The aim is to develop an R package, which is the new.dist package, for the probability (density) function, the distribution function, the quantile function and the associated random number generation function for discrete and continuous distributions, which have recently been proposed in the literature. This package implements the following distributions: The Power Muth Distribution, a Bimodal Weibull Distribution, the Discrete Lindley Distribution, The Gamma-Lomax Distribution, Weighted Geometric Distribution, a Power Log-Dagum Distribution, Kumaraswamy Distribution, Lindley Distribution, the Unit-Inverse Gaussian Distribution, EP Distribution, Akash Distribution, Ishita Distribution, Maxwell Distribution, the Standard Omega Distribution, Slashed Generalized Rayleigh Distribution, Two-Parameter Rayleigh Distribution, Muth Distribution, Uniform-Geometric Distribution, Discrete Weibull Distribution.

This package provides tools for visualizing and analyzing the shape of discrete nominal frequency distributions. The package introduces centered frequency plots, in which nominal categories are ordered from the most frequent category at the center toward less frequent categories on both sides, facilitating the detection of distributional patterns such as uniformity, dominance, symmetry, skewness, and long-tail behavior. In addition, the package supports Pareto charts for the study of dominance and cumulative frequency structure in nominal data. The package is designed for exploratory data analysis and statistical teaching, offering visualizations that emphasize distributional form rather than arbitrary category ordering.

This package provides quality control (QC), normalization, and batch effect correction operations for NanoString nCounter data, Talhouk et al. (2016) <doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0153844>. Various metrics are used to determine which samples passed or failed QC. Gene expression should first be normalized to housekeeping genes, before a reference-based approach is used to adjust for batch effects. Raw NanoString data can be imported in the form of Reporter Code Count (RCC) files.

Multiple and generalized nonparametric regression using smoothing spline ANOVA models and generalized additive models, as described in Helwig (2020) <doi:10.4135/9781526421036885885>. Includes support for Gaussian and non-Gaussian responses, smoothers for multiple types of predictors (including random intercepts), interactions between smoothers of mixed types, eight different methods for smoothing parameter selection, and flexible tools for diagnostics, inference, and prediction.

This package provides a Non-Metric Space Library ('NMSLIB <https://github.com/nmslib/nmslib>) wrapper, which according to the authors "is an efficient cross-platform similarity search library and a toolkit for evaluation of similarity search methods. The goal of the NMSLIB <https://github.com/nmslib/nmslib> Library is to create an effective and comprehensive toolkit for searching in generic non-metric spaces. Being comprehensive is important, because no single method is likely to be sufficient in all cases. Also note that exact solutions are hardly efficient in high dimensions and/or non-metric spaces. Hence, the main focus is on approximate methods". The wrapper also includes Approximate Kernel k-Nearest-Neighbor functions based on the NMSLIB <https://github.com/nmslib/nmslib> Python Library.

Computes various geospatial indices of socioeconomic deprivation and disparity in the United States. Some indices are considered "spatial" because they consider the values of neighboring (i.e., adjacent) census geographies in their computation, while other indices are "aspatial" because they only consider the value within each census geography. Two types of aspatial neighborhood deprivation indices (NDI) are available, including: (1) based on Messer et al. (2006) <doi:10.1007/s11524-006-9094-x> and (2) based on Andrews et al. (2020) <doi:10.1080/17445647.2020.1750066> and Slotman et al. (2022) <doi:10.1016/j.dib.2022.108002> who use variables chosen by Roux and Mair (2010) <doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05333.x>. Both are a decomposition of multiple demographic characteristics from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 5-year estimates (ACS-5; 2006-2010 onward). Using data from the ACS-5 (2005-2009 onward), the package can also compute indices of racial or ethnic residential segregation, including but limited to those discussed in Massey & Denton (1988) <doi:10.1093/sf/67.2.281>, and additional indices of socioeconomic disparity.

Implement and enhance the performance of spatial fuzzy clustering using Fuzzy Geographically Weighted Clustering with various optimization algorithms, mainly from Xin She Yang (2014) <ISBN:9780124167438> with book entitled Nature-Inspired Optimization Algorithms. The optimization algorithm is useful to tackle the disadvantages of clustering inconsistency when using the traditional approach. The distance measurements option is also provided in order to increase the quality of clustering results. The Fuzzy Geographically Weighted Clustering with nature inspired optimisation algorithm was firstly developed by Arie Wahyu Wijayanto and Ayu Purwarianti (2014) <doi:10.1109/CITSM.2014.7042178> using Artificial Bee Colony algorithm.

This package provides tools to generate Necklaces, Bracelets, Lyndon words and de Bruijn sequences. The generation relies on integer partitions and uses the KStatistics package. Methods used in the package refers to E. Di Nardo and G. Guarino (2022) <doi:10.48550/arXiv.2208.06855>.

Omics data come in different forms: gene expression, methylation, copy number, protein measurements and more. NCutYX allows clustering of variables, of samples, and both variables and samples (biclustering), while incorporating the dependencies across multiple types of Omics data. (SJ Teran Hidalgo et al (2017), <doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3990-1>).

This R package provides a calculation of between-cases AUC estimate, corresponding covariance, and variance estimate in the nested data problem. Also, the package has the function to simulate the nested data. The calculated between-cases AUC estimate is used to evaluate the reader's diagnostic performance in clinical tasks with nested data. For more details on the above methods, please refer to the paper by H Du, S Wen, Y Guo, F Jin, BD Gallas (2022) <doi:10.1177/09622802221111539>.

Infer system functioning with empirical NETwork COMparisons. These methods are part of a growing paradigm in network science that uses relative comparisons of networks to infer mechanistic classifications and predict systemic interventions. They have been developed and applied in Langendorf and Burgess (2021) <doi:10.1038/s41598-021-99251-7>, Langendorf (2020) <doi:10.1201/9781351190831-6>, and Langendorf and Goldberg (2019) <doi:10.48550/arXiv.1912.12551>.

This package implements methods introduced in Chen, Christensen, and Kankanala (2024) <doi:10.1093/restud/rdae025> for estimating and constructing uniform confidence bands for nonparametric structural functions using instrumental variables, including data-driven choice of tuning parameters. All methods in this package apply to nonparametric regression as a special case.

Fast and Accurate Trisomy Prediction in Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing.

NEON observational data are provided via the NEON Data Portal <https://www.neonscience.org> and NEON API, and can be downloaded and reformatted by the neonUtilities package. NEON observational data (human-observed measurements, and analyses derived from human-collected samples, such as tree diameters and algal chemistry) are published in a format consisting of one or more tabular data files. This package provides tools for performing common operations on NEON observational data, including checking for duplicates and joining tables.

Two implementations of canonical correlation analysis (CCA) that are based on iterated regression. By choosing the appropriate regression algorithm for each data domain, it is possible to enforce sparsity, non-negativity or other kinds of constraints on the projection vectors. Multiple canonical variables are computed sequentially using a generalized deflation scheme, where the additional correlation not explained by previous variables is maximized. nscancor() is used to analyze paired data from two domains, and has the same interface as cancor() from the stats package (plus some extra parameters). mcancor() is appropriate for analyzing data from three or more domains. See <https://sigg-iten.ch/learningbits/2014/01/20/canonical-correlation-analysis-under-constraints/> and Sigg et al. (2007) <doi:10.1109/MLSP.2007.4414315> for more details.

Computes and plots the boundary between night and day.

This package performs combination tests and sample size calculation for fixed design with survival endpoints using combination tests under either proportional hazards or non-proportional hazards. The combination tests include maximum weighted log-rank test and projection test. The sample size calculation procedure is very flexible, allowing for user-defined hazard ratio function and considering various trial conditions like staggered entry, drop-out etc. The sample size calculation also applies to various cure models such as proportional hazards cure model, cure model with (random) delayed treatments effects. Trial simulation function is also provided to facilitate the empirical power calculation. The references for projection test and maximum weighted logrank test include Brendel et al. (2014) <doi:10.1111/sjos.12059> and Cheng and He (2021) <arXiv:2110.03833>. The references for sample size calculation under proportional hazard include Schoenfeld (1981) <doi:10.1093/biomet/68.1.316> and Freedman (1982) <doi:10.1002/sim.4780010204>. The references for calculation under non-proportional hazards include Lakatos (1988) <doi:10.2307/2531910> and Cheng and He (2023) <doi:10.1002/bimj.202100403>.

Naive discriminative learning implements learning and classification models based on the Rescorla-Wagner equations and their equilibrium equations.

Snow water equivalent is modeled with the process based models delta.snow and HS2SWE and empirical regression, which use relationships between density and diverse at-site parameters. The methods are described in Winkler et al. (2021) <doi:10.5194/hess-25-1165-2021>, Magnusson et al. (2025) <doi:10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104435>, Guyennon et al. (2019) <doi:10.1016/j.coldregions.2019.102859>, Pistocchi (2016) <doi:10.1016/j.ejrh.2016.03.004>, Jonas et al. (2009) <doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.09.021> and Sturm et al. (2010) <doi:10.1175/2010JHM1202.1>.

Normative data are often used to estimate the relative position of a raw test score in the population. This package allows for deriving regression-based normative data. It includes functions that enable the fitting of regression models for the mean and residual (or variance) structures, test the model assumptions, derive the normative data in the form of normative tables or automatic scoring sheets, and estimate confidence intervals for the norms. This package accompanies the book Van der Elst, W. (2024). Regression-based normative data for psychological assessment. A hands-on approach using R. Springer Nature.

Draw nested extreme value random variables, which are the variables that appear in the latent variable formulation of the nested logit model.

Fits sphere-sphere regression models by estimating locally weighted rotations. Simulation of sphere-sphere data according to non-rigid rotation models. Provides methods for bias reduction applying iterative procedures within a Newton-Raphson learning scheme. Cross-validation is exploited to select smoothing parameters. See Marco Di Marzio, Agnese Panzera & Charles C. Taylor (2018) <doi:10.1080/01621459.2017.1421542>.

Analysis of multivariate data with two-way completely randomized factorial design. The analysis is based on fully nonparametric, rank-based methods and uses test statistics based on the Dempster's ANOVA, Wilk's Lambda, Lawley-Hotelling and Bartlett-Nanda-Pillai criteria. The multivariate response is allowed to be ordinal, quantitative, binary or a mixture of the different variable types. The package offers two functions performing the analysis, one for small and the other for large sample sizes. The underlying methodology is largely described in Bathke and Harrar (2016) <doi:10.1007/978-3-319-39065-9_7> and in Munzel and Brunner (2000) <doi:10.1016/S0378-3758(99)00212-8> and in Kiefel and Bathke (2022) <doi:10.1515/stat-2022-0112>.

An application for the empirical extrapolation of time features selecting and summarizing the most relevant patterns in time sequences.