to make no adjustment for missing values or to discard any block maximum for which greater than a percentage of the underlying raw values are missing. Example datasets containing missing values are provided.

This package provides functions to apply spatial fuzzy unsupervised classification, visualize and interpret results. This method is well suited when the user wants to analyze data with a fuzzy clustering algorithm and to account for the spatial dimension of the dataset. In addition, indexes for estimating the spatial consistency and classification quality are proposed. The methods were originally proposed in the field of brain imagery (seed Cai and al. 2007 <doi:10.1016/j.patcog.2006.07.011> and Zaho and al. 2013 <doi:10.1016/j.dsp.2012.09.016>) and recently applied in geography (see Gelb and Apparicio <doi:10.4000/cybergeo.36414>).

This package provides functions to estimate the intrinsic dimension of a dataset via likelihood-based approaches. Specifically, the package implements the TWO-NN and Gride estimators and the Hidalgo Bayesian mixture model. In addition, the first reference contains an extended vignette on the usage of the TWO-NN and Hidalgo models. References: Denti (2023, <doi:10.18637/jss.v106.i09>); Allegra et al. (2020, <doi:10.1038/s41598-020-72222-0>); Denti et al. (2022, <doi:10.1038/s41598-022-20991-1>); Facco et al. (2017, <doi:10.1038/s41598-017-11873-y>); Santos-Fernandez et al. (2021, <doi:10.1038/s41598-022-20991-1>).

This package provides modular, graph-based agents powered by large language models (LLMs) for intelligent task execution in R. Supports structured workflows for tasks such as forecasting, data visualization, feature engineering, data wrangling, data cleaning, SQL', code generation, weather reporting, and research-driven question answering. Each agent performs iterative reasoning: recommending steps, generating R code, executing, debugging, and explaining results. Includes built-in support for packages such as tidymodels', modeltime', plotly', ggplot2', and prophet'. Designed for analysts, developers, and teams building intelligent, reproducible AI workflows in R. Compatible with LLM providers such as OpenAI', Anthropic', Groq', and Ollama'. Inspired by the Python package langagent'.

Use probability theory under the Bayesian framework for calculating the risk of selecting candidates in a multi-environment context. Contained are functions used to fit a Bayesian multi-environment model (based on the available presets), extract posterior values and maximum posterior values, compute the variance components, check the modelâ s convergence, and calculate the probabilities. For both across and within-environments scopes, the package computes the probability of superior performance and the pairwise probability of superior performance. Furthermore, the probability of superior stability and the pairwise probability of superior stability across environments is estimated. A joint probability of superior performance and stability is also provided.

Compositional data consisting of three-parts can be color mapped with a ternary color scale. Such a scale is provided by the tricolore packages with options for discrete and continuous colors, mean-centering and scaling. See Jonas Schöley (2021) "The centered ternary balance scheme. A technique to visualize surfaces of unbalanced three-part compositions" <doi:10.4054/DemRes.2021.44.19>, Jonas Schöley, Frans Willekens (2017) "Visualizing compositional data on the Lexis surface" <doi:10.4054/DemRes.2017.36.21>, and Ilya Kashnitsky, Jonas Schöley (2018) "Regional population structures at a glance" <doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31194-2>.

This package implements the whitening methods (ZCA, PCA, Cholesky, ZCA-cor, and PCA-cor) discussed in Kessy, Lewin, and Strimmer (2018) "Optimal whitening and decorrelation", <doi:10.1080/00031305.2016.1277159>, as well as the whitening approach to canonical correlation analysis allowing negative canonical correlations described in Jendoubi and Strimmer (2019) "A whitening approach to probabilistic canonical correlation analysis for omics data integration", <doi:10.1186/s12859-018-2572-9>. The package also offers functions to simulate random orthogonal matrices, compute (correlation) loadings and explained variation. It also contains four example data sets (extended UCI wine data, TCGA LUSC data, nutrimouse data, extended pitprops data).

Calculates key indicators such as fertility rates (Total Fertility Rate (TFR), General Fertility Rate (GFR), and Age Specific Fertility Rate (ASFR)) using Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) women/individual data, childhood mortality probabilities and rates such as Neonatal Mortality Rate (NNMR), Post-neonatal Mortality Rate (PNNMR), Infant Mortality Rate (IMR), Child Mortality Rate (CMR), and Under-five Mortality Rate (U5MR), and adult mortality indicators such as the Age Specific Mortality Rate (ASMR), Age Adjusted Mortality Rate (AAMR), Age Specific Maternal Mortality Rate (ASMMR), Age Adjusted Maternal Mortality Rate (AAMMR), Age Specific Pregnancy Related Mortality Rate (ASPRMR), Age Adjusted Pregnancy Related Mortality Rate (AAPRMR), Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) and Pregnancy Related Mortality Ratio (PRMR). In addition to the indicators, the DHS.rates package estimates sampling errors indicators such as Standard Error (SE), Design Effect (DEFT), Relative Standard Error (RSE) and Confidence Interval (CI). The package is developed according to the DHS methodology of calculating the fertility indicators and the childhood mortality rates outlined in the "Guide to DHS Statistics" (Croft, Trevor N., Aileen M. J. Marshall, Courtney K. Allen, et al. 2018, <https://dhsprogram.com/Data/Guide-to-DHS-Statistics/index.cfm>) and the DHS methodology of estimating the sampling errors indicators outlined in the "DHS Sampling and Household Listing Manual" (ICF International 2012, <https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/DHSM4/DHS6_Sampling_Manual_Sept2012_DHSM4.pdf>).

CIGAR stands for Concise Idiosyncratic Gapped Alignment Report. CIGAR strings are found in the BAM files produced by most aligners and in the AIRR-formatted output produced by IgBLAST. The cigarillo package provides functions to parse and inspect CIGAR strings, trim them, turn them into ranges of positions relative to the "query space" or "reference space", and project positions or sequences from one space to the other. Note that these operations are low-level operations that the user rarely needs to perform directly. More typically, they are performed behind the scene by higher-level functionality implemented in other packages like Bioconductor packages GenomicAlignments and igblastr.

From the perspective of metabolites as the continuation of the central dogma of biology, metabolomics provides the closest link to many phenotypes of interest. This makes metabolomics research promising in teasing apart the complexities of living systems. However, due to experimental reasons, the data includes non-biological variation which limits quality and reproducibility, especially if the data is obtained from several batches. The batchCorr package reduces unwanted variation by way of between-batch alignment, within-batch drift correction and between-batch normalization using batch-specific quality control samples and long-term reference QC samples. Please see the associated article for more thorough descriptions of algorithms.

This package provides functions in this package fit a stratified Cox proportional hazards and a proportional subdistribution hazards model by extending Zhang et al., (2007) <doi: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2007.07.010> and Zhang et al., (2011) <doi: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2010.07.005> respectively to clustered right-censored data. The functions also provide the estimates of the cumulative baseline hazard along with their standard errors. Furthermore, the adjusted survival and cumulative incidence probabilities are also provided along with their standard errors. Finally, the estimate of cumulative incidence and survival probabilities given a vector of covariates along with their standard errors are also provided.