An implementation of the Bayesian Surrogate Evaluation Test (BSET) for assessing the validity of surrogate markers in clinical trials. Provides hypothesis testing tools to evaluate whether a surrogate can reliably estimate the causal effect of a treatment on a primary outcome. Implements the imputation-based Bayesian methodology of Carlotti and Parast (2026) <doi:10.48550/arXiv.2603.14381>, extending the frequentist rank-based approach of Parast et al. (2024) <doi:10.1093/biomtc/ujad035>. Addresses key limitations of the frequentist method, including the lack of causal interpretability and the inability to adjust for covariates in the estimation process.

Miscellaneous R functions, including functions related to graphics (mostly for base graphics), permutation tests, running mean/median, and general utilities.

The Bootstrap framework lets you add some JavaScript functionality to your web site by adding attributes to your HTML tags - Bootstrap takes care of the JavaScript <https://getbootstrap.com/docs/3.3/javascript/>. If you are using R Markdown or Shiny, you can use these functions to create collapsible sections, accordion panels, modals, tooltips, popovers, and an accordion sidebar framework (not described at Bootstrap site). Please note this package was designed for Bootstrap 3.3.

Get z-scores, percentiles, absolute values, and percent of predicted of a reference cohort. Functionality requires installing the data packages adiposerefdata and musclerefdata'. For more information on the underlying research, please visit our website which also includes a graphical interface. The models and underlying data are described in Marquardt JP et al.(planned publication 2025; reserved doi 10.1097/RLI.0000000000001104), "Subcutaneous and Visceral adipose tissue Reference Values from Framingham Heart Study Thoracic and Abdominal CT", *Investigative Radiology* and Tonnesen PE et al. (2023), "Muscle Reference Values from Thoracic and Abdominal CT for Sarcopenia Assessment [column] The Framingham Heart Study", *Investigative Radiology*, <doi:10.1097/RLI.0000000000001012>.

Analyze and plot the abundance of different RNA biotypes present in a count matrix, this evaluation can be useful if you want to test different strategies of normalization or analyze a particular biotype in a differential gene expression analysis.

Handy frameworks, such as error handling and log generation, for batch scripts. Use case: in scripts running in remote servers, set error handling mechanism for downloading and uploading and record operation log.

This package provides a ggplot2 centric approach to bivariate mapping. This is a technique that maps two quantities simultaneously rather than the single value that most thematic maps display. The package provides a suite of tools for calculating breaks using multiple different approaches, a selection of palettes appropriate for bivariate mapping and scale functions for ggplot2 calls that adds those palettes to maps. Tools for creating bivariate legends are also included.

Various algorithms for segmentation of 2D and 3D images, such as computed tomography and satellite remote sensing. This package implements Bayesian image analysis using the hidden Potts model with external field prior of Moores et al. (2015) <doi:10.1016/j.csda.2014.12.001>. Latent labels are sampled using chequerboard updating or Swendsen-Wang. Algorithms for the smoothing parameter include pseudolikelihood, path sampling, the exchange algorithm, approximate Bayesian computation (ABC-MCMC and ABC-SMC), and the parametric functional approximate Bayesian (PFAB) algorithm. Refer to Moores, Pettitt & Mengersen (2020) <doi:10.1007/978-3-030-42553-1_6> for an overview and also to <doi:10.1007/s11222-014-9525-6> and <doi:10.1214/18-BA1130> for further details of specific algorithms.

This package provides comprehensive methods to calculate posterior probabilities, posterior predictive probabilities, and Go/NoGo/Gray decision probabilities for quantitative decision-making under a Bayesian paradigm in clinical trials. The package supports both single and two-endpoint analyses for binary and continuous outcomes, with controlled, uncontrolled, and external designs. For single continuous endpoints, three calculation methods are available: numerical integration (NI), Monte Carlo simulation (MC), and Moment-Matching approximation (MM). For two continuous endpoints, a bivariate Normal-Inverse-Wishart conjugate model is implemented with MC and MM methods. For two binary endpoints, a Dirichlet-multinomial model is implemented. External designs incorporate historical data through power priors using exact conjugate representations (Normal-Inverse-Chi-squared for single continuous, Normal-Inverse-Wishart for two continuous, and Dirichlet for binary endpoints), enabling closed-form posterior computation without Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling. This approach significantly reduces computational burden while preserving complete Bayesian rigor. The package also provides grid-search functions to find optimal Go and NoGo thresholds that satisfy user-specified operating characteristic criteria for all supported endpoint types and study designs. S3 print() and plot() methods are provided for all decision probability classes, enabling formatted display and visualisation of Go/NoGo/Gray operating characteristics across treatment scenarios. See Kang, Yamaguchi, and Han (2026) <doi:10.1080/10543406.2026.2655410> for the methodological framework.

Decomposition for differences-in-differences with variation in treatment timing from Goodman-Bacon (2018) <doi:10.3386/w25018>.

Unified and user-friendly framework for using new distributional representations of biosensors data in different statistical modeling tasks: regression models, hypothesis testing, cluster analysis, visualization, and descriptive analysis. Distributional representations are a functional extension of compositional time-range metrics and we have used them successfully so far in modeling glucose profiles and accelerometer data. However, these functional representations can be used to represent any biosensor data such as ECG or medical imaging such as fMRI. Matabuena M, Petersen A, Vidal JC, Gude F. "Glucodensities: A new representation of glucose profiles using distributional data analysis" (2021) <doi:10.1177/0962280221998064>.

This package provides a GUI with which users can construct and interact with biplots.

The Biomarker Optimal Segmentation System R package, bossR', is designed for precision medicine, helping to identify individual traits using biomarkers. It focuses on determining the most effective cutoff value for a continuous biomarker, which is crucial for categorizing patients into two groups with distinctly different clinical outcomes. The package simultaneously finds the optimal cutoff from given candidate values and tests its significance. Simulation studies demonstrate that bossR offers statistical power and false positive control non-inferior to the permutation approach (considered the gold standard in this field), while being hundreds of times faster.

This includes functions for creating 3D and 4D images using WebGL', rgl', and JavaScript commands. This package relies on the X toolkit ('XTK', <https://github.com/xtk/X#readme>).

Our recently developed fully robust Bayesian semiparametric mixed-effect model for high-dimensional longitudinal studies with heterogeneous observations can be implemented through this package. This model can distinguish between time-varying interactions and constant-effect-only cases to avoid model misspecifications. Facilitated by spike-and-slab priors, this model leads to superior performance in estimation, identification and statistical inference. In particular, robust Bayesian inferences in terms of valid Bayesian credible intervals on both parametric and nonparametric effects can be validated on finite samples. The Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms of the proposed and alternative models are efficiently implemented in C++'.

It brings together several aspects of biodiversity data-cleaning in one place. bdc is organized in thematic modules related to different biodiversity dimensions, including 1) Merge datasets: standardization and integration of different datasets; 2) pre-filter: flagging and removal of invalid or non-interpretable information, followed by data amendments; 3) taxonomy: cleaning, parsing, and harmonization of scientific names from several taxonomic groups against taxonomic databases locally stored through the application of exact and partial matching algorithms; 4) space: flagging of erroneous, suspect, and low-precision geographic coordinates; and 5) time: flagging and, whenever possible, correction of inconsistent collection date. In addition, it contains features to visualize, document, and report data quality â which is essential for making data quality assessment transparent and reproducible. The reference for the methodology is Ribeiro and colleagues (2022) <doi:10.1111/2041-210X.13868>.

This package provides a collection of Bayesian networks (discrete, Gaussian, and conditional linear Gaussian) collated from recent academic literature. The bnRep_summary object provides an overview of the Bayesian networks in the repository and the package documentation includes details about the variables in each network. A Shiny app to explore the repository can be launched with bnRep_app() and is available online at <https://manueleleonelli.shinyapps.io/bnRep>. Reference: M. Leonelli (2025) <doi:10.1016/j.neucom.2025.129502>.

Best subset glm using information criteria or cross-validation, carried by using leaps algorithm (Furnival and Wilson, 1974) <doi:10.2307/1267601> or complete enumeration (Morgan and Tatar, 1972) <doi:10.1080/00401706.1972.10488918>. Implements PCR and PLS using AIC/BIC. Implements one-standard deviation rule for use with the caret package.

This package implements Friedman's gradient descent boosting algorithm for modeling longitudinal response using multivariate tree base learners. Longitudinal response could be continuous, binary, nominal or ordinal. A time-covariate interaction effect is modeled using penalized B-splines (P-splines) with estimated adaptive smoothing parameter. Although the package is design for longitudinal data, it can handle cross-sectional data as well. Implementation details are provided in Pande et al. (2017), Mach Learn <DOI:10.1007/s10994-016-5597-1>.

This package provides the functions for Brunner-Munzel test and permuted Brunner-Munzel test, which enable to use formula, matrix, and table as argument. These functions are based on Brunner and Munzel (2000) <doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-4036(200001)42:1%3C17::AID-BIMJ17%3E3.0.CO;2-U> and Neubert and Brunner (2007) <doi:10.1016/j.csda.2006.05.024>, and are written with FORTRAN.

Implementation of the bootstrapping approach for the estimation of clustering stability and its application in estimating the number of clusters, as introduced by Yu et al (2016)<doi:10.1142/9789814749411_0007>. Implementation of the non-parametric bootstrap approach to assessing the stability of module detection in a graph, the extension for the selection of a parameter set that defines a graph from data in a way that optimizes stability and the corresponding visualization functions, as introduced by Tian et al (2021) <doi:10.1002/sam.11495>. Implemented out-of-bag stability estimation function and k-select Smin-based k-selection function as introduced by Liu et al (2022) <doi:10.1002/sam.11593>. Implemented ensemble clustering method based-on k-means clustering method, spectral clustering method and hierarchical clustering method.

Ecological alteration of degraded lands can improve their sustainability by addition of large amount of biomass to soil resulting in improved soil health. Soil biological parameters (such as carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycling enzyme activity) are reactive to minute variations in soils [Ghosh et al. (2021) <doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2021.106176> ]. Hence, biological activity index combining Urease, Alkaline Phosphatase, Dehydrogenase (DHA) & Beta-Glucosidase activity will assist in detecting early changes in restored land use systems [Patidar et al. (2023) <doi:10.3389/fsufs.2023.1230156>]. This package helps to calculate Biological Activity Index (BAI) based on vectors of Land Use System/treatment and control/reference Land Use System containing four values of Urease, Alkaline Phosphatase, DHA & Beta-Glucosidase. (DHA), urease (URE), fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis (FDA) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities are measured in soil samples using triphenyl tetrazolium chloride, urea, fluorescein diacetate and p-nitro phenyl-phosphate as substrates, respectively.

Perform competing risks analysis under bivariate Pareto models. See Shih et al. (2019) <doi:10.1080/03610926.2018.1425450> for details.

This package implements the Butterworth-Induced Autoregressive ('BTWAR') model, where autoregressive coefficients are obtained from analog Butterworth filter prototypes mapped into the discrete-time domain using the Matched Z-Transform. The framework establishes a structured connection between frequency-domain filter design and time-domain autoregressive modeling. Model order selection is performed via nested rolling-origin cross-validation. Method described in Bras-Geraldes, Rocha and Martins (2026) <doi:10.3390/math14030479>.