Index of Multiple Deprivation for UK nations at various geographical levels. In England, deprivation data is for Lower Layer Super Output Areas, Middle Layer Super Output Areas, Wards, and Local Authorities based on data from <https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/english-indices-of-deprivation-2019>. In Wales, deprivation data is for Lower Layer Super Output Areas, Middle Layer Super Output Areas, Wards, and Local Authorities based on data from <https://gov.wales/welsh-index-multiple-deprivation-full-index-update-ranks-2019>. In Scotland, deprivation data is for Data Zones, Intermediate Zones, and Council Areas based on data from <https://simd.scot>. In Northern Ireland, deprivation data is for Super Output Areas and Local Government Districts based on data from <https://www.nisra.gov.uk/statistics/deprivation/northern-ireland-multiple-deprivation-measure-2017-nimdm2017>. The IMD package also provides the composite UK index developed by <https://github.com/mysociety/composite_uk_imd>.

This package provides functions for the identification, classification, and ranking of influential nodes and candidate features from network and omics data. The package implements the Integrated Value of Influence (IVI) for integrative network centrality analysis, the SIR-based Influence Ranking (SIRIR) model for unsupervised influence ranking, and the Experimental data-based Integrative Ranking (ExIR) model for prioritizing candidate driver, biomarker, and mediator features from experimental omics data. Functions are provided for network reconstruction from adjacency matrices and data frames, topological analysis, centrality calculation, assessment of associations between centrality measures, and conditional probability analysis. ExIR supports bulk and single-cell omics data, including matrices, sparse matrices, data frames, tibbles, and Seurat objects.

Computes bootstrapped Monte Carlo estimate of p value of Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) test and likelihood ratio test for zero-inflated count data, based on the work of Aldirawi et al. (2019) <doi:10.1109/BHI.2019.8834661>. With the package, user can also find tools to simulate random deviates from zero inflated or hurdle models and obtain maximum likelihood estimate of unknown parameters in these models.

This package provides a collection of functions for working with time series data, including functions for drawing, decomposing, and forecasting. Includes capabilities to compare multiple series and fit both additive and multiplicative models. Used by iNZight', a graphical user interface providing easy exploration and visualisation of data for students of statistics, available in both desktop and online versions. Holt (1957) <doi:10.1016/j.ijforecast.2003.09.015>, Winters (1960) <doi:10.1287/mnsc.6.3.324>, Cleveland, Cleveland, & Terpenning (1990) "STL: A Seasonal-Trend Decomposition Procedure Based on Loess".

This package provides a suite of convenient tools for social network analysis geared toward students, entry-level users, and non-expert practitioners. â ideanetâ features unique functions for the processing and measurement of sociocentric and egocentric network data. These functions automatically generate node- and system-level measures commonly used in the analysis of these types of networks. Outputs from these functions maximize the ability of novice users to employ network measurements in further analyses while making all users less prone to common data analytic errors. Additionally, â ideanetâ features an R Shiny graphic user interface that allows novices to explore network data with minimal need for coding.

In classification problems a monotone relation between some predictors and the classes may be assumed. In this package isoboost we propose new boosting algorithms, based on LogitBoost, that incorporate this isotonicity information, yielding more accurate and easily interpretable rules.

Evaluating if values of vectors are within different open/closed intervals (`x %[]% c(a, b)`), or if two closed intervals overlap (`c(a1, b1) %[]o[]% c(a2, b2)`). Operators for negation and directional relations also implemented.

This R package implements methods for estimation and inference under Incomplete Block Designs and Balanced Incomplete Block Designs within a design-based finite-population framework. Based on Koo and Pashley (2026) <doi:10.1093/biomet/asag013>, it includes block-level estimators and extends to unit-level effects using Horvitz-Thompson and Hájek estimators. The package also provides asymptotic confidence intervals to support valid statistical inference.

An implementation to reconstruct individual patient data from Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival curves, visualize and assess the accuracy of the reconstruction, then perform secondary analysis on the reconstructed data. We involve a simple function to extract the coordinates form the published K-M curves. The function is developed based on Poisot T. â s digitize package (2011) <doi:10.32614/RJ-2011-004> . For more complex and tangled together graphs, digitizing software, such as DigitizeIt (for MAC or windows) or ScanIt'(for windows) can be used to get the coordinates. Additional information should also be involved to increase the accuracy, like numbers of patients at risk (often reported at 5-10 time points under the x-axis of the K-M graph), total number of patients, and total number of events. The package implements the modified iterative K-M estimation algorithm (modified-iKM) improved upon the approach proposed by Guyot (2012) <doi:10.1186/1471-2288-12-9> with some modifications.

Advanced fuzzy logic based techniques are implemented to compute the similarity among different objects or items. Typically, application areas consist of transforming raw data into the corresponding advanced fuzzy logic representation and determining the similarity between two objects using advanced fuzzy similarity techniques in various fields of research, such as text classification, pattern recognition, software projects, decision-making, medical diagnosis, and market prediction. Functions are designed to compute the membership, non-membership, hesitant-membership, indeterminacy-membership, and refusal-membership for the input matrices. Furthermore, it also includes a large number of advanced fuzzy logic based similarity measure functions to compute the Intuitionistic fuzzy similarity (IFS), Pythagorean fuzzy similarity (PFS), and Spherical fuzzy similarity (SFS) between two objects or items based on their fuzzy relationships. It also includes working examples for each function with sample data sets.

Data from the United States Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) is included in this package. There are ICD-9 and ICD-10 diagnostic and procedure codes, and lists of the chapter and sub-chapter headings and the ranges of ICD codes they encompass. There are also two sample datasets. These data are used by the icd package for finding comorbidities.

Converts character vectors between phonetic representations. Supports IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet), X-SAMPA (Extended Speech Assessment Methods Phonetic Alphabet), and ARPABET (used by the CMU Pronouncing Dictionary).

This package implements multiple variants of the Information Bottleneck ('IB') method for clustering datasets containing continuous, categorical (nominal/ordinal) and mixed-type variables. The package provides deterministic, agglomerative, generalized, and standard IB clustering algorithms that preserve relevant information while forming interpretable clusters. The Deterministic Information Bottleneck is described in Costa et al. (2026) <doi:10.1016/j.patcog.2026.113580>. The standard IB method originates from Tishby et al. (2000) <doi:10.48550/arXiv.physics/0004057>, the agglomerative variant from Slonim and Tishby (1999) <https://papers.nips.cc/paper/1651-agglomerative-information-bottleneck>, and the generalized IB from Strouse and Schwab (2017) <doi:10.1162/NECO_a_00961>.

This package provides a comprehensive toolkit for intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) analysis, integrating three core functionalities: (1) Closed-form sample size calculation for ICC estimation with assurance probability, based on Zou (2012) <doi:10.1002/sim.5466>; (2) Full implementation of all 10 ICC types (6 common + 4 supplementary) for point estimation, exact confidence interval calculation, and formal hypothesis testing, following the methods of McGraw & Wong (1996) <doi:10.1037/1082-989X.1.1.30> and the standard decision framework; (3) An interactive shiny application that guides users through ICC type selection, performs calculations, and provides reliability evaluation based on the Koo & Li (2016) <doi:10.1016/j.jcm.2016.02.012> criteria. Compared to existing packages, it provides a unified decision workflow and supports all less common ICC variants.

Fitting and validation of machine learning algorithms for volume prediction of trees, currently for conifer trees based on diameter at breast height and height as explanatory variables.

The 14th generation International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF). A standard spherical harmonic representation of the Earth's main field.

The Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) distance measure for time series allows non-linear alignments of time series to match similar patterns in time series of different lengths and or different speeds. IncDTW is characterized by (1) the incremental calculation of DTW (reduces runtime complexity to a linear level for updating the DTW distance) - especially for life data streams or subsequence matching, (2) the vector based implementation of DTW which is faster because no matrices are allocated (reduces the space complexity from a quadratic to a linear level in the number of observations) - for all runtime intensive DTW computations, (3) the subsequence matching algorithm runDTW, that efficiently finds the k-NN to a query pattern in a long time series, and (4) C++ in the heart. For details about DTW see the original paper "Dynamic programming algorithm optimization for spoken word recognition" by Sakoe and Chiba (1978) <DOI:10.1109/TASSP.1978.1163055>. For details about this package, Dynamic Time Warping and Incremental Dynamic Time Warping please see "IncDTW: An R Package for Incremental Calculation of Dynamic Time Warping" by Leodolter et al. (2021) <doi:10.18637/jss.v099.i09>.

Imputing blockwise missing data by imprecise imputation, featuring a domain-based, variable-wise, and case-wise strategy. Furthermore, the estimation of lower and upper bounds for unconditional and conditional probabilities based on the obtained imprecise data is implemented. Additionally, two utility functions are supplied: one to check whether variables in a data set contain set-valued observations; and another to merge two already imprecisely imputed data. The method is described in a technical report by Endres, Fink and Augustin (2018, <doi:10.5282/ubm/epub.42423>).

Sports Injury Data analysis aims to identify and describe the magnitude of the injury problem, and to gain more insights (e.g. determine potential risk factors) by statistical modelling approaches. The injurytools package provides standardized routines and utilities that simplify such analyses. It offers functions for data preparation, informative visualizations and descriptive and model-based analyses.

Carry out comparative authorship analysis of disputed and undisputed texts within the Likelihood Ratio Framework for expressing evidence in forensic science. This package contains implementations of well-known algorithms for comparative authorship analysis, such as Smith and Aldridge's (2011) Cosine Delta <doi:10.1080/09296174.2011.533591> or Koppel and Winter's (2014) Impostors Method <doi:10.1002/asi.22954>, as well as functions to measure their performance and to calibrate their outputs into Log-Likelihood Ratios.

Different functions includes constructing composite indicators, imputing missing data, and evaluating imputation techniques. Additionally, different tools for data normalization. Detailed methodologies of Indicator package are: OECD/European Union/EC-JRC (2008), "Handbook on Constructing Composite Indicators: Methodology and User Guide", OECD Publishing, Paris, <DOI:10.1787/533411815016>, Matteo Mazziotta & Adriano Pareto, (2018) "Measuring Well-Being Over Time: The Adjusted Mazziottaâ Pareto Index Versus Other Non-compensatory Indices" <DOI:10.1007/s11205-017-1577-5> and De Muro P., Mazziotta M., Pareto A. (2011), "Composite Indices of Development and Poverty: An Application to MDGs" <DOI:10.1007/s11205-010-9727-z>.

IRT-M is a semi-supervised approach based on Bayesian Item Response Theory that produces theoretically identified underlying dimensions from input data and a constraints matrix. The methodology is fully described in Morucci et al. (2024), "Measurement That Matches Theory: Theory-Driven Identification in Item Response Theory Models"'. Details are available at <https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/american-political-science-review/article/measurement-that-matches-theory-theorydriven-identification-in-item-response-theory-models/395DA1DFE3DCD7B866DC053D7554A30B>.

It constructs a Consensus Network which identifies the general information of all the layers and Specific Networks for each layer with the information present only in that layer and not in all the others.The method is described in Policastro et al. (2024) "INet for network integration" <doi:10.1007/s00180-024-01536-8>.

This package contains bibliographic information for the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Idaho National Laboratory (INL) Project Office.