cdrecord converts a CD image in a ".bin / .cue" format (sometimes ".raw / .cue") to a set of .iso and .cdr tracks.

Asunder is a graphical audio CD ripper and encoder. It can save audio tracks as WAV, MP3, Ogg Vorbis, FLAC, Opus, Wavpack, and Musepack. It can use CDDB to name and tag each track automatically, and it allows for each track to be by a different artist. Asunder can encode to multiple formats in one session, and it can create M3U playlists.

RipIT is used to extract audio from CDs.

CDEmu client is a simple command-line client for controlling CDEmu daemon.

It provides a way to perform the key tasks related to controlling the CDEmu daemon, such as loading and unloading devices, displaying devices' status and retrieving/setting devices' debug masks.

abcde is a front-end command-line utility (actually, a shell script) that grabs tracks off a CD, encodes them to Ogg/Vorbis, MP3, FLAC, Ogg/Speex and/or MPP/MP+ (Musepack) format, and tags them, all in one go.

Cdrkit is a suite of programs for recording CDs and DVDs, blanking CD-RW media, creating ISO-9660 file system images, extracting audio CD data, and more. It's mostly compatible with cdrtools.

Libisofs creates ISO 9660 (also known as ECMA-119) file system images which can either be written to POSIX file objects or handed over to libburn for being written directly to optical media. It can read metadata of ISO 9660 filesystems, manipulate them, and use them to produce new complete file system images or add-on images to be appended to the read file system image. Supported extensions to ISO 9660 are Rock Ridge, Joliet, AAIP, zisofs.

The GNU Compact Disc Input and Control Library (libcdio) is a library for CD-ROM and CD image file access. It allows the developer to add CD access to an application without having to worry about the OS- and device-dependent properties of CD-ROM or the specific details of CD image formats. It includes pycdio, a Python interface to libcdio, and libcdio-paranoia, a library providing jitter-free and error-free audio extraction from CDs.

cdrdao records audio or data CDs in disk-at-once (DAO) mode, based on a textual description of the contents. This mode writes the complete disc – lead-in, one or more tracks, and lead-out – in a single step and is commonly used with audio CDs. cdrdao can also handle the bin/cue format, commonly used for VCDs or disks with subchannel data.

CDemu is a software suite designed to emulate an optical drive and disc (including CD-ROMs and DVD-ROMs).

DVDStyler is a DVD authoring application which allows users to burn video files in many formats to DVD discs, complete with individually designed menus. It can be used to create professional-looking DVD's with custom buttons, backgrounds and animations, from within a user-friendly graphical interface.

geteltorito can extract the initial/default boot image from CDs (and ISOs) that follow the El Torito specification for bootable CD-ROMs.

Image data is written to standard output by default and all other information is written to standard error.

libcdio-paranoia is an implementation of CD paranoia libraries based on libcdio.

cd-discid is a command-line tool to retrieve CDDB discid information from an audio CD.

Libburn is a library for reading and writing optical discs. Supported media are: CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-RAM, DVD+RW, DVD+R, DVD+R/DL, DVD-RW, DVD-R, DVD-R/DL, BD-R, and BD-RE.

Cdparanoia retrieves audio tracks from CDDA capable CDROM drives. The data can be saved to a file or directed to standard output in WAV, AIFF, AIFF-C or raw format. Most ATAPI, SCSI and several proprietary CDROM drive makes are supported; cdparanoia can determine if the target drive is CDDA capable. In addition to simple reading, cdparanoia adds extra-robust data verification, synchronization, error handling and scratch reconstruction capability.

GNU ccd2cue is a preprocessor for CD burning software that allows the conversion of the proprietary CCD format to the CUE format, which is well-supported by free software. These files are commonly distributed with CD images and are used to describe how tracks are laid out on the image.

Optical media (CD,DVD,BD) keep their data only for a finite time (typically for many years). After that time, data loss develops slowly with read errors growing from the outer media region towards the inside.

Dvdisaster stores data on CD/DVD/BD (supported media) in a way that it is fully recoverable even after some read errors have developed. This enables you to rescue the complete data to a new medium.

Data loss is prevented by using error correcting codes. Error correction data is either added to the medium or kept in separate error correction files. Dvdisaster works at the image level so that the recovery does not depend on the file system of the medium. The maximum error correction capacity is user-selectable.

Libcue is a C library to parse so-called cue sheets which contain meta-data for CD/DVD tracks. It provides an API to manipulate the data.

dvd+rw-tools, mostly known for its command growisofs, is a collection of DVD and Blu-ray Disc burning tools. It requires another program, such as mkisofs, genisoimage, or xorrisofs to create ISO 9660 images.

GNU Xorriso is a tool for copying files to and from ISO 9660 Rock Ridge, a.k.a. Compact Disc File System, file systems and it allows session-wise manipulation of them. It features a formatter and burner for CD, DVD and BD. It can operate on existing ISO images or it can create new ones. xorriso can then be used to copy files directly into or out of ISO files.

cdrtools is a collection of command line utilities to create CD's, DVD's or Blue Ray discs. The most important components are cdrecord, a burning program, cdda2wav, a CD audio ripper which uses libparanoia, and mkisofs, which can create various disc images.

libudfread is a C library for reading UDF file systems. UDF is a file system mostly used for DVDs and other optical media. It supports read-only media (DVD/CD-R) and rewritable media that wears out (DVD/CD-RW).

libMirage is a CD-ROM image access library. It supports the following formats: B6T, C2D, CCD, CDI, CIF, CUE, ISO, MDS, MDX, NRG, TOC. It is written in C and based on GLib. Its aim is to provide uniform access to the data stored in various image formats.