Numerical derivatives through finite-difference approximations can be calculated using the pnd package with parallel capabilities and optimal step-size selection to improve accuracy. These functions facilitate efficient computation of derivatives, gradients, Jacobians, and Hessians, allowing for more evaluations to reduce the mathematical and machine errors. Designed for compatibility with the numDeriv package, which has not received updates in several years, it introduces advanced features such as computing derivatives of arbitrary order, improving the accuracy of Hessian approximations by avoiding repeated differencing, and parallelising slow functions on Windows, Mac, and Linux.

This package provides functions and example datasets for phytosociological analysis, forest inventory, biomass and carbon estimation, and visualization of vegetation data. Includes functions to compute structural parameters [phytoparam(), summary.param(), stats()], estimate above-ground biomass and carbon [AGB()], stratify wood volume by diameter at breast height (DBH) classes [stratvol()], generate collector and rarefaction curves [collector.curve(), rarefaction()], and visualize basal areas on quadrat maps [BAplot(), including rectangular plots and individual coordinates]. Several example datasets are provided to demonstrate the functionality of these tools. For more details see FAO (1981, ISBN:92-5-101132-X) "Manual of forest inventory", IBGE (2012, ISBN:9788524042720) "Manual técnico da vegetação brasileira" and Heringer et al. (2020) "Phytosociology in R: A routine to estimate phytosociological parameters" <doi:10.22533/at.ed.3552009033>.

Log-multiplicative association models (LMA) are models for cross-classifications of categorical variables where interactions are represented by products of category scale values and an association parameter. Maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) fails for moderate to large numbers of categorical variables. The pleLMA package overcomes this limitation of MLE by using pseudo-likelihood estimation to fit the models to small or large cross-classifications dichotomous or multi-category variables. Originally proposed by Besag (1974, <doi:10.1111/j.2517-6161.1974.tb00999.x>), pseudo-likelihood estimation takes large complex models and breaks it down into smaller ones. Rather than maximizing the likelihood of the joint distribution of all the variables, a pseudo-likelihood function, which is the product likelihoods from conditional distributions, is maximized. LMA models can be derived from a number of different frameworks including (but not limited to) graphical models and uni-dimensional and multi-dimensional item response theory models. More details about the models and estimation can be found in the vignette.

Eco-phylogenetic and community phylogenetic analyses. Keeps community ecological and phylogenetic data matched up and comparable using comparative.comm objects. Wrappers for common community phylogenetic indices ('pez.shape', pez.evenness', pez.dispersion', and pez.dissimilarity metrics). Implementation of Cavender-Bares (2004) correlation of phylogenetic and ecological matrices ('fingerprint.regression'). Phylogenetic Generalised Linear Mixed Models (PGLMMs; pglmm') following Ives & Helmus (2011) and Rafferty & Ives (2013). Simulation of null assemblages, traits, and phylogenies ('scape', sim.meta.comm').

Statistical functions to describe a Pareto Positive Stable (PPS) distribution and fit it to real data. Graphical and statistical tools to validate the fits are included.

Run simulations or other functions while easily varying parameters from one iteration to the next. Some common use cases would be grid search for machine learning algorithms, running sets of simulations (e.g., estimating statistical power for complex models), or bootstrapping under various conditions. See the paramtest documentation for more information and examples.

This package provides data set and function for exploration of Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2014 Household questionnaire data for Punjab, Pakistan (<http://www.mics.unicef.org/surveys>).

Includes tools to calculate statistical power, minimum detectable effect size (MDES), MDES difference (MDESD), and minimum required sample size for various multilevel randomized experiments (MRE) with continuous outcomes. Accomodates 14 types of MRE designs to detect main treatment effect, seven types of MRE designs to detect moderated treatment effect (2-1-1, 2-1-2, 2-2-1, 2-2-2, 3-3-1, 3-3-2, and 3-3-3 designs; <total.lev> - <trt.lev> - <mod.lev>), five types of MRE designs to detect mediated treatment effects (2-1-1, 2-2-1, 3-1-1, 3-2-1, and 3-3-1 designs; <trt.lev> - <med.lev> - <out.lev>), four types of partially nested (PN) design to detect main treatment effect, and three types of PN designs to detect mediated treatment effects (2/1, 3/1, 3/2; <trt.arm.lev> / <ctrl.arm.lev>). See PowerUp! Excel series at <https://www.causalevaluation.org/>.

We implement two least-squares estimators under k-monotony constraint using a method based on the Support Reduction Algorithm from Groeneboom et al (2008) <DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9469.2007.00588.x>. The first one is a projection estimator on the set of k-monotone discrete functions. The second one is a projection on the set of k-monotone discrete probabilities. This package provides functions to generate samples from the spline basis from Lefevre and Loisel (2013) <DOI:10.1239/jap/1378401239>, and from mixtures of splines.

Nonparametric density estimation for (hyper)spherical data by means of a parametrically guided kernel estimator (Alonso-Pena et al. (2024) <doi:10.1111/sjos.12737>. The package also allows the data-driven selection of the smoothing parameter and the representation of the estimated density for circular and spherical data. Estimators of the density without guide can also be obtained.

Design parameters of the optimal two-period multiarm platform design (controlling for either family-wise error rate or pair-wise error rate) can be calculated using this package, allowing pre-planned deferred arms to be added during the trial. More details about the design method can be found in the paper: Pan, H., Yuan, X. and Ye, J. (2022) "An optimal two-period multiarm platform design with new experimental arms added during the trial". Manuscript submitted for publication. For additional references: Dunnett, C. W. (1955) <doi:10.2307/2281208>.

Features unstructured, structured and reverse geocoding using the photon geocoding API <https://photon.komoot.io/>. Facilitates the setup of local photon instances to enable offline geocoding.

This package provides tools for anonymizing sensitive patient and research data. Helps protect privacy while keeping data useful for analysis. Anonymizes IDs, names, dates, locations, and ages while maintaining referential integrity. Methods based on: Sweeney (2002) <doi:10.1142/S0218488502001648>, Dwork et al. (2006) <doi:10.1007/11681878_14>, El Emam et al. (2011) <doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0028071>, Fung et al. (2010) <doi:10.1145/1749603.1749605>.

Pooling, backward and forward selection of linear, logistic and Cox regression models in multiply imputed datasets. Backward and forward selection can be done from the pooled model using Rubin's Rules (RR), the D1, D2, D3, D4 and the median p-values method. This is also possible for Mixed models. The models can contain continuous, dichotomous, categorical and restricted cubic spline predictors and interaction terms between all these type of predictors. The stability of the models can be evaluated using (cluster) bootstrapping. The package further contains functions to pool model performance measures as ROC/AUC, Reclassification, R-squared, scaled Brier score, H&L test and calibration plots for logistic regression models. Internal validation can be done across multiply imputed datasets with cross-validation or bootstrapping. The adjusted intercept after shrinkage of pooled regression coefficients can be obtained. Backward and forward selection as part of internal validation is possible. A function to externally validate logistic prediction models in multiple imputed datasets is available and a function to compare models. For Cox models a strata variable can be included. Eekhout (2017) <doi:10.1186/s12874-017-0404-7>. Wiel (2009) <doi:10.1093/biostatistics/kxp011>. Marshall (2009) <doi:10.1186/1471-2288-9-57>.

Examples for integrating package perry for prediction error estimation into regression models.

Allows biomechanical pressure data from a range of systems to be imported and processed in a reproducible manner. Automatic and manual tools are included to let the user define regions (masks) to be analyzed. Also includes functions for visualizing and animating pressure data. Example methods are described in Shi et al., (2022) <doi:10.1038/s41598-022-19814-0>, Lee et al., (2014) <doi:10.1186/1757-1146-7-18>, van der Zward et al., (2014) <doi:10.1186/1757-1146-7-20>, Najafi et al., (2010) <doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2009.09.003>, Cavanagh and Rodgers (1987) <doi:10.1016/0021-9290(87)90255-7>.

Investigate (analytically or visually) the inputs and outputs of probabilistic analyses of health economic models using standard health economic visualisation and metamodelling methods.

Estimate large covariance matrices in approximate factor models by thresholding principal orthogonal complements.

Propagation of uncertainty using higher-order Taylor expansion and Monte Carlo simulation. Calculations of propagated uncertainties are based on matrix calculus including covariance structure according to Arras 1998 <doi:10.3929/ethz-a-010113668> (first order), Wang & Iyer 2005 <doi:10.1088/0026-1394/42/5/011> (second order) and BIPM Supplement 1 (Monte Carlo) <doi:10.59161/JCGM101-2008>.

This package contains various tools for conveniently downloading and editing taxon-specific datasets from the Paleobiology Database <https://paleobiodb.org>, extracting information on abundance, temporal distribution of subtaxa and taxonomic diversity through deep time, and visualizing these data in relation to phylogeny and stratigraphy.

This package provides a system contains easy-to-use tools for the conditional estimation of the prevalence of an emerging or rare infectious diseases using the methods proposed in Guerrier et al. (2023) <arXiv:2012.10745>.

There are three sets of functions. The first produces basic properties of a graph and generates samples from multinomial distributions to facilitate the simulation functions (they maybe used for other purposes as well). The second provides various simulation functions for a Potts model in Potts, R. B. (1952) <doi:10.1017/S0305004100027419>. The third currently includes only one function which computes the normalizing constant of a Potts model based on simulation results.

Compute detailed and aggregated performance spectrum for event data. The detailed performance spectrum describes the event data in terms of segments, where the performance of each segment is measured and plotted for any occurrences of this segment over time and can be classified, e.g., regarding the overall population. The aggregated performance spectrum visualises the amount of cases of particular performance over time. Denisov, V., Fahland, D., & van der Aalst, W. M. P. (2018) <doi:10.1007/978-3-319-98648-7_9>.

R functions to access provenance information collected by rdt or rdtLite'. The information is stored inside a ProvInfo object and can be accessed through a collection of functions that will return the requested data. The exact format of the JSON created by rdt and rdtLite is described in <https://github.com/End-to-end-provenance/ExtendedProvJson>.