Get z-scores, percentiles, absolute values, and percent of predicted of a reference cohort. Functionality requires installing the data packages adiposerefdata and musclerefdata'. For more information on the underlying research, please visit our website which also includes a graphical interface. The models and underlying data are described in Marquardt JP et al.(planned publication 2025; reserved doi 10.1097/RLI.0000000000001104), "Subcutaneous and Visceral adipose tissue Reference Values from Framingham Heart Study Thoracic and Abdominal CT", *Investigative Radiology* and Tonnesen PE et al. (2023), "Muscle Reference Values from Thoracic and Abdominal CT for Sarcopenia Assessment [column] The Framingham Heart Study", *Investigative Radiology*, <doi:10.1097/RLI.0000000000001012>.

This package provides several functions to simplify using the glmnet package: converting data frames into matrices ready for glmnet'; b) imputing missing variables multiple times; c) fitting and applying prediction models straightforwardly; d) assigning observations to folds in a balanced way; e) cross-validate the models; f) selecting the most representative model across imputations and folds; and g) getting the relevance of the model regressors; as described in several publications: Solanes et al. (2022) <doi:10.1038/s41537-022-00309-w>, Palau et al. (2023) <doi:10.1016/j.rpsm.2023.01.001>, Salazar de Pablo et al. (2025) <doi:10.1038/s41380-025-03244-1>.

Efficiently implements the Graphical Lasso algorithm, utilizing the Armadillo C++ library for rapid computation. This algorithm introduces an L1 penalty to derive sparse inverse covariance matrices from observations of multivariate normal distributions. Features include the generation of random and structured sparse covariance matrices, beneficial for simulations, statistical method testing, and educational purposes in graphical modeling. A unique function for regularization parameter selection based on predefined sparsity levels is also offered, catering to users with specific sparsity requirements in their models. The methodology for sparse inverse covariance estimation implemented in this package is based on the work of Friedman, Hastie, and Tibshirani (2008) <doi:10.1093/biostatistics/kxm045>.

Automate the explanatory analysis of machine learning predictive models. Generate advanced interactive model explanations in the form of a serverless HTML site with only one line of code. This tool is model-agnostic, therefore compatible with most of the black-box predictive models and frameworks. The main function computes various (instance and model-level) explanations and produces a customisable dashboard, which consists of multiple panels for plots with their short descriptions. It is possible to easily save the dashboard and share it with others. modelStudio facilitates the process of Interactive Explanatory Model Analysis introduced in Baniecki et al. (2023) <doi:10.1007/s10618-023-00924-w>.

Calculates the probabilities of k successes given n trials of a binomial random variable with non-negative correlation across trials. The function takes as inputs the scalar values the level of correlation or association between trials, the success probability, the number of trials, an optional input specifying the number of bits of precision used in the calculation, and an optional input specifying whether the calculation approach to be used is from Witt (2014) <doi:10.1080/03610926.2012.725148> or from Kuk (2004) <doi:10.1046/j.1467-9876.2003.05369.x>. The output is a (trials+1)-dimensional vector containing the likelihoods of 0, 1, ..., trials successes.

This package provides a comprehensive framework for batch effect diagnostics, harmonization, and post-harmonization downstream analysis. Features include interactive visualization tools, robust statistical tests, and a range of harmonization techniques. Additionally, ComBatFamQC enables the creation of life-span age trend plots with estimated age-adjusted centiles and facilitates the generation of covariate-corrected residuals for analytical purposes. Methods for harmonization are based on approaches described in Johnson et al., (2007) <doi:10.1093/biostatistics/kxj037>, Beer et al., (2020) <doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117129>, Pomponio et al., (2020) <doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116450>, and Chen et al., (2021) <doi:10.1002/hbm.25688>.

The stepwise variable selection procedure (with iterations between the forward and backward steps) can be used to obtain the best candidate final regression model in regression analysis. All the relevant covariates are put on the variable list to be selected. The significance levels for entry (SLE) and for stay (SLS) are usually set to 0.15 (or larger) for being conservative. Then, with the aid of substantive knowledge, the best candidate final regression model is identified manually by dropping the covariates with p value > 0.05 one at a time until all regression coefficients are significantly different from 0 at the chosen alpha level of 0.05.

This package simulates regulations of ceRNA (Competing Endogenous) expression levels after a expression level change in one or more miRNA/mRNAs. The methodolgy adopted by the package has potential to incorparate any ceRNA (circRNA, lincRNA, etc.) into miRNA:target interaction network. The package basically distributes miRNA expression over available ceRNAs where each ceRNA attracks miRNAs proportional to its amount. But, the package can utilize multiple parameters that modify miRNA effect on its target (seed type, binding energy, binding location, etc.). The functions handle the given dataset as graph object and the processes progress via edge and node variables.

Implementations of the multiple testing procedures for discrete tests described in the paper Döhler, Durand and Roquain (2018) "New FDR bounds for discrete and heterogeneous tests" <doi:10.1214/18-EJS1441>. The main procedures of the paper (HSU and HSD), their adaptive counterparts (AHSU and AHSD), and the HBR variant are available and are coded to take as input the results of a test procedure from package DiscreteTests', or a set of observed p-values and their discrete support under their nulls. A shortcut function to obtain such p-values and supports is also provided, along with a wrapper allowing to apply discrete procedures directly to data.

This package implements the Ebrahim-Farrington goodness-of-fit test for logistic regression models, particularly effective for sparse data and binary outcomes. This test provides an improved alternative to the traditional Hosmer-Lemeshow test by using a modified Pearson chi-square statistic with data-dependent grouping. The test is based on Farrington (1996) theoretical framework but simplified for practical implementation with binary data. Includes functions for both the original Farrington test (for grouped data) and the new Ebrahim-Farrington test (for binary data with automatic grouping). For more details see Hosmer (1980) <doi:10.1080/03610928008827941> and Farrington (1996) <doi:10.1111/j.2517-6161.1996.tb02086.x>.

It provides functions to generate a correlation matrix from a genetic dataset and to use this matrix to predict the phenotype of an individual by using the phenotypes of the remaining individuals through kriging. Kriging is a geostatistical method for optimal prediction or best unbiased linear prediction. It consists of predicting the value of a variable at an unobserved location as a weighted sum of the variable at observed locations. Intuitively, it works as a reverse linear regression: instead of computing correlation (univariate regression coefficients are simply scaled correlation) between a dependent variable Y and independent variables X, it uses known correlation between X and Y to predict Y.

It estimates the parameters of a partially linear regression censored model via maximum penalized likelihood through of ECME algorithm. The model belong to the semiparametric class, that including a parametric and nonparametric component. The error term considered belongs to the scale-mixture of normal (SMN) distribution, that includes well-known heavy tails distributions as the Student-t distribution, among others. To examine the performance of the fitted model, case-deletion and local influence techniques are provided to show its robust aspect against outlying and influential observations. This work is based in Ferreira, C. S., & Paula, G. A. (2017) <doi:10.1080/02664763.2016.1267124> but considering the SMN family.

Fit and simulate bivariate correlated frailty models with proportional hazard structure. Frailty distributions, such as gamma and lognormal models are supported semiparametric procedures. Frailty variances of the two subjects can be varied or equal. Details on the models are available in book of Wienke (2011,ISBN:978-1-4200-7388-1). Bivariate gamma fit is obtained using the approach given in Kifle et al (2023) <DOI: 10.4310/22-SII738> with modifications. Lognormal fit is based on the approach by Ripatti and Palmgren (2000) <doi:10.1111/j.0006-341X.2000.01016.x>. Frailty distributions, such as gamma, inverse gaussian and power variance frailty models are supported for parametric approach.

Allows plotting data on bathymetric maps using ggplot2'. Plotting oceanographic spatial data is made as simple as feasible, but also flexible for custom modifications. Data that contain geographic information from anywhere around the globe can be plotted on maps generated by the basemap() or qmap() functions using ggplot2 layers separated by the + operator. The package uses spatial shape- ('sf') and raster ('stars') files, geospatial packages for R to manipulate, and the ggplot2 package to plot these files. The package ships with low-resolution spatial data files and higher resolution files for detailed maps are stored in the ggOceanMapsLargeData repository on GitHub and downloaded automatically when needed.

Most of the time floating point arithmetic does approximately the right thing. When adding sums or having products of numbers that greatly differ in magnitude, the floating point arithmetic may be incorrect. This package implements the Kahan (1965) sum <doi:10.1145/363707.363723>, Neumaier (1974) sum <doi:10.1002/zamm.19740540106>, pairwise-sum (adapted from NumPy', See Castaldo (2008) <doi:10.1137/070679946> for a discussion of accuracy), and arbitrary precision sum (adapted from the fsum in Python ; Shewchuk (1997) <https://people.eecs.berkeley.edu/~jrs/papers/robustr.pdf>). In addition, products are changed to long double precision for accuracy, or changed into a log-sum for accuracy.

Data in multidimensional systems is obtained from operational systems and is transformed to adapt it to the new structure. Frequently, the operations to be performed aim to transform a flat table into a star schema. Transformations can be carried out using professional extract, transform and load tools or tools intended for data transformation for end users. With the tools mentioned, this transformation can be carried out, but it requires a lot of work. The main objective of this package is to define transformations that allow obtaining stars from flat tables easily. In addition, it includes basic data cleaning, dimension enrichment, incremental data refresh and query operations, adapted to this context.

This package provides a conditional independence test that can be applied both to univariate and multivariate random variables. The test is based on a weighted form of the sample covariance of the residuals after a nonlinear regression on the conditioning variables. Details are described in Scheidegger, Hoerrmann and Buehlmann (2022) "The Weighted Generalised Covariance Measure" <http://jmlr.org/papers/v23/21-1328.html>. The test is a generalisation of the Generalised Covariance Measure (GCM) implemented in the R package GeneralisedCovarianceMeasure by Jonas Peters and Rajen D. Shah based on Shah and Peters (2020) "The Hardness of Conditional Independence Testing and the Generalised Covariance Measure" <doi:10.1214/19-AOS1857>.

This package allows biologists to judge in the first place whether the sequence surrounding the polymorphism is a good match, and in the second place how much information is gained or lost in one allele of the polymorphism relative to another. This package gives a choice of algorithms for interrogation of genomes with motifs from public sources:

1. a weighted-sum probability matrix;

2. log-probabilities;

3. weighted by relative entropy.

This package can predict effects for novel or previously described variants in public databases, making it suitable for tasks beyond the scope of its original design. Lastly, it can be used to interrogate any genome curated within Bioconductor.

Generates interactive Jellyfish plots to visualize spatiotemporal tumor evolution by integrating sample and phylogenetic trees into a unified plot. This approach provides an intuitive way to analyze tumor heterogeneity and evolution over time and across anatomical locations. The Jellyfish plot visualization design was first introduced by Lahtinen, Lavikka, et al. (2023, <doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2023.04.017>). This package also supports visualizing ClonEvol results, a tool developed by Dang, et al. (2017, <doi:10.1093/annonc/mdx517>), for analyzing clonal evolution from multi-sample sequencing data. The clonevol package is not available on CRAN but can be installed from its GitHub repository (<https://github.com/hdng/clonevol>).

This package provides a screening process utilizing training and testing samples to filter out uninformative DNA methylation sites. Surrogate variables (SVs) of DNA methylation are included in the filtering process to explain unknown factor effects. This package also provides two screening functions for screening high-dimensional predictors when the events are rare. The firth method is called Rare-Screening which employs a repeated random sampling with replacement and using linear modeling with Bayes adjustment. The Second method is called Firth-ttScreening which uses ttScreening method with additional Firth correction term in the maximum likelihood for the logistic regression model. These methods handle the high-dimensionality and low event rates.

This package provides a set of vectorised functions to calculate medical equations used in transplantation, focused mainly on transplantation of abdominal organs. These functions include donor and recipient risk indices as used by NHS Blood & Transplant, OPTN/UNOS and Eurotransplant, tools for quantifying HLA mismatches, functions for calculating estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), a function to calculate the APRI (AST to platelet ratio) score used in initial screening of suitability to receive a transplant from a hepatitis C seropositive donor and some biochemical unit converter functions. All functions are designed to work with either US or international units. References for the equations are provided in the vignettes and function documentation.

This is a collection of tools for assessment of feature importance and feature effects. Key functions are:

• feature_importance() for assessment of global level feature importance,

• ceteris_paribus() for calculation of the what-if plots,

• partial_dependence() for partial dependence plots,

• conditional_dependence() for conditional dependence plots,

• accumulated_dependence() for accumulated local effects plots,

• aggregate_profiles() and cluster_profiles() for aggregation of ceteris paribus profiles,

• generic print() and plot() for better usability of selected explainers,

• generic plotD3() for interactive, D3 based explanations, and

• generic describe() for explanations in natural language.

Computes the ATM (Attractor Transition Matrix) structure and the tree-like structure describing the cell differentiation process (based on the Threshold Ergodic Set concept introduced by Serra and Villani), starting from the Boolean networks with synchronous updating scheme of the BoolNet R package. TESs (Threshold Ergodic Sets) are the mathematical abstractions that represent the different cell types arising during ontogenesis. TESs and the powerful model of biological differentiation based on Boolean networks to which it belongs have been firstly described in "A Dynamical Model of Genetic Networks for Cell Differentiation" Villani M, Barbieri A, Serra R (2011) A Dynamical Model of Genetic Networks for Cell Differentiation. PLOS ONE 6(3): e17703.

Bayesian data analysis usually incurs long runtimes and cumbersome custom code. A pipeline toolkit tailored to Bayesian statisticians, the jagstargets R package is leverages targets and R2jags to ease this burden. jagstargets makes it super easy to set up scalable JAGS pipelines that automatically parallelize the computation and skip expensive steps when the results are already up to date. Minimal custom code is required, and there is no need to manually configure branching, so usage is much easier than targets alone. For the underlying methodology, please refer to the documentation of targets <doi:10.21105/joss.02959> and JAGS (Plummer 2003) <https://www.r-project.org/conferences/DSC-2003/Proceedings/Plummer.pdf>.