Machine coded genetic algorithm (MCGA) is a fast tool for real-valued optimization problems. It uses the byte representation of variables rather than real-values. It performs the classical crossover operations (uniform) on these byte representations. Mutation operator is also similar to classical mutation operator, which is to say, it changes a randomly selected byte value of a chromosome by +1 or -1 with probability 1/2. In MCGAs there is no need for encoding-decoding process and the classical operators are directly applicable on real-values. It is fast and can handle a wide range of a search space with high precision. Using a 256-unary alphabet is the main disadvantage of this algorithm but a moderate size population is convenient for many problems. Package also includes multi_mcga function for multi objective optimization problems. This function sorts the chromosomes using their ranks calculated from the non-dominated sorting algorithm.

Generate central composite designs (CCD)with full as well as fractional factorial points (half replicate) and Box Behnken designs (BBD) with minimally changed run sequence.

This package provides functions to analyze coherence, boundary clumping, and turnover following the pattern-based metacommunity analysis of Leibold and Mikkelson 2002 <doi:10.1034/j.1600-0706.2002.970210.x>. The package also includes functions to visualize ecological networks, and to calculate modularity as a replacement to boundary clumping.

The Iterative Proportional Fitting (IPF) algorithm operates on count data. This package offers implementations for several algorithms that extend this to nested structures: parent and child items for both of which constraints can be provided. The fitting algorithms include Iterative Proportional Updating <https://trid.trb.org/view/881554>, Hierarchical IPF <doi:10.3929/ethz-a-006620748>, Entropy Optimization <https://trid.trb.org/view/881144>, and Generalized Raking <doi:10.2307/2290793>. Additionally, a number of replication methods is also provided such as Truncate, replicate, sample <doi:10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2013.03.004>.

Builds and interprets multi-response machine learning models using tidymodels syntax. Users can supply a tidy model, and mrIML automates the process of fitting multiple response models to multivariate data and applying interpretable machine learning techniques across them. For more details see Fountain-Jones (2021) <doi:10.1111/1755-0998.13495> and Fountain-Jones et al. (2024) <doi:10.22541/au.172676147.77148600/v1>.

Finds the Maximum Likelihood (ML) Estimate of the mean vector and variance-covariance matrix for multivariate normal data with missing values.

This package provides tools for creating and issuing nicely-formatted text within R diagnostic messages and those messages given during warnings and errors. The formatting of the messages can be customized using templating features. Issues with singular and plural forms can be handled through specialized syntax.

Simulate, estimate, and forecast vector autoregressive (VAR) models for multiple-subject data using structured penalization. Decomposes dynamics into shared (common) and subject-specific (unique) components via adaptive LASSO with FISTA optimization. Supports cross-validation and extended BIC model selection and subgroup detection, and time-varying parameters.

This package provides a flexible general-purpose toolbox for implementing Rescorla-Wagner models in multi-armed bandit tasks. As the successor and functional extension of the binaryRL package, multiRL modularizes the Markov Decision Process (MDP) into six core components. This framework enables users to construct custom models via intuitive if-else syntax and define latent learning rules for agents. For parameter estimation, it provides both likelihood-based inference (MLE and MAP) and simulation-based inference (ABC and RNN), with full support for parallel processing across subjects. The workflow is highly standardized, featuring four main functions that strictly follow the four-step protocol (and ten rules) proposed by Wilson & Collins (2019) <doi:10.7554/eLife.49547>. Beyond the three built-in models (TD, RSTD, and Utility), users can easily derive new variants by declaring which variables are treated as free parameters.

The IRLS (Iteratively Reweighted Least Squares) and GMM (Generalized Method of Moments) methods are applied to estimate mixed correlation coefficient matrix (Pearson, Polyseries, Polychoric), which can be estimated in pairs or simultaneously. For more information see Peng Zhang and Ben Liu (2024) <doi:10.1080/10618600.2023.2257251>; Ben Liu and Peng Zhang (2024) <doi:10.48550/arXiv.2404.06781>.

This package contains model-based treatment of missing data for regression models with missing values in covariates or the dependent variable using maximum likelihood or Bayesian estimation (Ibrahim et al., 2005; <doi:10.1198/016214504000001844>; Luedtke, Robitzsch, & West, 2020a, 2020b; <doi:10.1080/00273171.2019.1640104><doi:10.1037/met0000233>). The regression model can be nonlinear (e.g., interaction effects, quadratic effects or B-spline functions). Multilevel models with missing data in predictors are available for Bayesian estimation. Substantive-model compatible multiple imputation can be also conducted.

Create tile grid maps, which are like choropleth maps except each region is represented with equal visual space.

Supplementary materials and datasets for the book "Modern Psychometrics With R" (Mair, 2018, Springer useR! series).

This package provides methods for quantifying the information gain contributed by individual modalities in multimodal regression models. Information gain is measured using Expected Relative Entropy (ERE) or pseudo-R² metrics, with corresponding p-values and confidence intervals. Currently supports linear and logistic regression models with plans for extension to additional Generalized Linear Models and Cox proportional hazard model.

To create maps from tiles, maptiles downloads, composes and displays tiles from a large number of providers (e.g. OpenStreetMap', Stadia', Esri', CARTO', or Thunderforest').

Simulation-based sensitivity analysis for causal mediation studies. It numerically and graphically evaluates the sensitivity of causal mediation analysis results to the presence of unmeasured pretreatment confounding. The proposed method has primary advantages over existing methods. First, using an unmeasured pretreatment confounder conditional associations with the treatment, mediator, and outcome as sensitivity parameters, the method enables users to intuitively assess sensitivity in reference to prior knowledge about the strength of a potential unmeasured pretreatment confounder. Second, the method accurately reflects the influence of unmeasured pretreatment confounding on the efficiency of estimation of the causal effects. Third, the method can be implemented in different causal mediation analysis approaches, including regression-based, simulation-based, and propensity score-based methods. It is applicable to both randomized experiments and observational studies.

Supports the generation of parallelogram, equilateral triangle, regular hexagon, isosceles trapezoid, Koch snowflake, hexaflake', Sierpinski triangle, Sierpinski carpet and Sierpinski trapezoid mazes via TurtleGraphics'. Mazes are generated by the recursive method: the domain is divided into sub-domains in which mazes are generated, then dividing lines with holes are drawn between them, see J. Buck, Recursive Division, <http://weblog.jamisbuck.org/2011/1/12/maze-generation-recursive-division-algorithm>.

This package provides tools for the analysis of population differences using the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) genotypes of samples having a variable number of alleles (1-4) recorded for each individual. A hierarchical Dirichlet-Multinomial model on the genotype counts is used to pool small samples from multiple populations for pairwise tests of equality. Bayesian inference is implemented via the rstan package. Bootstrapped and posterior p-values are provided for chi-squared and likelihood ratio tests of equal genotype probabilities.

Describes spatial patterns of categorical raster data for any defined regular and irregular areas. Patterns are described quantitatively using built-in signatures based on co-occurrence matrices but also allows for any user-defined functions. It enables spatial analysis such as search, change detection, and clustering to be performed on spatial patterns (Nowosad (2021) <doi:10.1007/s10980-020-01135-0>).

Additional documentation, a package vignette and regression tests for package mlt.

Aggregates a set of trees with the same leaves to create a consensus tree. The trees are typically obtained via hierarchical clustering, hence the hclust format is used to encode both the aggregated trees and the final consensus tree. The method is exact and proven to be O(nqlog(n)), n being the individuals and q being the number of trees to aggregate.

Mitteroecker & Gunz (2009) <doi:10.1007/s11692-009-9055-x> describe how geometric morphometric methods allow researchers to quantify the size and shape of physical biological structures. We provide tools to extend geometric morphometric principles to the study of non-physical structures, hormone profiles, as outlined in Ehrlich et al (2021) <doi:10.1002/ajpa.24514>. Easily transform daily measures into multivariate landmark-based data. Includes custom functions to apply multivariate methods for data exploration as well as hypothesis testing. Also includes shiny web app to streamline data exploration. Developed to study menstrual cycle hormones but functions have been generalized and should be applicable to any biomarker over any time period.

Several functions can be used to analyze multiblock multivariable data. If the input is a single matrix, then principal components analysis (PCA) is implemented. If the input is a list of matrices, then multiblock PCA is implemented. If the input is two matrices, for exploratory and objective variables, then partial least squares (PLS) analysis is implemented. If the input is two lists of matrices, for exploratory and objective variables, then multiblock PLS analysis is implemented. Additionally, if an extra outcome variable is specified, then a supervised version of the methods above is implemented. For each method, sparse modeling is also incorporated. Functions for selecting the number of components and regularized parameters are also provided.

Specification and estimation of multinomial logit models. Large datasets and complex models are supported, with an intuitive syntax. Multinomial Logit Models, Mixed models, random coefficients and Hybrid Choice are all supported. For more information, see Molloy et al. (2021) <https://www.research-collection.ethz.ch/handle/20.500.11850/477416>.