Jellyfish is a tool for fast, memory-efficient counting of k-mers in DNA. A k-mer is a substring of length k, and counting the occurrences of all such substrings is a central step in many analyses of DNA sequence. Jellyfish is a command-line program that reads FASTA and multi-FASTA files containing DNA sequences. It outputs its k-mer counts in a binary format, which can be translated into a human-readable text format using the jellyfish dump command, or queried for specific k-mers with jellyfish query.

Segemehl is software to map short sequencer reads to reference genomes. Segemehl implements a matching strategy based on enhanced suffix arrays (ESA). It accepts fasta and fastq queries (gzip'ed and bgzip'ed). In addition to the alignment of reads from standard DNA- and RNA-seq protocols, it also allows the mapping of bisulfite converted reads (Lister and Cokus) and implements a split read mapping strategy. The output of segemehl is a SAM or BAM formatted alignment file.

LAMMPS is a classical molecular dynamics simulator designed to run efficiently on parallel computers. LAMMPS has potentials for solid-state materials (metals, semiconductors), soft matter (biomolecules, polymers), and coarse-grained or mesoscopic systems. It can be used to model atoms or, more generically, as a parallel particle simulator at the atomic, meso, or continuum scale.

MUSCLE aims to be a fast and accurate multiple sequence alignment program for nucleotide and protein sequences.

This package stores motif collections as lists of position frequency matrix (PWMatrixList) objects provided by the TFBSTools package for use in R with packages like motifmatchr or chromVAR.

Bio-locus is a tabix-like tool for fast querying of genome locations. Many file formats in bioinformatics contain records that start with a chromosome name and a position for a SNP, or a start-end position for indels. Bio-locus allows users to store this chr+pos or chr+pos+alt information in a database.

This package computes informative enrichment and quality measures for ChIP-seq/DNase-seq/FAIRE-seq/MNase-seq data. It can also be used to obtain robust estimates of the predominant fragment length or characteristic tag shift values in these assays.

SeqAn is a C++ library of efficient algorithms and data structures for the analysis of sequences with the focus on biological data. It contains algorithms and data structures for string representation and their manipulation, online and indexed string search, efficient I/O of bioinformatics file formats, sequence alignment, and more.

Bismark is a program to map bisulfite treated sequencing reads to a genome of interest and perform methylation calls in a single step. The output can be easily imported into a genome viewer, such as SeqMonk, and enables a researcher to analyse the methylation levels of their samples straight away. Its main features are:

• Bisulfite mapping and methylation calling in one single step

• Supports single-end and paired-end read alignments

• Supports ungapped and gapped alignments

• Alignment seed length, number of mismatches etc are adjustable

• Output discriminates between cytosine methylation in CpG, CHG and CHH context

PhyML is a software package that uses modern statistical approaches to analyse alignments of nucleotide or amino acid sequences in a phylogenetic framework. The main tool in this package builds phylogenies under the maximum likelihood criterion. It implements a large number of substitution models coupled with efficient options to search the space of phylogenetic tree topologies. codePhyREX fits the spatial-Lambda-Fleming-Viot model to geo-referenced genetic data. This model is similar to the structured coalescent but assumes that individuals are distributed along a spatial continuum rather than discrete demes. PhyREX can be used to estimate population densities and rates of dispersal. Its output can be processed by treeannotator (from the BEAST package) as well as SPREAD.

BWA is a software package for mapping low-divergent sequences against a large reference genome, such as the human genome. It consists of three algorithms: BWA-backtrack, BWA-SW and BWA-MEM. The first algorithm is designed for Illumina sequence reads up to 100bp, while the rest two for longer sequences ranged from 70bp to 1Mbp. BWA-MEM and BWA-SW share similar features such as long-read support and split alignment, but BWA-MEM, which is the latest, is generally recommended for high-quality queries as it is faster and more accurate. BWA-MEM also has better performance than BWA-backtrack for 70-100bp Illumina reads.

Biopython is a set of tools for biological computation including parsers for bioinformatics files into Python data structures; interfaces to common bioinformatics programs; a standard sequence class and tools for performing common operations on them; code to perform data classification; code for dealing with alignments; code making it easy to split up parallelizable tasks into separate processes; and more.

ScVelo is a scalable toolkit for RNA velocity analysis in single cells. RNA velocity enables the recovery of directed dynamic information by leveraging splicing kinetics. scVelo generalizes the concept of RNA velocity by relaxing previously made assumptions with a stochastic and a dynamical model that solves the full transcriptional dynamics. It thereby adapts RNA velocity to widely varying specifications such as non-stationary populations.

This is a Python module for analyzing cell-hashing/nucleus-hashing data. It is the demultiplexing module of Pegasus, which is used by Cumulus in the demultiplexing step.

Ribotaper is a method for defining translated open reading frames (ORFs) using ribosome profiling (ribo-seq) data. This package provides the Ribotaper pipeline.

This tool provides a Python framework to streamline genomics operations. It offers a direct interface to Ensembl genome assemblies and annotations, while also accommodating custom genomes via FASTA/GTF inputs. The primary objective of pybio is to simplify genome management. It achieves this by providing automatic download of Ensembl genome assemblies and annotation, provides Python genomic feature search and sequence retrieval from the managed genomes, STAR indexing and mapping and more.

This is an R package providing additional capabilities and speed for GenomicRanges operations.

pySCENIC is a Python implementation of the SCENIC pipeline (Single-Cell rEgulatory Network Inference and Clustering) which enables biologists to infer transcription factors, gene regulatory networks and cell types from single-cell RNA-seq data.

A tandem repeat in DNA is two or more adjacent, approximate copies of a pattern of nucleotides. Tandem Repeats Finder is a program to locate and display tandem repeats in DNA sequences. In order to use the program, the user submits a sequence in FASTA format. The output consists of two files: a repeat table file and an alignment file. Submitted sequences may be of arbitrary length. Repeats with pattern size in the range from 1 to 2000 bases are detected.

Infernal ("INFERence of RNA ALignment") is a tool for searching DNA sequence databases for RNA structure and sequence similarities. It is an implementation of a special case of profile stochastic context-free grammars called covariance models (CMs). A CM is like a sequence profile, but it scores a combination of sequence consensus and RNA secondary structure consensus, so in many cases, it is more capable of identifying RNA homologs that conserve their secondary structure more than their primary sequence.

F-Seq is a software package that generates a continuous tag sequence density estimation allowing identification of biologically meaningful sites such as transcription factor binding sites (ChIP-seq) or regions of open chromatin (DNase-seq). Output can be displayed directly in the UCSC Genome Browser.

InDelFixer is a sensitive aligner for 454, Illumina and PacBio data, employing a full Smith-Waterman alignment against a reference. This Java command line application aligns Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) and third-generation reads to a set of reference sequences, by a prior fast k-mer matching and removes indels, causing frame shifts. In addition, only a specific region can be considered. An iterative refinement of the alignment can be performed, by alignment against the consensus sequence with wobbles. The output is in SAM format.

Fxtract extracts sequences from a protein or nucleotide fastx (FASTA or FASTQ) file given a subsequence. It uses a simple substring search for basic tasks but can change to using POSIX regular expressions, PCRE, hash lookups or multi-pattern searching as required. By default fxtract looks in the sequence of each record but can also be told to look in the header, comment or quality sections.

This package contains functions for the SCENT algorithm. SCENT uses single-cell multimodal data and links ATAC-seq peaks to their target genes by modeling association between chromatin accessibility and gene expression across individual single cells.