Hedgehog will eat all your bugs. Hedgehog is a property-based testing package in the spirit of QuickCheck'. With Hedgehog', one can test properties of their programs against randomly generated input, providing far superior test coverage compared to unit testing. One of the key benefits of Hedgehog is integrated shrinking of counterexamples, which allows one to quickly find the cause of bugs, given salient examples when incorrect behaviour occurs.

Analysis of plant pathogen pathotype survey data. Functions provided calculate distribution of susceptibilities, distribution of complexities with statistics, pathotype frequency distribution, as well as diversity indices for pathotypes. This package is meant to be a direct replacement for Herrmann, Löwer and Schachtel's (1999) <doi:10.1046/j.1365-3059.1999.00325.x> Habgood-Gilmour Spreadsheet, HaGiS', previously used for pathotype analysis.

This package provides a method for identifying responses to experimental stimulation in mass or flow cytometry that uses high dimensional analysis of measured parameters and can be performed with an end-to-end unsupervised approach. In the context of in vitro stimulation assays where high-parameter cytometry was used to monitor intracellular response markers, using cell populations annotated either through automated clustering or manual gating for a combined set of stimulated and unstimulated samples, HDStIM labels cells as responding or non-responding. The package also provides auxiliary functions to rank intracellular markers based on their contribution to identifying responses and generating diagnostic plots.

Paternal recombination rate and maternal linkage disequilibrium (LD) are estimated for pairs of biallelic markers such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from progeny genotypes and sire haplotypes. The implementation relies on paternal half-sib families. If maternal half-sib families are used, the roles of sire/dam are swapped. Multiple families can be considered. For parameter estimation, at least one sire has to be double heterozygous at the investigated pairs of SNPs. Based on recombination rates, genetic distances between markers can be estimated. Markers with unusually large recombination rate to markers in close proximity (i.e. putatively misplaced markers) shall be discarded in this derivation. A workflow description is attached as vignette. *A pipeline is available at GitHub* <https://github.com/wittenburg/hsrecombi> Hampel, Teuscher, Gomez-Raya, Doschoris, Wittenburg (2018) "Estimation of recombination rate and maternal linkage disequilibrium in half-sibs" <doi:10.3389/fgene.2018.00186>. Gomez-Raya (2012) "Maximum likelihood estimation of linkage disequilibrium in half-sib families" <doi:10.1534/genetics.111.137521>.

Antitrust analysis of healthcare markets. Contains functions to implement the semiparametric estimation technique described in Raval, Rosenbaum, and Tenn (2017) "A Semiparametric Discrete Choice Model: An Application to Hospital Mergers" <doi:10.1111/ecin.12454>.

Pre-made models that can be rapidly tailored to various chemicals and species using chemical-specific in vitro data and physiological information. These tools allow incorporation of chemical toxicokinetics ("TK") and in vitro-in vivo extrapolation ("IVIVE") into bioinformatics, as described by Pearce et al. (2017) (<doi:10.18637/jss.v079.i04>). Chemical-specific in vitro data characterizing toxicokinetics have been obtained from relatively high-throughput experiments. The chemical-independent ("generic") physiologically-based ("PBTK") and empirical (for example, one compartment) "TK" models included here can be parameterized with in vitro data or in silico predictions which are provided for thousands of chemicals, multiple exposure routes, and various species. High throughput toxicokinetics ("HTTK") is the combination of in vitro data and generic models. We establish the expected accuracy of HTTK for chemicals without in vivo data through statistical evaluation of HTTK predictions for chemicals where in vivo data do exist. The models are systems of ordinary differential equations that are developed in MCSim and solved using compiled (C-based) code for speed. A Monte Carlo sampler is included for simulating human biological variability (Ring et al., 2017 <doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.06.004>) and propagating parameter uncertainty (Wambaugh et al., 2019 <doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfz205>). Empirically calibrated methods are included for predicting tissue:plasma partition coefficients and volume of distribution (Pearce et al., 2017 <doi:10.1007/s10928-017-9548-7>). These functions and data provide a set of tools for using IVIVE to convert concentrations from high-throughput screening experiments (for example, Tox21, ToxCast) to real-world exposures via reverse dosimetry (also known as "RTK") (Wetmore et al., 2015 <doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfv171>).

Datasets related to Hong Kong, including information on the 2019 elected District Councillors (<https://www.districtcouncils.gov.hk> and <https://dce2019.hk01.com/>) and traffic collision data from the Hong Kong Department of Transport (<https://www.td.gov.hk/>). All of the data in this package is available in the public domain.

Implementation of the Hysteretic and Gatekeeping Depressions Model (HGDM) which calculates variable connected/contributing areas and resulting discharge volumes in prairie basins dominated by depressions ("slough" or "potholes"). The small depressions are combined into a single "meta" depression which explicitly models the hysteresis between the storage of water and the connected/contributing areas of the depressions. The largest (greater than 5% of the total depressional area) depression (if it exists) is represented separately to model its gatekeeping, i.e. the blocking of upstream flows until it is filled. The methodolgy is described in detail in Shook and Pomeroy (2025, <doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.132821>).

We provide a collection of various classical tests and latest normal-reference tests for comparing high-dimensional mean vectors including two-sample and general linear hypothesis testing (GLHT) problem. Some existing tests for two-sample problem [see Bai, Zhidong, and Hewa Saranadasa.(1996) <https://www.jstor.org/stable/24306018>; Chen, Song Xi, and Ying-Li Qin.(2010) <doi:10.1214/09-aos716>; Srivastava, Muni S., and Meng Du.(2008) <doi:10.1016/j.jmva.2006.11.002>; Srivastava, Muni S., Shota Katayama, and Yutaka Kano.(2013)<doi:10.1016/j.jmva.2012.08.014>]. Normal-reference tests for two-sample problem [see Zhang, Jin-Ting, Jia Guo, Bu Zhou, and Ming-Yen Cheng.(2020) <doi:10.1080/01621459.2019.1604366>; Zhang, Jin-Ting, Bu Zhou, Jia Guo, and Tianming Zhu.(2021) <doi:10.1016/j.jspi.2020.11.008>; Zhang, Liang, Tianming Zhu, and Jin-Ting Zhang.(2020) <doi:10.1016/j.ecosta.2019.12.002>; Zhang, Liang, Tianming Zhu, and Jin-Ting Zhang.(2023) <doi:10.1080/02664763.2020.1834516>; Zhang, Jin-Ting, and Tianming Zhu.(2022) <doi:10.1080/10485252.2021.2015768>; Zhang, Jin-Ting, and Tianming Zhu.(2022) <doi:10.1007/s42519-021-00232-w>; Zhu, Tianming, Pengfei Wang, and Jin-Ting Zhang.(2023) <doi:10.1007/s00180-023-01433-6>]. Some existing tests for GLHT problem [see Fujikoshi, Yasunori, Tetsuto Himeno, and Hirofumi Wakaki.(2004) <doi:10.14490/jjss.34.19>; Srivastava, Muni S., and Yasunori Fujikoshi.(2006) <doi:10.1016/j.jmva.2005.08.010>; Yamada, Takayuki, and Muni S. Srivastava.(2012) <doi:10.1080/03610926.2011.581786>; Schott, James R.(2007) <doi:10.1016/j.jmva.2006.11.007>; Zhou, Bu, Jia Guo, and Jin-Ting Zhang.(2017) <doi:10.1016/j.jspi.2017.03.005>]. Normal-reference tests for GLHT problem [see Zhang, Jin-Ting, Jia Guo, and Bu Zhou.(2017) <doi:10.1016/j.jmva.2017.01.002>; Zhang, Jin-Ting, Bu Zhou, and Jia Guo.(2022) <doi:10.1016/j.jmva.2021.104816>; Zhu, Tianming, Liang Zhang, and Jin-Ting Zhang.(2022) <doi:10.5705/ss.202020.0362>; Zhu, Tianming, and Jin-Ting Zhang.(2022) <doi:10.1007/s00180-021-01110-6>; Zhang, Jin-Ting, and Tianming Zhu.(2022) <doi:10.1016/j.csda.2021.107385>].

This data-only package was created for distributing data used in the examples of the hglm package.

Utilities for reading data from the Human Mortality Database (<https://www.mortality.org>), Human Fertility Database (<https://www.humanfertility.org>), and similar databases from the web or locally into an R session as data.frame objects. These are the two most widely used sources of demographic data to study basic demographic change, trends, and develop new demographic methods. Other supported databases at this time include the Human Fertility Collection (<https://www.fertilitydata.org>), The Japanese Mortality Database (<https://www.ipss.go.jp/p-toukei/JMD/index-en.html>), and the Canadian Human Mortality Database (<http://www.bdlc.umontreal.ca/chmd/>). Arguments and data are standardized.

This package provides functions to view files in raw binary form like in a hex editor. Additional functions to specify and read arbitrary binary formats.

This package provides tools for computing HUM (Hypervolume Under the Manifold) value to estimate features ability to discriminate the class labels, visualizing the ROC curve for two or three class labels (Natalia Novoselova, Cristina Della Beffa, Junxi Wang, Jialiang Li, Frank Pessler, Frank Klawonn (2014) <doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btu086>).

Offers efficient algorithms for fitting regularization paths for lasso or elastic-net penalized regression models with Huber loss, quantile loss or squared loss. Reference: Congrui Yi and Jian Huang (2017) <doi:10.1080/10618600.2016.1256816>.

This package provides a tool to format R markdown with CSS ids for HTML output. The tool may be most helpful for those using markdown to create reproducible documents. The biggest limitations in formatting is the knowledge of CSS by the document authors.

This package provides a collection of functions for sampling and simulating 3D surfaces and objects and estimating metrics like rugosity, fractal dimension, convexity, sphericity, circularity, second moments of area and volume, and more.

Published meta-analyses routinely present one of the measures of heterogeneity introduced in Higgins and Thompson (2002) <doi:10.1002/sim.1186>. For critiquing articles it is often better to convert to another of those measures. Some conversions are provided here and confidence intervals are also available.

Estimates frictional constants for hydraulic analysis of rivers. This HYDRaulic ROughness CALculator (HYDROCAL) was previously developed as a spreadsheet tool and accompanying documentation by McKay and Fischenich (2011, <https://erdc-library.erdc.dren.mil/jspui/bitstream/11681/2034/1/CHETN-VII-11.pdf>).

Ridge regression provide biased estimators of the regression parameters with lower variance. The HDBRR ("High Dimensional Bayesian Ridge Regression") function fits Bayesian Ridge regression without MCMC, this one uses the SVD or QR decomposition for the posterior computation.

This package implements the method developed by Cao and Kosorok (2011) for the significance analysis of thousands of features in high-dimensional biological studies. It is an asymptotically valid data-driven procedure to find critical values for rejection regions controlling the k-familywise error rate, false discovery rate, and the tail probability of false discovery proportion.

Health Calculator helps to find different parameters like basal metabolic rate, body mass index etc. related to fitness and health of a person.

In the framework of Symbolic Data Analysis, a relatively new approach to the statistical analysis of multi-valued data, we consider histogram-valued data, i.e., data described by univariate histograms. The methods and the basic statistics for histogram-valued data are mainly based on the L2 Wasserstein metric between distributions, i.e., the Euclidean metric between quantile functions. The package contains unsupervised classification techniques, least square regression and tools for histogram-valued data and for histogram time series. An introducing paper is Irpino A. Verde R. (2015) <doi: 10.1007/s11634-014-0176-4>.

Used for predicting a genotypeâ s allelic state at a specific locus/QTL/gene. This is accomplished by using both a genotype matrix and a separate file which has categorizations about loci/QTL/genes of interest for the individuals in the genotypic matrix. A training population can be created from a panel of individuals who have been previously screened for specific loci/QTL/genes, and this previous screening could be summarized into a category. Using the categorization of individuals which have been genotyped using a genome wide marker platform, a model can be trained to predict what category (haplotype) an individual belongs in based on their genetic sequence in the region associated with the locus/QTL/gene. These trained models can then be used to predict the haplotype of a locus/QTL/gene for individuals which have been genotyped with a genome wide platform yet not genotyped for the specific locus/QTL/gene. This package is based off work done by Winn et al 2021. For more specific information on this method, refer to <doi:10.1007/s00122-022-04178-w>.

Clustering of high dimensional data with Hidden Markov Model on Variable Blocks (HMM-VB) fitted via Baum-Welch algorithm. Clustering is performed by the Modal Baum-Welch algorithm (MBW), which finds modes of the density function. Lin Lin and Jia Li (2017) <https://jmlr.org/papers/v18/16-342.html>.